Public health originated in 1840 with the first public health act passed in the UK in 1848. Professor Winslow later defined public health as "the art and science of preventing disease, prolonging life and promoting health through organizing community efforts for sanitation, health education, disease prevention and treatment." The key functions of public health include preventing and controlling disease, protecting and promoting a healthy environment, promoting healthy behaviors, identifying community health needs, developing new methodologies and research, and ensuring health for all through policies, plans and health services. The principles of public health emphasize collective responsibility for health, the major role of government in formulating and implementing health policies and rules, and a focus on whole populations through primary and secondary prevention

1. Qsn: Public health, function of public health and principle of public health.
Term public health has origin around 1840 AD. First public health act was formulated in United Kingdom
in 1848. The revolution of public health has started from here. And later professor Winslow gave the
definition of public health. The WHO gave the public health define as “ public health is art and science
of preventing disease, prolonged life and promoting health through organizing community effort
for sanitation of environment,health education for everyone personnel hygiene, control of
communicable infections, organize nursing and medical service for early diagnosis and preventing
treatment and development ofsocial machinery to ensure every one standard oflife adequate for
maintenance oftheir life so, organizing these benefits to an enable to every citizen realize their
birth right of health and longevity.”
Functions ofpublic health. ( P3 Id In DR FOR C DPT )
 Prevent disease its progression and injuries
 Protection and promotion healthy environment for health and sanitation
 Promote health and healthy behavior
 Identify measures,monitor and anticipate health needs of community people
 Investigation and diagnosis of health problems that is
a. Microbial : bacteria disease, viral disease,fungal etc
b. Chemical hazards
 Develop new methodologies and research,community mobilize for appropriate action
 Reduce health disparities in communities and ensure HEALTH FOR ALL
 Formulate health policies, plans, strategies and implement for improve health status
 Organize qualities of health services and cost efficiency services so everyone can take afford that
 Reduce impacts of personnel violence and aggressive war
 Conduct research and evaluation for health promotion, prevention and strategies
 Disseminate health information and communication for community mobilize and participation
 Prepare for mad made and natural disasters
 Trained and ensure competent public health work forces
Principle of public health (E3 FM CAR)
 Emphasis on collective responsibilities on health
 Envisaged major role of state of health by formulating policies and rules and
implementation
 Emphasis on whole population not individually
 Focus on preventive health specially on primary prevention also do not forget curative
services
 Multi disciplinary ready to work in different and diverse discipline for health and
development
 Concern socioeconomic determination of health and disease as well as proximal
determination such as primary health care
 Attitude to both qualitative and quantitative method at working sites
 Ready to partnership with public health