Real-time simulator requirement for micro-grid simulation vs large power system

Real-time simulator requirement for micro-grid simulation vs large power system, presented by Luc-Andre Gregoire

Technology

www.opal-rt.com
Real-time simulator requirement
for micro-grid simulation
vs large power system
Presented by
Luc-André Grégoire
International Conference on Industrial Technology
March 17th-19th, 2015

2
Outline
2
- Presentation of real-time simulation
- Large power system simulation technique
- Micro-grid challenges for real-time simulation
- Distributed simulation approach

3
Presentation of real-time simulation
How many type of real-time simulation exist?
Pure Simulation
Controller Plant
IOs

4
Presentation of real-time simulation
How many type of real-time simulation exist?
Controller Plant
IOs
Real-time simulation

5
Presentation of real-time simulation
How many type of real-time simulation exist?
Rapid Controller
Prototyping
(RCP)
IOs
Controller
Plant
IOs
Controller Plant
IOs
Real-time simulation

6
Presentation of real-time simulation
6
How many type of real-time simulation exist?
IOs
Controller
Plant
IOs
Hardware-In-the-Loop
(HIL)

7
Presentation of real-time simulation
7
How many type of real-time simulation exist?
IOs
Controller
Plant
IOs
Hardware-In-the-Loop
(HIL)
Controller
Plant
Real-plant
Power amplifier
Power signals
IOs
IOs
Power-Hardware-In-the-Loop
(PHIL)

8
Presentation of real-time simulation
8
How does real-time simulation work?

9
Presentation of real-time simulation
9
How does real-time simulation work?
𝑋 = 𝐴𝑋 + 𝐵𝑈
𝑌 = 𝐶𝑋 + 𝐷𝑈
𝑋 𝑛 = 𝐴𝑋 𝑛−1 + 𝐹𝑈 𝑛
𝑌𝑛 = 𝑃𝑋 𝑛−1 + 𝑄𝑈 𝑛
𝑒𝑞𝑢𝑎𝑡𝑖𝑜𝑛𝑠 𝑠𝑜𝑙𝑣𝑒𝑑 𝑏𝑦 𝑅𝑇𝑆
𝑧 = 𝑒 𝑠𝑇

10
Presentation of real-time simulation
10
How does real-time simulation work?

11
Presentation of real-time simulation
11
How does real-time simulation work?

12
Presentation of real-time simulation
12
How does real-time simulation work?

13
Presentation of real-time simulation
13
How does real-time simulation work?

14
Presentation of real-time simulation
14
How does real-time simulation work?

15
Presentation of real-time simulation
15
How does real-time simulation work?

16
Presentation of real-time simulation
16
How does real-time simulation work?
𝑋 𝑎
𝑛
𝑋 𝑏
𝑛 =
𝐴 𝑎 0
0 𝐴 𝑏
𝑋 𝑎
𝑛_1
𝑋 𝑏
𝑛_1 +
𝐵𝑎 0
0 𝐵 𝑏
𝑈 𝑎
𝑛
𝑈 𝑏
𝑛
𝑋 𝑎
𝑛
𝑋 𝑏
𝑛 =
𝐴 𝑎 𝐴 𝑎𝑏
𝐴 𝑏𝑎 𝐴 𝑏
𝑋 𝑎
𝑛_1
𝑋 𝑏
𝑛_1 +
𝐵𝑎 𝐵 𝑎𝑏
𝐵 𝑏𝑎 𝐵 𝑏
𝑈 𝑎
𝑛
𝑈 𝑏
𝑛

17
Outline
17
- Presentation of real-time simulation
- Large power system simulation technique
- Micro-grid challenges for real-time simulation
- Distributed simulation approach

18
Large power system simulation technique
18
• Specialized software
• ARTEMiS
• SSN
• Traditional method
• Distributed parameter line
• Stubline
• Voltage/Current source

19
Large power system simulation technique
19
• Distributed parameter line (DPL)

20
Large power system simulation technique
20
• Distributed parameter line (DPL)

21
Large power system simulation technique
21
• Distributed parameter line (DPL)

22
Large power system simulation technique
22
• Stubline

23
Large power system simulation technique
23
• Stubline
𝐶 =
𝑇𝑠2
𝐿
Ts

24
Large power system simulation technique
24
• Stubline
Ts
𝐿 =
𝑇𝑠2
𝐶
Ts

25
Large power system simulation technique
25
• Voltage/Current source

26
Large power system simulation technique
26
• Voltage/Current source

27
Outline
27
- Presentation of real-time simulation
- Large power system simulation technique
- Micro-grid challenges for real-time simulation
- Distributed simulation approach

28
Micro-grid challenges for real-time simulation
28
• Distributed parameter line (DPL)
1 km
𝑇𝑠 = 50 × 10−6 𝑇𝑠 = 500 × 10−9

2929
• Stubline
𝐶 =
𝑇𝑠2
𝐿
Micro-grid challenges for real-time simulation
SI PU
Nominal power 100 kVA 1
Nominal voltage 600 V 1
Nominal frequency 50 Hz 1
Line impedance 1.1 mH 0.1
Capacitor
conductance (50 Hz)
2.18 µF 0.0025
Capacitor
conductance (5 kHz)
2.18 µF 0.25
𝑇𝑠 = 50 × 10−6

3030
• Stubline
𝐶 =
𝑇𝑠2
𝐿
Micro-grid challenges for real-time simulation
SI PU
Nominal power 100 kVA 1
Nominal voltage 600 V 1
Nominal frequency 50 Hz 1
Line impedance 1.1 mH 0.1
Capacitor
conductance (50 Hz)
2.18 µF 0.0025
Capacitor
conductance (5 kHz)
2.18 µF 0.25
SI PU
Nominal power 100 kVA 1
Nominal voltage 600 V 1
Nominal frequency 50 Hz 1
Line impedance 1.1 mH 0.1
Capacitor
conductance (50 Hz)
87.27 nF 0.00001
Capacitor
conductance (5 kHz)
87.27 nF 0.01
𝑇𝑠 = 10 × 10−6

3131
Micro-grid challenges for real-time simulation

32
Outline
32
- Presentation of real-time simulation
- Large power system simulation technique
- Micro-grid challenges for real-time simulation
- Distributed simulation approach

3434
Distributed simulation approach
1 2
3
1 2 3
Pure and RT
simulation application

3535
Distributed simulation approach
1 2
3
1 2 3
HIL application

3636
Distributed simulation approach
RCP simulation
application

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This document summarizes a PhD seminar presentation on microgrids and their control. It defines a microgrid as a group of distributed energy resources and loads that can disconnect from the traditional grid to operate autonomously. It describes the basic architecture of microgrids including sources, storage, loads, and power electronics. It discusses different modes of microgrid operation such as grid-connected, island, and various control strategies. Finally, it reviews several relevant research papers on topics like microgrid control optimization, voltage and current harmonics, and black start capabilities.

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This document discusses microgrids, including their technologies, impacts, and conclusions. It describes the power scenarios of India and some local areas. Microgrids can utilize technologies like combined heat and power, smart metering, efficient batteries, and interconnection systems. They provide sustainable energy and reduce emissions while benefiting communities economically. Microgrids are viable in remote areas lacking transmission infrastructure. Government policies aim to support microgrid development through funding, regulations, and carbon credits.

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