Professor Rebecca Katz, Director for Global Health Science and Security, Georgetown University, US, at One Health Security Conference, 14-15 Oct 2019, THL, Helsinki
The Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) is a five year programme to improve global, regional and national capacities to prevent, detect and respond to the threat of infectious diseases. The programme aims to enhance international and national cross-sector collaboration on health security, and to raise awareness of the links between health and security.
The document discusses the need for improved global health security and preparedness. It notes that public health emergencies can arise from infectious diseases, contaminated food/water, environmental/technological hazards, and humanitarian disasters. While preparedness is better than in the past due to frameworks like the IHR, capacity remains inadequate. Greater emphasis on political commitment to preparedness is needed. A multi-sectoral approach involving government and non-traditional partners is imperative to build trust and share resources. Preparedness must be elevated in priority and focus on strengthening capabilities for all emergencies through frameworks and country collaboration.
This document discusses global health security threats from biological sources. It outlines emerging infectious diseases, antimicrobial resistance, and other biological dangers such as bioterrorism and dual-use research. Emerging diseases are spreading more rapidly due to factors like population growth, travel, and climate change. Antimicrobial resistance has risen dangerously as misuse of antibiotics grows. Strong detection, prevention and response are needed worldwide to address biological threats that ignore borders. International cooperation is essential for global health security.
The Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) is a 5 year programme to improve globaa, regional and national capacitities to prevent, detect and respond to the threat of infectious diseases, to enhance international and national cross sectoral collaboration on health security and to raise awareness of the links between health and security
The document discusses the history and structure of international health organizations and the World Health Organization (WHO). It describes how early international health efforts focused on quarantine measures for diseases like plague and cholera. Over time, organizations were established to promote cooperation and standards between countries on international health issues, culminating in the formation of WHO in 1945. WHO aims to coordinate global health initiatives and works on priorities like disease prevention, health systems, and environmental health. It has six regional offices and is overseen by the World Health Assembly and Executive Board.
The document describes the steps taken to investigate an outbreak of jaundice in Rohtak, India. People first noticed an unusual occurrence of jaundice cases that had not been seen in over 10 years. A house-to-house survey confirmed it was an outbreak. Laboratory tests of water samples found one-third failed orthotolidine tests and 3 of 5 samples had unsafe coliform counts. Additional observations revealed poor sanitation practices in the community that could have contributed to the spread of the disease.
International health regulaiton (IHR-2005) Afghanistan Dr. Islam SaeedIslam Saeed
The document provides an overview of the International Health Regulations (IHR) of 2005. The IHR are a legally binding framework that was established to help prevent the international spread of disease while avoiding unnecessary interference with international traffic and trade. The IHR require countries to strengthen their disease surveillance and response systems and to assess and report any public health events that may constitute a public health emergency of international concern within 24 hours. The document discusses Afghanistan's progress in implementing the IHR, including establishing an IHR focal point and conducting assessments, as well as ongoing challenges to fully meeting all IHR core capacity requirements.
The International Health Regulations originated in 1851 to promote international cooperation and limit interference with trade during disease outbreaks. The IHR have been revised multiple times to address new public health challenges, including the 2005 revision to strengthen surveillance and response systems for infectious diseases and public health emergencies. The IHR (2005) require countries to develop core surveillance and response capacities and obligate information sharing during public health events of international concern in order to rapidly detect and respond to global health threats.
The Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) is a five year programme to improve global, regional and national capacities to prevent, detect and respond to the threat of infectious diseases. The programme aims to enhance international and national cross-sector collaboration on health security, and to raise awareness of the links between health and security.
The document discusses the need for improved global health security and preparedness. It notes that public health emergencies can arise from infectious diseases, contaminated food/water, environmental/technological hazards, and humanitarian disasters. While preparedness is better than in the past due to frameworks like the IHR, capacity remains inadequate. Greater emphasis on political commitment to preparedness is needed. A multi-sectoral approach involving government and non-traditional partners is imperative to build trust and share resources. Preparedness must be elevated in priority and focus on strengthening capabilities for all emergencies through frameworks and country collaboration.
This document discusses global health security threats from biological sources. It outlines emerging infectious diseases, antimicrobial resistance, and other biological dangers such as bioterrorism and dual-use research. Emerging diseases are spreading more rapidly due to factors like population growth, travel, and climate change. Antimicrobial resistance has risen dangerously as misuse of antibiotics grows. Strong detection, prevention and response are needed worldwide to address biological threats that ignore borders. International cooperation is essential for global health security.
The Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) is a 5 year programme to improve globaa, regional and national capacitities to prevent, detect and respond to the threat of infectious diseases, to enhance international and national cross sectoral collaboration on health security and to raise awareness of the links between health and security
The document discusses the history and structure of international health organizations and the World Health Organization (WHO). It describes how early international health efforts focused on quarantine measures for diseases like plague and cholera. Over time, organizations were established to promote cooperation and standards between countries on international health issues, culminating in the formation of WHO in 1945. WHO aims to coordinate global health initiatives and works on priorities like disease prevention, health systems, and environmental health. It has six regional offices and is overseen by the World Health Assembly and Executive Board.
The document describes the steps taken to investigate an outbreak of jaundice in Rohtak, India. People first noticed an unusual occurrence of jaundice cases that had not been seen in over 10 years. A house-to-house survey confirmed it was an outbreak. Laboratory tests of water samples found one-third failed orthotolidine tests and 3 of 5 samples had unsafe coliform counts. Additional observations revealed poor sanitation practices in the community that could have contributed to the spread of the disease.
International health regulaiton (IHR-2005) Afghanistan Dr. Islam SaeedIslam Saeed
The document provides an overview of the International Health Regulations (IHR) of 2005. The IHR are a legally binding framework that was established to help prevent the international spread of disease while avoiding unnecessary interference with international traffic and trade. The IHR require countries to strengthen their disease surveillance and response systems and to assess and report any public health events that may constitute a public health emergency of international concern within 24 hours. The document discusses Afghanistan's progress in implementing the IHR, including establishing an IHR focal point and conducting assessments, as well as ongoing challenges to fully meeting all IHR core capacity requirements.
The International Health Regulations originated in 1851 to promote international cooperation and limit interference with trade during disease outbreaks. The IHR have been revised multiple times to address new public health challenges, including the 2005 revision to strengthen surveillance and response systems for infectious diseases and public health emergencies. The IHR (2005) require countries to develop core surveillance and response capacities and obligate information sharing during public health events of international concern in order to rapidly detect and respond to global health threats.
The document discusses the International Health Regulations (IHR), which were established in 2005 to help the international community prevent and respond to public health risks and emergencies. It outlines the IHR's purpose of preventing disease spread while avoiding unnecessary interference with trade and travel. It also describes how the IHR determine Public Health Emergencies of International Concern, the role of the Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network in outbreak responses, and core capacity requirements for member states related to surveillance, notification, and response.
This document discusses the International Health Regulations (IHR), which provide a framework for international cooperation to control the spread of diseases. Some key points:
1. The IHR aim to prevent the international spread of diseases, encourage surveillance and capacity building, and ensure prompt notification of public health emergencies.
2. Vaccination requirements are outlined for certain diseases like smallpox, plague, cholera, and yellow fever. Smallpox vaccination is no longer recommended.
3. National IHR Focal Points have been established in countries to act as communication channels with WHO. India's focal point is the National Institute of Communicable Diseases.
4. The document outlines core surveillance and response capacities
Preparing for future shocks: Building resilient health systemsHFG Project
Presentation at USAID's Global Health Mini-University on Friday, March 4, 2016.
Preparing for Future Shocks: Building Resilient Health Systems
Kate Greene (HFG), Bob Emrey (USAID/GH/OHS), Jodi Charles (USAID/GH/OHS), Temitayo Ifafore, (USAID/GH/OHS)
After the recent Ebola outbreak, global health experts have turned to resilience frameworks used by other fields such as agriculture and engineering to understand how to build health systems that can withstand shocks, including infectious disease outbreaks, natural disasters, and political conflict. Speakers will first briefly outline each of the five key elements of the Resilience Framework, adapted from the Rockefeller Foundation and presented in a Lancet article in 2015, that can be applied to health systems. Participants will then work in small groups to discuss which health systems interventions should be pursued in response to a one-page description of an unnamed country. Speakers will then reveal what real-world interventions they designed for the country example and answer questions.
My Guest Lecture at Mahamicron 2014 - XX Maharashtra Chapter Conference of the Indian Association of Medical Microbiologists, Nagpur, 19/09/2014 to 21/09/2014.
Dr Rajesh Karyakarte Delivered this Guest Lecture on 21/09/2014 at 9:30 AM.
Public health emergencies DR. MADHUR VERMA PGIMS ROHTAKMADHUR VERMA
This document discusses public health emergencies and preparedness. It defines a public health emergency and outlines the criteria used for determining if an event constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. It also discusses notification procedures, verification of events, and the roles of various organizations like WHO in assessing and responding to potential public health emergencies. Key aspects of public health emergency preparedness are outlined, including health risk assessment, defining roles and responsibilities, and maintaining epidemiological and laboratory functions to monitor and detect public health threats.
Public health originated in 1840 with the first public health act passed in the UK in 1848. Professor Winslow later defined public health as "the art and science of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through organizing community efforts for sanitation, health education, disease prevention and treatment."
The key functions of public health include preventing and controlling disease, protecting and promoting a healthy environment, promoting healthy behaviors, identifying community health needs, developing new methodologies and research, and ensuring health for all through policies, plans and health services.
The principles of public health emphasize collective responsibility for health, the major role of government in formulating and implementing health policies and rules, and a focus on whole populations through primary and secondary prevention
This presentation defines epidemiology and the theory of epidemiologic transition proposed by Abdel Omran. It explains that the epidemiologic transition is the process by which patterns of disease and mortality shift from infectious/parasitic diseases to degenerative and man-made diseases as a society develops. The theory outlines five stages: 1) pestilence and famine dominated by infectious diseases, 2) receding pandemics as sanitation and medicine improve, 3) increasing rates of degenerative diseases like heart disease and cancer, and 4) a delayed degenerative stage where life expectancy increases through medical advances but non-communicable diseases rise due to obesity and sedentary lifestyles. The presentation provides details on each stage, highlighting the Black
1. The document summarizes key public health challenges facing Europe in the future such as chronic diseases, health inequities due to social and economic factors, and the increasing costs of healthcare.
2. It proposes solutions like promoting sustainable prevention, strengthening primary healthcare, emergency preparedness, and innovative multi-sectoral approaches.
3. The WHO's Health 2020 strategy aims to improve health for all and reduce inequities through a life-course approach, tackling major diseases, empowering communities, and resilient health systems.
This document discusses healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and outbreak investigations. It defines key terms like clusters, outbreaks, and epidemics. It also outlines the reasons to investigate outbreaks, how to recognize them, and the goals and steps of investigations. The steps include defining cases, identifying cases, analyzing person, place and time factors, developing and evaluating hypotheses, implementing controls, and communicating findings. The overall purpose is to identify the cause of the outbreak and implement measures to control it.
Presented by Hung Nguyen-Viet and Jakob Zinsstag at a technical workshop of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) regional initiative on One Health, Bangkok, Thailand, 11–13 October 2017.
The document discusses the epidemiology course which covers applying epidemiological procedures to understand occurrences and control of various health conditions. The course objectives are to provide mastery in various epidemiological assessment tools and research designs. It details the grading system, schedule, attendance policy and introduces concepts of epidemiology like descriptive epidemiology and epidemiology of infectious diseases.
What is Global Health?: Defining Global HealthUWGlobalHealth
As proposed by the Declarations of the Alma Ata and challenged by the Millennium
Development Goals, action by players and stakeholders of diverse specialties and
backgrounds is required to achieve health for all. This assembled expert panel
drawn from different backgrounds will enrich the discussion with their own experiences.
The document discusses epidemiological surveillance systems. It defines surveillance as the systematic collection and analysis of health data to understand disease patterns and control diseases. The objectives of surveillance include monitoring disease trends, identifying outbreaks, and informing public health policies. Effective surveillance requires defining conditions of interest, collecting standardized data, analyzing trends over time and place, and disseminating findings to decision-makers.
Global health care challenges and trends_ bestyBesty Varghese
GLOBAL HEALTH CARE CHALLENGES AND TRENDS: Analyses the global healthcare trends and challenges.
Healthcare providers have a unique window of opportunity to embrace efficient new technologies that directly support better healthcare and patient experiences at a lower cost.
New healthcare systems will be:
Evidence- and prevention-based
Interdisciplinary and coordinated
Transparent, accessible, accurate, and understandable
Focused on improving patient outcomes and experience
Based on partnerships among stakeholders
Visionary in their long-term thinking
And in total International health + Global public health + Collective health + Global health diplomacy = LIFE’S RIGHT
1) The document discusses several zoonotic diseases including West Nile virus, rabies, and brucellosis. It describes the pathogens, transmission cycles between animals and humans, clinical manifestations in humans, and national surveillance efforts.
2) For diseases like rabies and brucellosis, the national surveillance involves mandatory reporting of human cases, monitoring of infected animals, and collaboration between human and veterinary agencies.
3) One health approaches discussed include integrating epidemiological data between human and veterinary fields to more rapidly detect and respond to zoonotic outbreaks.
The International Health Regulations (IHR) are a legally binding agreement between WHO member states aimed at preventing, protecting against, and controlling the spread of disease internationally. The IHR require countries to report certain public health events and diseases to the WHO and develop minimum core public health capacities for surveillance, risk assessment, and response. Major revisions in 2005 expanded the scope of the IHR beyond specific diseases to all public health emergencies of international concern. The IHR establish procedures for WHO to verify country reports and determine whether events constitute a public health emergency of international concern.
The document discusses international health regulations, specifically the International Health Regulations (IHR) from 2005. It provides background on the evolution of international health regulations from 1830 to 2005. It describes key aspects of IHR 2005, including its scope, objectives, structure with 10 parts and 9 annexures. Some important features of IHR 2005 are notification requirements, national IHR focal points, requirements for national core public health capacities, recommended measures, and procedures for determining public health emergencies of international concern.
This document summarizes Edward Gilman's scholarly project on public health informatics. It defines public health informatics as the systematic application of information and computer science to public health practice, research, and learning. It reviews the history of public health informatics, challenges and solutions to public health, the partnership between primary care and public health, and global public health surveillance. The conclusion states that data and information are critical to public health operations but many health departments lack informatics capabilities and need financial support to improve practices and population health outcomes.
DIRECTIONAL STRATEGIES REPORTDirectional strategies Report on the .docxmariona83
DIRECTIONAL STRATEGIES REPORTDirectional strategies Report on the CDC
Darlene Olurin
Capella University
Strategic healthcare Planning
May 2020
INTRODUCTION
The center for Disease, Control and Prevention (CDC) are a unique health organization with a unique mission. The CDC provide evidence-based medicine experience and assistance for domestic and global surveillance, laboratory, occupational health and epidemiology functions and health threats, such as the CoVID-19, infectious diseases, influenza etc. The CDC’s office of public health in preparedness and Response (OPHPR) provide strategic directions, support and coordination for activities across CDC as well as local, state, tribal, national, territorial and international public health partners (CDC, 2019).
Over the years, the CDC has developed a working and effective plan to tackle infectious diseases. A good example was the global response to the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic that affected more than 214 countries and territories. The CDC’s response at the time, was the most rapid and effective response to an influenza pandemic in history. Through an international donation program, the vaccine was made available to 86 countries. The experience of the2009 H1N1 influenza response, continues to inform preparedness efforts for other future pandemic and public health emergencies. However, federal and state budget cuts threaten the kind of success previously seen, as is evident during this current COVID-19 pandemic. The current presidential administration, shortly after being sworn in made some serious changes that affected the CDC’S response to the pandemic by getting rid of the teams put in place to tackle pandemics this greatly slowed the U’S’s response and lead to a wider spread of this virus. Also, innovation and creativity need to be increased to best utilize existing funds.
VISON, MIISSION AND VALUES OF THE CDC
The vision of the CDC is to create a healthier, safer world that is able to detect prevent and respond to public health threats (CDC, 2019).
The mission statement is to protect all Americans and people of the nations worldwide from public health threats by working with partners to build capacity, advance research and respond in times of crisis like during this current COVID-19 pandemic (CDC, 2019).
The CDC provide technical help, assistance and resources to state and local public health agencies to support the efforts in building and preparing resilient communities (CDC,2011).
To achieve the vision of the CDC, it is vital that stakeholders as across, public health, partners, private sectors, emergency department and other related bodies, work hand in hand.
The CDC will demonstrate leadership in public health preparedness and response by adhering to the following values they have in place:
· Engaging partners on and leveraging collaboration (a strength the TOWS matrix)
· Basing decisions on the best available science
· Encouraging effective communications and inform.
The document discusses the International Health Regulations (IHR), which were established in 2005 to help the international community prevent and respond to public health risks and emergencies. It outlines the IHR's purpose of preventing disease spread while avoiding unnecessary interference with trade and travel. It also describes how the IHR determine Public Health Emergencies of International Concern, the role of the Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network in outbreak responses, and core capacity requirements for member states related to surveillance, notification, and response.
This document discusses the International Health Regulations (IHR), which provide a framework for international cooperation to control the spread of diseases. Some key points:
1. The IHR aim to prevent the international spread of diseases, encourage surveillance and capacity building, and ensure prompt notification of public health emergencies.
2. Vaccination requirements are outlined for certain diseases like smallpox, plague, cholera, and yellow fever. Smallpox vaccination is no longer recommended.
3. National IHR Focal Points have been established in countries to act as communication channels with WHO. India's focal point is the National Institute of Communicable Diseases.
4. The document outlines core surveillance and response capacities
Preparing for future shocks: Building resilient health systemsHFG Project
Presentation at USAID's Global Health Mini-University on Friday, March 4, 2016.
Preparing for Future Shocks: Building Resilient Health Systems
Kate Greene (HFG), Bob Emrey (USAID/GH/OHS), Jodi Charles (USAID/GH/OHS), Temitayo Ifafore, (USAID/GH/OHS)
After the recent Ebola outbreak, global health experts have turned to resilience frameworks used by other fields such as agriculture and engineering to understand how to build health systems that can withstand shocks, including infectious disease outbreaks, natural disasters, and political conflict. Speakers will first briefly outline each of the five key elements of the Resilience Framework, adapted from the Rockefeller Foundation and presented in a Lancet article in 2015, that can be applied to health systems. Participants will then work in small groups to discuss which health systems interventions should be pursued in response to a one-page description of an unnamed country. Speakers will then reveal what real-world interventions they designed for the country example and answer questions.
My Guest Lecture at Mahamicron 2014 - XX Maharashtra Chapter Conference of the Indian Association of Medical Microbiologists, Nagpur, 19/09/2014 to 21/09/2014.
Dr Rajesh Karyakarte Delivered this Guest Lecture on 21/09/2014 at 9:30 AM.
Public health emergencies DR. MADHUR VERMA PGIMS ROHTAKMADHUR VERMA
This document discusses public health emergencies and preparedness. It defines a public health emergency and outlines the criteria used for determining if an event constitutes a Public Health Emergency of International Concern. It also discusses notification procedures, verification of events, and the roles of various organizations like WHO in assessing and responding to potential public health emergencies. Key aspects of public health emergency preparedness are outlined, including health risk assessment, defining roles and responsibilities, and maintaining epidemiological and laboratory functions to monitor and detect public health threats.
Public health originated in 1840 with the first public health act passed in the UK in 1848. Professor Winslow later defined public health as "the art and science of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through organizing community efforts for sanitation, health education, disease prevention and treatment."
The key functions of public health include preventing and controlling disease, protecting and promoting a healthy environment, promoting healthy behaviors, identifying community health needs, developing new methodologies and research, and ensuring health for all through policies, plans and health services.
The principles of public health emphasize collective responsibility for health, the major role of government in formulating and implementing health policies and rules, and a focus on whole populations through primary and secondary prevention
This presentation defines epidemiology and the theory of epidemiologic transition proposed by Abdel Omran. It explains that the epidemiologic transition is the process by which patterns of disease and mortality shift from infectious/parasitic diseases to degenerative and man-made diseases as a society develops. The theory outlines five stages: 1) pestilence and famine dominated by infectious diseases, 2) receding pandemics as sanitation and medicine improve, 3) increasing rates of degenerative diseases like heart disease and cancer, and 4) a delayed degenerative stage where life expectancy increases through medical advances but non-communicable diseases rise due to obesity and sedentary lifestyles. The presentation provides details on each stage, highlighting the Black
1. The document summarizes key public health challenges facing Europe in the future such as chronic diseases, health inequities due to social and economic factors, and the increasing costs of healthcare.
2. It proposes solutions like promoting sustainable prevention, strengthening primary healthcare, emergency preparedness, and innovative multi-sectoral approaches.
3. The WHO's Health 2020 strategy aims to improve health for all and reduce inequities through a life-course approach, tackling major diseases, empowering communities, and resilient health systems.
This document discusses healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and outbreak investigations. It defines key terms like clusters, outbreaks, and epidemics. It also outlines the reasons to investigate outbreaks, how to recognize them, and the goals and steps of investigations. The steps include defining cases, identifying cases, analyzing person, place and time factors, developing and evaluating hypotheses, implementing controls, and communicating findings. The overall purpose is to identify the cause of the outbreak and implement measures to control it.
Presented by Hung Nguyen-Viet and Jakob Zinsstag at a technical workshop of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) regional initiative on One Health, Bangkok, Thailand, 11–13 October 2017.
The document discusses the epidemiology course which covers applying epidemiological procedures to understand occurrences and control of various health conditions. The course objectives are to provide mastery in various epidemiological assessment tools and research designs. It details the grading system, schedule, attendance policy and introduces concepts of epidemiology like descriptive epidemiology and epidemiology of infectious diseases.
What is Global Health?: Defining Global HealthUWGlobalHealth
As proposed by the Declarations of the Alma Ata and challenged by the Millennium
Development Goals, action by players and stakeholders of diverse specialties and
backgrounds is required to achieve health for all. This assembled expert panel
drawn from different backgrounds will enrich the discussion with their own experiences.
The document discusses epidemiological surveillance systems. It defines surveillance as the systematic collection and analysis of health data to understand disease patterns and control diseases. The objectives of surveillance include monitoring disease trends, identifying outbreaks, and informing public health policies. Effective surveillance requires defining conditions of interest, collecting standardized data, analyzing trends over time and place, and disseminating findings to decision-makers.
Global health care challenges and trends_ bestyBesty Varghese
GLOBAL HEALTH CARE CHALLENGES AND TRENDS: Analyses the global healthcare trends and challenges.
Healthcare providers have a unique window of opportunity to embrace efficient new technologies that directly support better healthcare and patient experiences at a lower cost.
New healthcare systems will be:
Evidence- and prevention-based
Interdisciplinary and coordinated
Transparent, accessible, accurate, and understandable
Focused on improving patient outcomes and experience
Based on partnerships among stakeholders
Visionary in their long-term thinking
And in total International health + Global public health + Collective health + Global health diplomacy = LIFE’S RIGHT
1) The document discusses several zoonotic diseases including West Nile virus, rabies, and brucellosis. It describes the pathogens, transmission cycles between animals and humans, clinical manifestations in humans, and national surveillance efforts.
2) For diseases like rabies and brucellosis, the national surveillance involves mandatory reporting of human cases, monitoring of infected animals, and collaboration between human and veterinary agencies.
3) One health approaches discussed include integrating epidemiological data between human and veterinary fields to more rapidly detect and respond to zoonotic outbreaks.
The International Health Regulations (IHR) are a legally binding agreement between WHO member states aimed at preventing, protecting against, and controlling the spread of disease internationally. The IHR require countries to report certain public health events and diseases to the WHO and develop minimum core public health capacities for surveillance, risk assessment, and response. Major revisions in 2005 expanded the scope of the IHR beyond specific diseases to all public health emergencies of international concern. The IHR establish procedures for WHO to verify country reports and determine whether events constitute a public health emergency of international concern.
The document discusses international health regulations, specifically the International Health Regulations (IHR) from 2005. It provides background on the evolution of international health regulations from 1830 to 2005. It describes key aspects of IHR 2005, including its scope, objectives, structure with 10 parts and 9 annexures. Some important features of IHR 2005 are notification requirements, national IHR focal points, requirements for national core public health capacities, recommended measures, and procedures for determining public health emergencies of international concern.
This document summarizes Edward Gilman's scholarly project on public health informatics. It defines public health informatics as the systematic application of information and computer science to public health practice, research, and learning. It reviews the history of public health informatics, challenges and solutions to public health, the partnership between primary care and public health, and global public health surveillance. The conclusion states that data and information are critical to public health operations but many health departments lack informatics capabilities and need financial support to improve practices and population health outcomes.
DIRECTIONAL STRATEGIES REPORTDirectional strategies Report on the .docxmariona83
DIRECTIONAL STRATEGIES REPORTDirectional strategies Report on the CDC
Darlene Olurin
Capella University
Strategic healthcare Planning
May 2020
INTRODUCTION
The center for Disease, Control and Prevention (CDC) are a unique health organization with a unique mission. The CDC provide evidence-based medicine experience and assistance for domestic and global surveillance, laboratory, occupational health and epidemiology functions and health threats, such as the CoVID-19, infectious diseases, influenza etc. The CDC’s office of public health in preparedness and Response (OPHPR) provide strategic directions, support and coordination for activities across CDC as well as local, state, tribal, national, territorial and international public health partners (CDC, 2019).
Over the years, the CDC has developed a working and effective plan to tackle infectious diseases. A good example was the global response to the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic that affected more than 214 countries and territories. The CDC’s response at the time, was the most rapid and effective response to an influenza pandemic in history. Through an international donation program, the vaccine was made available to 86 countries. The experience of the2009 H1N1 influenza response, continues to inform preparedness efforts for other future pandemic and public health emergencies. However, federal and state budget cuts threaten the kind of success previously seen, as is evident during this current COVID-19 pandemic. The current presidential administration, shortly after being sworn in made some serious changes that affected the CDC’S response to the pandemic by getting rid of the teams put in place to tackle pandemics this greatly slowed the U’S’s response and lead to a wider spread of this virus. Also, innovation and creativity need to be increased to best utilize existing funds.
VISON, MIISSION AND VALUES OF THE CDC
The vision of the CDC is to create a healthier, safer world that is able to detect prevent and respond to public health threats (CDC, 2019).
The mission statement is to protect all Americans and people of the nations worldwide from public health threats by working with partners to build capacity, advance research and respond in times of crisis like during this current COVID-19 pandemic (CDC, 2019).
The CDC provide technical help, assistance and resources to state and local public health agencies to support the efforts in building and preparing resilient communities (CDC,2011).
To achieve the vision of the CDC, it is vital that stakeholders as across, public health, partners, private sectors, emergency department and other related bodies, work hand in hand.
The CDC will demonstrate leadership in public health preparedness and response by adhering to the following values they have in place:
· Engaging partners on and leveraging collaboration (a strength the TOWS matrix)
· Basing decisions on the best available science
· Encouraging effective communications and inform.
N 599 Aspen University Wk 4 Intensive Healthcare Facilities and.pdfbkbk37
This document discusses pandemic preparedness in acute healthcare facilities. It describes how pandemics can overwhelm healthcare systems if facilities are not properly prepared. Key aspects of preparedness discussed include having adequate isolation capabilities and beds, sufficient staffing levels, and a strategy for quickly developing and distributing vaccines to healthcare workers. The document emphasizes that a multidisciplinary, coordinated effort between all stakeholders is needed for effective pandemic containment.
emerging and re-emerging vector borne diseasesAnil kumar
this presentation in about emerging and re-emerging vector borne diseases and their spatial spread with reference to time, surveillance, monitoring and management program and other difficulties and suggestions for program
How To Prepare for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Pandemic.pdfauroraaudrey4826
The emergence of infectious diseases and the threat they pose to global health have garnered
significant attention in recent years. The world has witnessed the devastating impact of outbreaks such
as Ebola, Zika, and, most notably, the COVID-19 pandemic. As our interconnected world continues to
evolve, understanding emerging infectious diseases and implementing effective pandemic preparedness
strategies becomes paramount. In this article, we will explore the nature of emerging infectious
diseases, examine the factors contributing to their rise, delve into the importance of proactive pandemic
preparedness measures, and discuss the lessons learned from past outbreaks to safeguard global health.
How To Prepare for Emerging Infectious Diseases and Pandemic.pdfbellabrookly2022
The emergence of infectious diseases and the threat they pose to global health have garnered significant attention in recent years. The world has witnessed the devastating impact of outbreaks such as Ebola, Zika, and, most notably, the COVID-19 pandemic. As our interconnected world continues to evolve, understanding emerging infectious diseases and implementing effective pandemic preparedness strategies becomes paramount. In this article, we will explore the nature of emerging infectious diseases, examine the factors contributing to their rise, delve into the importance of proactive pandemic preparedness measures, and discuss the lessons learned from past outbreaks to safeguard global health.
Be it with regard to natural, accidental or intentional means, public health has always been under threat. As is the case with the current COVID 19 pandemic, public health preparedness to prevent, respond to and recover is key for securing country’s overall development and growth.
A Study to Assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Prevention o...ijtsrd
Objective To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice toward coronavirus disease COVID 19 Background The World Health Organization declared COVID 19 as a pandemic on the 11th of March 2020 and declared as a global health emergency. Since then, many efforts are being carried out to control the rapid spread of the ongoing COVID 19 epidemic in India. The control measures COVID 19 is affected by their knowledge, attitudes, and practices KAP towards COVID 19. Knowledge attitude and practice of people should be directed towards strict preventive practices in order to prevents the spread of the virus. Materials and Methods The aim of the current electronic cross sectional study is to assess the knowledge, attitude and practice among selected rural community. Structured questionnaire was created in the google forms, the link was generated and distributed among the people though email and other media to participate in the survey. A total 153 subject was enrolled through convenient sampling technique. Collected data was analysed using descriptive statistics including frequency, percentage, mean and standard deviation. Results Majority of participant 91.50 were having the adequate information regarding the covid 19 and most of participants, 52.28 were got the information from multimedia included television, radio and newspaper regarding COVID 19. About 52.28 participants were the aware about the online training program by the government .Among 153 participants, 115 had adequate knowledge, 23 had moderately adequate and 15 had inadequate knowledge. Most 75.16 of the participants had adequate knowledge, in 15.03 moderately adequate and in 9.80 inadequate knowledge found regarding prevention of COVID 19. The mean knowledge score was 15.54 with standard deviation of 2.93. Most of the 102 66.66 had most favourable attitude, 31 20.26 had favourable and 20 13.07 had unfavourable attitude . The mean attitude score was 34.76 with standard deviation of 2.86.Majority of the participants, 129 had good practice, 20 had average practice and 4 had bad practice . Most 84.31 of the participants had good practice, in 13.07 average practice and in 2.61 bad practice found regarding prevention of COVID 19. The mean practice score was 25.2 with standard deviation of 2.56. Lalan Kumar "A Study to Assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Regarding Prevention of Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19): An Electronic Cross-Sectional Survey among Selected Rural Community" Published in International Journal of Trend in Scientific Research and Development (ijtsrd), ISSN: 2456-6470, Volume-4 | Issue-3 , April 2020, URL: https://www.ijtsrd.com/papers/ijtsrd30657.pdf Paper Url :https://www.ijtsrd.com/medicine/nursing/30657/a-study-to-assess-the-knowledge-attitude-and-practice-regarding-prevention-of-novel-coronavirus-covid19-an-electronic-crosssectional-survey-among-selected-rural-community/lalan-kumar
Patient perception from internet on adverse effects vs benefits of vaccination Cecilia Young 楊幽幽
Patient Perception from Internet on Adverse Effects vs Benefits of Vaccination -
An Internet Message from a Public Figure in Hong Kong
Cecilia Young* and TH Tai
Independent Researcher, Kowloon, Hong Kong
*Corresponding Author: Cecilia Young, Independent Researcher, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Received: March 07, 2018; Published: April 30, 2018
The document discusses emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases from a global health security perspective. It provides definitions of emerging and re-emerging diseases and outlines key factors that contribute to disease emergence like animal reservoirs, human behavior, and lack of preventative measures. The summary also discusses frameworks for infectious disease control like the International Health Regulations that aim to prevent and respond to cross-border disease spread. Strengthening surveillance, reporting, response coordination and countries' core public health capacities is seen as crucial to improving global health security.
This document discusses advancing One Health implementation in the Eastern Mediterranean Region. It defines One Health as recognizing linkages between humans, animals, and the environment to balance their health. Emerging diseases, antimicrobial resistance, and food safety are prioritized threats. While progress has been made, gaps remain in areas like legal frameworks and dedicated resources. The document proposes a regional framework from 2022-2027 with five strategic objectives: establish governance; foster coordination; strengthen surveillance; enhance preparedness; and develop a skilled workforce. It recommends next steps at national and regional levels to facilitate implementation of One Health.
Sustained research successes during the first two decades of the AIDS epidemic, an unprecedented expansion of HIV prevention and treatment programs during the last decade, and recent global attention and leadership have set the stage for the virtual elimination of new HIV infections in infants in the next decade.
CEPI's 100 DAYS AMBITION - HOW DO WE DEVELOP A VACCINE IN 100 DAYSiQHub
CEPI's 100 Days Mission aims to develop a vaccine within 100 days from when a pathogen is sequenced or the need for a vaccine is recognized to initial availability. This would have allowed for vaccines to be available months earlier in the COVID-19 pandemic. CEPI is pursuing several strategies to achieve this goal, including developing prototype vaccine libraries for multiple virus families, building more distributed global manufacturing capacity, and rethinking clinical trial and regulatory approaches to allow for more real-world evidence collection in emergencies. The goal is extremely ambitious but CEPI believes that with vision and collaboration, significant improvements in response time are possible.
Introduction:
In recent years, the healthcare landscape in India has undergone a significant transformation, and at the forefront of this revolution is the rapidly growing telemedicine market. Telemedicine, the use of technology to provide healthcare remotely, has gained immense popularity, especially in a country as vast and diverse as India. This blog explores the dynamics, drivers, challenges, and future prospects of the India telemedicine market.
Market Overview:
The telemedicine market in India has witnessed unprecedented growth, fueled by advancements in technology, increasing internet penetration, and the need for accessible and affordable healthcare services. According to various reports, the market is expected to continue its upward trajectory in the coming years.
Drivers of Telemedicine Growth:
Digital Penetration: The widespread availability of smartphones and internet connectivity has opened doors for telemedicine to reach remote and underserved areas. People in rural and urban areas alike can now access healthcare services with just a few clicks on their smartphones.
COVID-19 Pandemic: The global health crisis acted as a catalyst for the adoption of telemedicine. Social distancing norms and the fear of exposure to the virus prompted a surge in virtual consultations, making telemedicine a mainstream healthcare solution.
Government Initiatives: The Indian government has recognized the potential of telemedicine in improving healthcare accessibility. Initiatives such as the Telemedicine Practice Guidelines and the National Digital Health Mission have laid the foundation for a structured and regulated telehealth ecosystem.
Challenges and Solutions:
Digital Divide: Despite the growth, challenges related to the digital divide persist. Rural areas often face issues such as poor internet connectivity and a lack of digital literacy. Addressing these challenges requires collaborative efforts from the government, private sector, and non-profit organizations.
Data Security Concerns: Patient data security is a critical aspect of telemedicine. Ensuring robust cybersecurity measures, compliance with data protection laws, and creating awareness among users are essential steps in overcoming these concerns.
Regulatory Framework: While the government has taken steps to regulate telemedicine, ongoing efforts are required to refine and adapt the regulatory framework to the evolving nature of the market. Striking a balance between innovation and patient safety is crucial.
Key Players and Platforms:
Several telemedicine platforms have emerged as key players in the Indian market. From established healthcare providers offering virtual consultations to dedicated telehealth startups, the landscape is diverse. Companies like Practo, Apollo 24/7, and Mfine are among those making significant contributions.
Key Companies working on it includes Lybrate, mFine, myUpchar, vHealth, Zoylo Digihealth Pvt. Ltd., TeleVital, DocOnline, MedCords, 1Mg, M16 Labs, Artem Health,
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2) Current healthcare facilities are often underprepared with inadequate equipment, supplies, and training to effectively respond to pandemics.
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One Health: A Holistic Approach to Achieving Global Well-beinggreendigital
Introduction:
In an interconnected world where the boundaries between humans, and animals. and the environment blurred. One Health has emerged as a comprehensive approach to addressing complex health challenges. One Health recognizes the intricate connections between the Health of humans and animals. and ecosystems, emphasizing the need for collaborative efforts across disciplines to achieve optimal well-being for all. This article delves into the fundamental principles of It, and its historical roots. and its potential to revolutionize the way we approach global Health.
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Understanding One Health:
A- Definition and Scope:
It is an integrative approach that considers the Health of humans, animals. and the environment as interdependent entities. It acknowledges that the Health of one component influences the Health of the others. and disruptions in any of these systems can have far-reaching consequences. This approach goes beyond traditional silos in health management. and embraces a holistic perspective. recognizing the intricate web of connections that shape our Health.
B- Historical Roots:
The roots of the It concept can traced back to ancient civilizations. where the interconnectedness of human and animal health acknowledged. But, the formal recognition of It as a distinct field gained momentum in the late 20th century. The emergence of zoonotic diseases transmitted between animals. and humans highlighted the need for a collaborative approach to disease prevention and control.
Key Principles of One Health:
A- Interdisciplinary Collaboration:
At the heart of It is interdisciplinary collaboration. This principle involves breaking down the traditional barriers between medical, veterinary. and environmental sciences. Professionals from various fields work together to understand the complex dynamics of Health. and to develop effective strategies for prevention, surveillance, and response to emerging threats.
B- Zoonotic Disease Surveillance:
Given the increasing frequency of zoonotic disease outbreaks. It emphasizes surveillance and early detection. Monitoring diseases at the human-animal-environment interface is crucial for identifying potential threats before. they escalate into global pandemics. This proactive approach involves close collaboration between public health agencies. veterinary services, and environmental monitoring bodies.
C- Environmental Stewardship:
It recognizes the impact of environmental degradation on Health. Climate change, deforestation, and pollution can exacerbate the spread of diseases. affect water and food sources, and compromise the well-being of ecosystems. Integrating environmental stewardship into health policies is essential for safeguarding the Health of present and future generations.
Examples of One Health in Action:
A- Pandemic Preparedness:
The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic has underscored the importance of a It approach. The virus, believed to have originated in bats.
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2. GeorgetownCenterforGlobalHealthScience&Security
About the Center for
Global Health Science &
Security
The Center for Global Health Science
and Security analyzes policies and
practices used throughout the world
to prevent, detect, and respond to
emerging health threats before they
become international crises.
Our multi-disciplinary team develops
evidence for action, providing
decision makers with the tools they
need for sustainable capacity
building.
5. 2005
WHA adopts
the Revised
IHR
IHR enters
into force
2007
2012
2014
Request
extension
States report
meeting all
core capacity
requirements
OR
States assess
core
capacities
States plan/
implement
capacity building
Request 2nd
extension
States report
meeting all
core capacity
requirements
OR
2016
2019
States should
have met core
capacities
Core capacity
built in
priority
countries
PHEIC: H1N1
PHEIC:
Ebola
Global Health Security
Agenda launched
WHA
establishes
working group
to revise the
IHR
SARS
WHA
adopts
resolution
to revise
the IHR
2004
1995
2015
2009
HIV/AIDS,
emerging
infectious
diseases,
hemorrhagic
diseases
MERS PHEIC:
Zika
Fully
implemen
ted
21%2-year
extension
obtained
(with
implemen
tation
plan)…
2-year
extension
requested
(no
implemen
tation
plan)…
No report
14 % Fully
implem
ented
33 %
2-year
extensi
on
request
ed
42 %
No
report
25 %
2012 2014
PHEIC:
Polio
6. Accelerate
implementation
of IHR and other
health security
frameworks
Advance
progress toward
a world safe and
secure from
infectious
disease threats
Bring together
nations to make
new, concrete
commitments to
capacity
building
Elevate global
health security
as a priority for
leaders
worldwide
Global Health Security Agenda (GHSA) launched in
February 2014
8. 1. Annual Reporting
obligatory self reporting
2. After action review
voluntary, real events
3. Simulation exercises
voluntary, non-real events
4. Joint External evaluations
voluntary, repeat every ~5 years
Current IHR Monitoring and
Evaluation Framework
https://extranet.who.int/spp/ihrmef
9. JEE Scale Up
Joint External Evaluation—Development and Scale-Up of Global Multisectoral Health Capacity
Evaluation Process
Elizabeth Bell, Jordan W. Tappero, et al
https://www.cdc.gov/globalhealth/socialmedia/cards/mp4/joint-external-evaluation-
assessments.html
15. GHS is a state of freedom from the scourge of infectious disease, irrespective of
origin or source. It is achieved through the policies, programmes, and activities taken
to prevent, detect, respond to, and recover from biological threats. There are
numerous challenges that pose significant risk to GHS, including a wide array of
pathogens that present an existing and ongoing threat to both individual and
collective health, AMR and the emergence of currently untreatable infections, the
potential for deliberate use of a biological weapon, and the synthesis of eradicated or
novel pathogens. The complexity of addressing these challenges is amplified by a
multitude of contextual factors. These threats know no borders and have global
consequences requiring more effective collective action.
Sydney Statement
19. Sample frame
D. Brockmann, D. Helbing. Science 342, 1337 (2013)
Hypothetical epidemic, spread by worldwide air transportation networks
20. The Lancet
380:9857, 1-7 Dec
2012, pp. 1946-
55.
A health
threat
anywhere
is a health
threat
everywhere
Nature Reviews
Microbiology
2013;11: 133-141.
26. Linking public health and security authorities
Antimicrobial resistance
Immunization
Funding for AMR, globally
27. Linking public health and security authorities
Global AMR capacity
Antimicrobial resistance
Immunization
28. Linking public health and security authorities
Antimicrobial resistance
Immunization
Track funding across target efforts
29. Linking public health and security authorities
Antimicrobial resistance
Immunization
Identify misalignment of funding & need
30. Financing preparedness at a national level
30
• All countries should complete JEE/PVS assessments
and convert results into costed plans
• Countries should prioritise health security in budgets
and increase domestic resource mobilisation where
necessary
• Development partners should focus on: 1) one-off
capital investments; 2) regional initiatives; 3)
failed/fragile states
• National governments should engage the private
sector in preparedness and response planning
• Insurance should be leveraged to finance response
and incentivise better preparedness
• IMF/WB should incentivise national investment in
preparedness (via Art IV, CPIA, SCD)
Slide from Peter Sands
31.
32. Global Fund synergies with health security
for Uganda, Kenya and Vietnam
33.8% of activities and 35.7% of budget supported health security
Budgeted greater than US $695,000,000 for activities that support health
security in these three countries
17.3 %
16.5 %Items
Direct
Indirect
Budget 19.9 %
15.8 %
Direct
Indirect
35. Laboratory capacity
Linkingpublic healthand securityauthorities
Immunization
Surveillance
Global Health Security: Surveillance and Laboratory
Capacity generally well-funded
38. The article argues that the controversy inflicted serious
damage on the IHR because the Emergency Committee
abused its authority under the IHR and acted outside
the authority the IHR prescribes for this committee. The
damage done, and the manner in which it happened,
raises bigger questions about the IHR’s meaning,
influence, and future in global health governance
TO DECLARE OR NOT TO DECLARE: THE CONTROVERSY OVER
DECLARING A PUBLIC HEALTH EMERGENCY OF INTERNATIONAL
CONCERN FOR THE EBOLA OUTBREAK IN THE DEMOCRATIC
REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO
David P. Fidler
39.
40.
41.
42. What are we doing?
URL: GHSS.GEORGETOWN.EDU/WORK
43. Synergies between Global Fund-supported
activities and health security
Mapping Global Fund activities in
Kenya, Uganda, Vietnam, DRC,
Guatemala, Guinea, India, Indonesia,
Nigeria and Sierra Leone to indicators
in the Joint External Evaluation Tool
(JEE)
Qualitative research with
implementers and in-country experts
44. Viral Sovereignty, Technology Transfer, and the Changing
System for Sharing Pathogens for Public Health Research
Edited by Sam Halabi and Rebecca Katz
Forthcoming Cambridge University Press 2020
51. The International Law Impact and Infectious
Disease (ILIAID) Consortium brings together
academics, lawyers, researchers, and policy-
makers from diverse backgrounds and
disciplines to examine issues relating to the
impact of international law on infectious
diseases.
International Law Impact and Infectious Disease
(ILIAID) Consortium
Based at the Georgetown University Center for Global Health Science and Security
52. The Consortium for International Law’s
Impact on Infectious Diseases (ILIAID) has
considered the potential reform of the
International Health Regulations. The central
finding of this report is that the International
Health Regulations require reform, in order to
better meet the needs of global health health
security.
Primary study authors:
Rebecca Katz, Mark Eccleston-Turner, Alexandra Phelan, Clare Wenham
Proposal: IHR Reform