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Photosynthesis has two main stages: the light-dependent reaction and the light-independent reaction. In the light-dependent reaction, which takes place in the thylakoids of the chloroplast, light energy from the sun is absorbed by chlorophyll and used to split water molecules into hydrogen ions, electrons, and oxygen gas. The hydrogen ions and electrons are used to produce ATP and NADPH. In the light-independent reaction, also known as the Calvin cycle, which takes place in the stroma of the chloroplast, carbon dioxide is fixed into organic compounds using the ATP and NADPH produced in the light-dependent reaction. The Calvin cycle produces glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate (GALP) which can be used
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A level biology photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use energy from sunlight to produce food from carbon dioxide and water. It occurs in two main stages:
1. Light-dependent reactions trap light energy from the sun using chlorophyll and use it to split water molecules and produce ATP and NADPH. This takes place in the thylakoid membranes inside chloroplasts.
2. Light-independent reactions use the ATP and NADPH to fix carbon from carbon dioxide into organic carbohydrates like glucose. This occurs in the chloroplast stroma and is known as the Calvin cycle. The overall equation is 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2.
photosynthesis
Energy is stored in ATP molecules and is essential for cellular processes. ATP is formed through photosynthesis, which uses light energy from the sun to produce sugars from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis has two phases: the light-dependent reactions in the chloroplast thylakoid membrane use sunlight to produce ATP and NADPH, and the light-independent Calvin cycle uses these products to incorporate carbon dioxide into sugars like glucose.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of glucose. It occurs in two stages: the light-dependent reactions where light energy is captured to make ATP and NADPH, and the Calvin cycle where ATP and NADPH are used to incorporate carbon from carbon dioxide into organic molecules to make sugars. The light reactions take place in the chloroplasts in plant cells, where photosystems capture light and use it to split water, releasing electrons that power the production of ATP and NADPH.
Unit 1 photosynthesis rvoo
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of glucose. It occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, specifically in the thylakoid membranes. The light-dependent reaction uses energy from sunlight to convert water to oxygen and hydrogen, producing ATP and NADPH. These products are then used in the light-independent Calvin cycle to incorporate carbon from carbon dioxide into organic molecules to form glucose. Photosynthesis provides nutrients and oxygen for heterotrophs and is essential for life on Earth.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and other autotrophs convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen. It occurs in two stages - the light reactions where light energy is absorbed to produce ATP and NADPH, and the dark reactions where carbon is fixed into sugars using the energy from the light reactions. Chloroplasts in plant leaves are where photosynthesis takes place, using pigments like chlorophyll to capture sunlight and membranes like the thylakoid to trap the energy and carry out the chemical reactions.
Light independent reactions of photosynthesis
The Calvin cycle is the light-independent reaction of photosynthesis that converts the energy from ATP and NADPH produced during the light-dependent reactions into glucose. The cycle begins with carbon dioxide reacting with the five-carbon sugar RuBP to form an unstable six-carbon intermediate. This intermediate is then reduced and regenerated into two molecules of the three-carbon compound PGA. PGA is then converted into G3P using energy from ATP and NADPH, and G3P can be used to produce glucose or regenerate RuBP, using ATP.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis occurs in two phases in the chloroplast - the light reaction and the dark reaction. In the light reaction, which takes place in the grana, light energy is converted to chemical energy stored as ATP molecules. Water is split into hydrogen and oxygen, with oxygen being released and hydrogen used in the dark reaction. The dark reaction, which occurs in the stroma, uses the ATP and hydrogen to add hydrogen to carbon dioxide to form glucose without the use of sunlight.
Photosynthesis Overview
Photosynthesis uses energy from sunlight, captured by the pigment chlorophyll in chloroplasts, to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich sugars. Electrons produced during light absorption are transferred by electron carrier molecules like NADPH to drive the chemical reactions that ultimately fix carbon into sugars. The overall equation for photosynthesis is: carbon dioxide + water + light energy → sugars + oxygen.
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A level biology photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use energy from sunlight to produce food from carbon dioxide and water. It occurs in two main stages:
1. Light-dependent reactions trap light energy from the sun using chlorophyll and use it to split water molecules and produce ATP and NADPH. This takes place in the thylakoid membranes inside chloroplasts.
2. Light-independent reactions use the ATP and NADPH to fix carbon from carbon dioxide into organic carbohydrates like glucose. This occurs in the chloroplast stroma and is known as the Calvin cycle. The overall equation is 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 + 6O2.
photosynthesis
Energy is stored in ATP molecules and is essential for cellular processes. ATP is formed through photosynthesis, which uses light energy from the sun to produce sugars from carbon dioxide and water. Photosynthesis has two phases: the light-dependent reactions in the chloroplast thylakoid membrane use sunlight to produce ATP and NADPH, and the light-independent Calvin cycle uses these products to incorporate carbon dioxide into sugars like glucose.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of glucose. It occurs in two stages: the light-dependent reactions where light energy is captured to make ATP and NADPH, and the Calvin cycle where ATP and NADPH are used to incorporate carbon from carbon dioxide into organic molecules to make sugars. The light reactions take place in the chloroplasts in plant cells, where photosystems capture light and use it to split water, releasing electrons that power the production of ATP and NADPH.
Unit 1 photosynthesis rvoo
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of glucose. It occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells, specifically in the thylakoid membranes. The light-dependent reaction uses energy from sunlight to convert water to oxygen and hydrogen, producing ATP and NADPH. These products are then used in the light-independent Calvin cycle to incorporate carbon from carbon dioxide into organic molecules to form glucose. Photosynthesis provides nutrients and oxygen for heterotrophs and is essential for life on Earth.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants and other autotrophs convert sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water into glucose and oxygen. It occurs in two stages - the light reactions where light energy is absorbed to produce ATP and NADPH, and the dark reactions where carbon is fixed into sugars using the energy from the light reactions. Chloroplasts in plant leaves are where photosynthesis takes place, using pigments like chlorophyll to capture sunlight and membranes like the thylakoid to trap the energy and carry out the chemical reactions.
Light independent reactions of photosynthesis
The Calvin cycle is the light-independent reaction of photosynthesis that converts the energy from ATP and NADPH produced during the light-dependent reactions into glucose. The cycle begins with carbon dioxide reacting with the five-carbon sugar RuBP to form an unstable six-carbon intermediate. This intermediate is then reduced and regenerated into two molecules of the three-carbon compound PGA. PGA is then converted into G3P using energy from ATP and NADPH, and G3P can be used to produce glucose or regenerate RuBP, using ATP.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis occurs in two phases in the chloroplast - the light reaction and the dark reaction. In the light reaction, which takes place in the grana, light energy is converted to chemical energy stored as ATP molecules. Water is split into hydrogen and oxygen, with oxygen being released and hydrogen used in the dark reaction. The dark reaction, which occurs in the stroma, uses the ATP and hydrogen to add hydrogen to carbon dioxide to form glucose without the use of sunlight.
Photosynthesis Overview
Photosynthesis uses energy from sunlight, captured by the pigment chlorophyll in chloroplasts, to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich sugars. Electrons produced during light absorption are transferred by electron carrier molecules like NADPH to drive the chemical reactions that ultimately fix carbon into sugars. The overall equation for photosynthesis is: carbon dioxide + water + light energy → sugars + oxygen.
Photosynthesis PowerPoint
Photosynthesis converts sunlight into chemical energy through a series of light-dependent and light-independent reactions. The light reactions use energy from sunlight to produce ATP and NADPH, which provide energy and electrons to drive the Calvin cycle. The Calvin cycle fixes carbon from carbon dioxide into organic three-carbon sugars like glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, using the ATP and NADPH produced in the light reactions. One sugar molecule is used for growth, while five are recycled to regenerate the starter molecule for the next round of the Calvin cycle.
Process of Photosynthesis
The document summarizes the process of photosynthesis, which occurs in two main stages. The light-dependent reactions use energy from sunlight to convert water to oxygen and produce ATP and NADPH. The light-independent reactions then use ATP and NADPH to convert carbon dioxide into glucose through a series of enzyme-mediated steps known as the Calvin cycle, resulting in the regeneration of RuBP to begin the process again.
Photosynthesis honors master
This document provides an overview of photosynthesis, including essential questions, important vocabulary terms, the structure and function of leaves, chloroplasts, and the two main stages - the light reactions and light-independent reactions (also called the Calvin cycle). The light reactions use light energy to produce ATP and NADPH. The Calvin cycle uses these products to incorporate carbon dioxide into organic molecules to produce glucose. Factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis such as light intensity, temperature, carbon dioxide and oxygen levels are also discussed.
Unit 6 energy, respiration and photosynthesis A Level
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen. It involves two stages: the light-dependent reactions where ATP and NADPH are produced, and the light-independent reactions of the Calvin cycle where glucose is produced from carbon dioxide using ATP and NADPH. The light reactions take place in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and use energy from sunlight to drive the synthesis of ATP and NADPH via photophosphorylation.
8.2 Photosynthesis 2014
Photosynthesis allows plants to convert sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. It occurs in two phases within the chloroplast - the light dependent reactions where ATP and NADPH are produced, and the light independent Calvin cycle where glucose is assembled from carbon dioxide using ATP and NADPH. The overall equation is carbon dioxide + water + energy (sunlight) → glucose + oxygen.
Respiration in higher plants
1. The document discusses cellular respiration in plants. It defines respiration as the process by which organisms obtain energy by combining oxygen and glucose.
2. Photosynthesis provides plants with oxygen and organic compounds through chloroplasts, while respiration breaks down these compounds in cytoplasm and mitochondria to release energy through ATP.
3. The process of respiration involves glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm and partially oxidizes glucose to pyruvate, the Krebs cycle fully oxidizes pyruvate in the mitochondria producing carbon dioxide, and the electron transport chain uses oxygen to produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
C3 cycle
The C3 cycle, also known as the Calvin cycle, occurs in the dark phase of photosynthesis and involves fixing carbon dioxide into organic molecules like glucose. It consists of three main stages: fixation, reduction, and regeneration. During fixation, the enzyme rubisco incorporates CO2 into ribulose bisphosphate, producing two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate. These are then reduced using ATP and NADPH in the reduction stage. Finally, the cycle is regenerated as the original ribulose bisphosphate is reformed, allowing it to fix another CO2. The C3 cycle is essential for carbon assimilation in photosynthesis and the primary producer of organic compounds and food energy in plants. It occurs in all photosynthetic organisms
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration involves the breakdown of glucose to extract energy in the form of ATP. It occurs in three main stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis breaks down glucose into pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP. The Krebs cycle further oxidizes pyruvate and produces more ATP and energy carriers like NADH and FADH2. Finally, the electron transport chain uses these carriers to pump protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, building up a proton gradient. ATP synthase uses this gradient to produce large amounts of ATP through chemiosmosis. The overall process extracts energy from glucose and transfers it to ATP to fuel cellular work.
Photosynthesis
Simplified version of Photosynthesis for STEM 11 students. General Biology 11. LU-SHS.
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/18sqPAYI9tHsI9iwfqCsBGoafjOoOQgI8pC3uFZNnN80/edit?usp=sharing
ATP, Photosynthesis, and Cellular Respiration
This document discusses energy flow through photosynthesis and cellular respiration. It begins by defining energy and the different forms it can take, including chemical energy stored in ATP. Photosynthesis uses light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen through two reactions - the light-dependent reaction where ATP is produced, and the Calvin cycle where glucose is formed. Cellular respiration breaks down glucose and uses oxygen to release the energy stored in ATP through three stages - glycolysis, the Krebs cycle in the mitochondria, and the electron transport chain where a large amount of ATP is generated to store energy from food.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and cyanobacteria use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. It occurs in two phases: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions. The light reactions capture energy from sunlight and use it to make ATP and NADPH. The Calvin cycle uses these products to incorporate carbon from carbon dioxide into organic compounds to fuel the plant. Some plants use alternative pathways like C4 or CAM photosynthesis that help reduce photorespiration and increase water use efficiency.
Photosynthesis
This document summarizes photosynthesis and the structures and processes involved. It defines key terms like autotrophs, heterotrophs, and chloroplasts. It describes how chloroplasts enable photosynthesis through structures like the grana and stroma. The light-dependent and light-independent stages are outlined, including the roles of water, photophosphorylation, and the Calvin Cycle. Limiting factors like temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, and light intensity are also discussed.
Photosynthesis
this presentation is made when my teacher asks me to make a presentation of what I learned in proper use of presentation....
Energy and Photosynthesis
Energy is essential for life and is stored in ATP molecules through photosynthesis. Photosynthesis occurs in two phases: the light-dependent reactions where sunlight is absorbed by chloroplasts to produce ATP and NADPH, and the light-independent Calvin cycle where ATP and NADPH are used to incorporate carbon dioxide into sugars. The light reactions take place in the thylakoid membrane and use chlorophyll to absorb sunlight and split water, producing oxygen and energized electrons. The Calvin cycle takes place in the chloroplast stroma and uses the energy from the light reactions to reduce carbon dioxide into glucose, recycling ADP and NADP+ back to the light reactions.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis involves two main stages - the light reactions and dark reactions. In the light reactions, chlorophyll in chloroplasts absorbs sunlight to split water, producing oxygen and energized electrons. These electrons are used to produce ATP and NADPH through an electron transport chain. In the dark reactions, ATP and NADPH are used to fix carbon dioxide and produce glucose through the Calvin cycle. Six turns of the Calvin cycle are required to fix one molecule of carbon dioxide into glucose. Photosynthesis provides organic compounds for growth and energy storage in plants.
Cell energy 1: Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of glucose. It occurs in two stages: the light-dependent reactions where light energy is captured to make ATP and NADPH, and the light-independent reactions where carbon dioxide is incorporated into organic compounds to make glucose. The rate of photosynthesis depends on factors like light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, and amount of chlorophyll present. Photosynthesis is essential as it provides the primary source of energy and organic molecules on Earth.
Cellular Respiration presentation by Maria Rashid
Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions that convert nutrients into ATP and then release waste products. It occurs through aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and has four stages: glycolysis, the transition reaction, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. The Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix and converts acetyl groups from glycolysis into carbon dioxide. Through redox reactions, the electron transport chain uses protons to produce most of the ATP generated by cellular respiration. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are reverse processes, with photosynthesis using sunlight to fix carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen.
Module 7 lesson1 general biology i v.1.2
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1lG3n8ZVkTABTaV3t6eCVxKjIKzAH2vq_CWa-5E8C2AY/edit?usp=sharing
Respiration
The document defines and explains the stages of aerobic respiration including glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis breaks down glucose to produce pyruvate and ATP. The Krebs cycle further breaks down pyruvate to produce NADH, FADH2, ATP, and carbon dioxide. The electron transport chain uses NADH and FADH2 to produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. In total, the complete aerobic respiration of one glucose molecule produces approximately 30-32 molecules of ATP.
Respiration for UG students
The document summarizes plant cellular respiration and its four main parts: glycolysis, oxidation of pyruvate, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. It provides details on where each part occurs in the cell, with glycolysis taking place in the cytosol and the remaining three parts occurring in the mitochondrial matrix. Key products and reactions of each part are described. The roles of the mitochondria and components like NADH, FADH2, and ATP in facilitating energy production during respiration are also summarized.
Unit 4 energy
Energy is the ability to do work and can be transformed from one form to another, not created or destroyed. Cells store and release energy from biochemical reactions using ATP, which is produced through photosynthesis in plants or cellular respiration in animals and plants. Photosynthesis converts light energy to chemical energy stored in sugars, while cellular respiration releases energy from sugars through a series of redox reactions to ultimately produce ATP.
8-3 the reactions of photosynthesis
1. The document describes the process of photosynthesis, including the light-dependent and light-independent reactions that take place in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
2. The light-dependent reactions use energy from sunlight to convert water to oxygen and produce ATP and NADPH using the electron transport chain located in the thylakoid membranes.
3. The light-independent Calvin cycle then uses the ATP and NADPH products to fix carbon dioxide and produce glucose and other carbohydrates in the chloroplast stroma.
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Photosynthesis PowerPoint
Photosynthesis converts sunlight into chemical energy through a series of light-dependent and light-independent reactions. The light reactions use energy from sunlight to produce ATP and NADPH, which provide energy and electrons to drive the Calvin cycle. The Calvin cycle fixes carbon from carbon dioxide into organic three-carbon sugars like glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate, using the ATP and NADPH produced in the light reactions. One sugar molecule is used for growth, while five are recycled to regenerate the starter molecule for the next round of the Calvin cycle.
Process of Photosynthesis
The document summarizes the process of photosynthesis, which occurs in two main stages. The light-dependent reactions use energy from sunlight to convert water to oxygen and produce ATP and NADPH. The light-independent reactions then use ATP and NADPH to convert carbon dioxide into glucose through a series of enzyme-mediated steps known as the Calvin cycle, resulting in the regeneration of RuBP to begin the process again.
Photosynthesis honors master
This document provides an overview of photosynthesis, including essential questions, important vocabulary terms, the structure and function of leaves, chloroplasts, and the two main stages - the light reactions and light-independent reactions (also called the Calvin cycle). The light reactions use light energy to produce ATP and NADPH. The Calvin cycle uses these products to incorporate carbon dioxide into organic molecules to produce glucose. Factors that can affect the rate of photosynthesis such as light intensity, temperature, carbon dioxide and oxygen levels are also discussed.
Unit 6 energy, respiration and photosynthesis A Level
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen. It involves two stages: the light-dependent reactions where ATP and NADPH are produced, and the light-independent reactions of the Calvin cycle where glucose is produced from carbon dioxide using ATP and NADPH. The light reactions take place in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts and use energy from sunlight to drive the synthesis of ATP and NADPH via photophosphorylation.
8.2 Photosynthesis 2014
Photosynthesis allows plants to convert sunlight, carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen. It occurs in two phases within the chloroplast - the light dependent reactions where ATP and NADPH are produced, and the light independent Calvin cycle where glucose is assembled from carbon dioxide using ATP and NADPH. The overall equation is carbon dioxide + water + energy (sunlight) → glucose + oxygen.
Respiration in higher plants
1. The document discusses cellular respiration in plants. It defines respiration as the process by which organisms obtain energy by combining oxygen and glucose.
2. Photosynthesis provides plants with oxygen and organic compounds through chloroplasts, while respiration breaks down these compounds in cytoplasm and mitochondria to release energy through ATP.
3. The process of respiration involves glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis occurs in the cytoplasm and partially oxidizes glucose to pyruvate, the Krebs cycle fully oxidizes pyruvate in the mitochondria producing carbon dioxide, and the electron transport chain uses oxygen to produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation.
C3 cycle
The C3 cycle, also known as the Calvin cycle, occurs in the dark phase of photosynthesis and involves fixing carbon dioxide into organic molecules like glucose. It consists of three main stages: fixation, reduction, and regeneration. During fixation, the enzyme rubisco incorporates CO2 into ribulose bisphosphate, producing two molecules of 3-phosphoglycerate. These are then reduced using ATP and NADPH in the reduction stage. Finally, the cycle is regenerated as the original ribulose bisphosphate is reformed, allowing it to fix another CO2. The C3 cycle is essential for carbon assimilation in photosynthesis and the primary producer of organic compounds and food energy in plants. It occurs in all photosynthetic organisms
Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration involves the breakdown of glucose to extract energy in the form of ATP. It occurs in three main stages: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis breaks down glucose into pyruvate, producing a small amount of ATP. The Krebs cycle further oxidizes pyruvate and produces more ATP and energy carriers like NADH and FADH2. Finally, the electron transport chain uses these carriers to pump protons across the inner mitochondrial membrane, building up a proton gradient. ATP synthase uses this gradient to produce large amounts of ATP through chemiosmosis. The overall process extracts energy from glucose and transfers it to ATP to fuel cellular work.
Photosynthesis
Simplified version of Photosynthesis for STEM 11 students. General Biology 11. LU-SHS.
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/18sqPAYI9tHsI9iwfqCsBGoafjOoOQgI8pC3uFZNnN80/edit?usp=sharing
ATP, Photosynthesis, and Cellular Respiration
This document discusses energy flow through photosynthesis and cellular respiration. It begins by defining energy and the different forms it can take, including chemical energy stored in ATP. Photosynthesis uses light energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into glucose and oxygen through two reactions - the light-dependent reaction where ATP is produced, and the Calvin cycle where glucose is formed. Cellular respiration breaks down glucose and uses oxygen to release the energy stored in ATP through three stages - glycolysis, the Krebs cycle in the mitochondria, and the electron transport chain where a large amount of ATP is generated to store energy from food.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and cyanobacteria use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. It occurs in two phases: the light-dependent reactions and the light-independent reactions. The light reactions capture energy from sunlight and use it to make ATP and NADPH. The Calvin cycle uses these products to incorporate carbon from carbon dioxide into organic compounds to fuel the plant. Some plants use alternative pathways like C4 or CAM photosynthesis that help reduce photorespiration and increase water use efficiency.
Photosynthesis
This document summarizes photosynthesis and the structures and processes involved. It defines key terms like autotrophs, heterotrophs, and chloroplasts. It describes how chloroplasts enable photosynthesis through structures like the grana and stroma. The light-dependent and light-independent stages are outlined, including the roles of water, photophosphorylation, and the Calvin Cycle. Limiting factors like temperature, carbon dioxide concentration, and light intensity are also discussed.
Photosynthesis
this presentation is made when my teacher asks me to make a presentation of what I learned in proper use of presentation....
Energy and Photosynthesis
Energy is essential for life and is stored in ATP molecules through photosynthesis. Photosynthesis occurs in two phases: the light-dependent reactions where sunlight is absorbed by chloroplasts to produce ATP and NADPH, and the light-independent Calvin cycle where ATP and NADPH are used to incorporate carbon dioxide into sugars. The light reactions take place in the thylakoid membrane and use chlorophyll to absorb sunlight and split water, producing oxygen and energized electrons. The Calvin cycle takes place in the chloroplast stroma and uses the energy from the light reactions to reduce carbon dioxide into glucose, recycling ADP and NADP+ back to the light reactions.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis involves two main stages - the light reactions and dark reactions. In the light reactions, chlorophyll in chloroplasts absorbs sunlight to split water, producing oxygen and energized electrons. These electrons are used to produce ATP and NADPH through an electron transport chain. In the dark reactions, ATP and NADPH are used to fix carbon dioxide and produce glucose through the Calvin cycle. Six turns of the Calvin cycle are required to fix one molecule of carbon dioxide into glucose. Photosynthesis provides organic compounds for growth and energy storage in plants.
Cell energy 1: Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of glucose. It occurs in two stages: the light-dependent reactions where light energy is captured to make ATP and NADPH, and the light-independent reactions where carbon dioxide is incorporated into organic compounds to make glucose. The rate of photosynthesis depends on factors like light intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, temperature, and amount of chlorophyll present. Photosynthesis is essential as it provides the primary source of energy and organic molecules on Earth.
Cellular Respiration presentation by Maria Rashid
Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions that convert nutrients into ATP and then release waste products. It occurs through aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Aerobic respiration requires oxygen and has four stages: glycolysis, the transition reaction, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. The Krebs cycle occurs in the mitochondrial matrix and converts acetyl groups from glycolysis into carbon dioxide. Through redox reactions, the electron transport chain uses protons to produce most of the ATP generated by cellular respiration. Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are reverse processes, with photosynthesis using sunlight to fix carbon dioxide into glucose and oxygen.
Module 7 lesson1 general biology i v.1.2
CELLULAR RESPIRATION
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1lG3n8ZVkTABTaV3t6eCVxKjIKzAH2vq_CWa-5E8C2AY/edit?usp=sharing
Respiration
The document defines and explains the stages of aerobic respiration including glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. Glycolysis breaks down glucose to produce pyruvate and ATP. The Krebs cycle further breaks down pyruvate to produce NADH, FADH2, ATP, and carbon dioxide. The electron transport chain uses NADH and FADH2 to produce ATP through oxidative phosphorylation. In total, the complete aerobic respiration of one glucose molecule produces approximately 30-32 molecules of ATP.
Respiration for UG students
The document summarizes plant cellular respiration and its four main parts: glycolysis, oxidation of pyruvate, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain. It provides details on where each part occurs in the cell, with glycolysis taking place in the cytosol and the remaining three parts occurring in the mitochondrial matrix. Key products and reactions of each part are described. The roles of the mitochondria and components like NADH, FADH2, and ATP in facilitating energy production during respiration are also summarized.
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Unit 6 energy, respiration and photosynthesis A Level
Unit 6 energy, respiration and photosynthesis A Level
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Unit 4 energy
Energy is the ability to do work and can be transformed from one form to another, not created or destroyed. Cells store and release energy from biochemical reactions using ATP, which is produced through photosynthesis in plants or cellular respiration in animals and plants. Photosynthesis converts light energy to chemical energy stored in sugars, while cellular respiration releases energy from sugars through a series of redox reactions to ultimately produce ATP.
8-3 the reactions of photosynthesis
1. The document describes the process of photosynthesis, including the light-dependent and light-independent reactions that take place in the chloroplasts of plant cells.
2. The light-dependent reactions use energy from sunlight to convert water to oxygen and produce ATP and NADPH using the electron transport chain located in the thylakoid membranes.
3. The light-independent Calvin cycle then uses the ATP and NADPH products to fix carbon dioxide and produce glucose and other carbohydrates in the chloroplast stroma.
07 Lecture Ppt
Cellular respiration is a redox reaction that breaks down glucose and other substrates to capture energy in the form of ATP. It has four phases: glycolysis, the preparatory reaction, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain. These phases occur both in the cytoplasm and in the mitochondria, and involve the oxidation of substrates and production of NADH and FADH2 to carry electrons through the electron transport chain. This establishes a proton gradient that drives ATP synthase to produce ATP through chemiosmosis. The process fully oxidizes one glucose molecule into 6 CO2, 6 H2O, and produces up to 36-38 ATP.
06 Lecture Ppt
Photosynthesis converts solar energy into chemical energy through two main stages. In the light reactions, solar energy is absorbed by chloroplasts and used to produce ATP and NADPH. In the Calvin cycle, ATP and NADPH fuel the reduction of carbon dioxide into carbohydrates like glucose. Plants use different pathways like C3, C4, and CAM to optimize photosynthesis under different conditions. Deforestation reduces carbon dioxide absorption from the atmosphere, contributing to global warming.
5. Photosynthesis
The document summarizes key concepts about photosynthesis from higher biology. It discusses the role of light and photosynthetic pigments in leaves, the light-dependent and carbon fixation stages of photosynthesis, and the detailed structure of chloroplasts. It also addresses light absorption by leaves, absorption spectra, action spectra, and the word and balanced equations for photosynthesis.
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis and respiration are reactions that complement each other in the environment. They are in reality the same reactions but occurring in reverse. While in photosynthesis carbon dioxide and water yield glucose andoxygen, through the respiration process glucose and oxygen yield carbon dioxide and water.
They work well since living organisms supply plants with carbon dioxide which undergoes photosynthesis and produces glucose and these plants and bacteriagive out oxygen which all living organisms need for respiration.
Photosynthesis is a process that converts carbon dioxide into organic compounds in presence of sunlight. Respiration is the set of metabolic reactions that take in cells of living organisms that convert nutrients like sugar into ATP (adenosine tri phosphate) and waste products.
Processes in photosynthesis are divided on basis of requirement of sunlight while respiration processes are divided on basis of requirement of oxygen. Hence in photosynthesis you have the light dependent reactions and the dark reactions while inrespiration there is aerobic respiration and anaerobic respiration.
In photosynthesis light dependent reactions, ultra violet light strikes chlorophyll pigments which excites electrons leading to separation of oxygen molecules from carbon dioxide. In the dark reactions, carbon molecules now independent of oxygen are converted into carbohydrates and stored in plant cells as energy and food source. In aerobic cellular respiration oxygen is utilized to convert organic compounds into energy and in anaerobic respiration converts organic compounds into energy without using oxygen.
Chapter 7 Powerpoint Le
The document discusses different types of photosynthesis including C3, C4, and CAM photosynthesis. It explains the light reactions and Calvin cycle of C3 photosynthesis. The light reactions produce ATP and NADPH through noncyclic and cyclic electron pathways in the thylakoid membranes. The Calvin cycle uses the ATP and NADPH to fix carbon dioxide and reduce it to produce carbohydrates. It also describes how C4 and CAM photosynthesis have adaptations that allow them to more efficiently fix carbon dioxide in hot or dry environments.
Photosynthesis
This PowerPoint presentation focuses on capturing the energy in light and the Calvin Cycle. Colorful diagrams and illustrations appear throughout the presentation and the following topics are addressed:
* Plant Cell Structure
* Photosynthesis Equations
* Biochemical Pathways
* 5 Steps of the Electron Transport System
* 3 Steps of the Calvin Cycle
This presentation was created by Stacey Odum in Richmond County, GA.
Photosynthesis 100503122339-phpapp01
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of glucose. It occurs in the chloroplasts in leaves, where chlorophyll and other pigments absorb sunlight and use its energy to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and glucose. This glucose is used by the plant as an energy source or is stored for later use. Photosynthesis provides a primary source of energy for all living things and releases oxygen into the atmosphere.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. It takes place in two stages - the light reactions where light energy is captured to make ATP and NADPH, and the dark reactions where ATP and NADPH are used to incorporate carbon from CO2 into organic compounds like glucose. The chloroplast is the organelle where photosynthesis takes place, containing chlorophyll pigments in the thylakoid membranes which absorb light energy to drive the light-dependent reactions.
Respiration and Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis and respiration are closely related processes. Photosynthesis produces energy through chloroplasts in plants, while respiration uses this energy in mitochondria of cells. There are two types of respiration - aerobic respiration requires oxygen and occurs in mitochondria, while anaerobic respiration does not require oxygen and includes lactic acid fermentation in muscles and alcohol fermentation in rising bread.
Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration (An Introduction)
The document provides an agenda and objectives for a biology lesson on photosynthesis and cellular respiration. It will compare and contrast the two metabolic processes, define them, and classify them as types of metabolism. Photosynthesis converts sunlight into glucose in chloroplasts, while cellular respiration breaks down glucose to release energy in mitochondria. Both processes involve the reactants of carbon dioxide and water and the products of carbon dioxide and water but differ in whether energy is absorbed from sunlight or released as ATP.
Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis
A narrated power-point presentation that describes the processes of Cellular Respiration and Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis
The document discusses photosynthesis and how it is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of glucose. It explains that chloroplasts are the sites of photosynthesis and contain chlorophyll, which absorbs sunlight that is converted to chemical energy. The light reactions use sunlight to make ATP and NADPH, while the dark reactions, such as the Calvin Cycle, use this energy to fix carbon from carbon dioxide into organic molecules like glucose. Photosynthesis is essential as it produces oxygen and feeds the base of the food chain.
Cellular respiration
Cellular respiration is the process that releases energy from glucose and other molecules with oxygen. It occurs in the mitochondria and produces ATP, which cells use to power chemical reactions. There are two types of respiration - aerobic respiration uses oxygen to produce a large amount of ATP, while anaerobic respiration does not use oxygen and produces only a small amount of ATP through fermentation. Overall, cellular respiration breaks down glucose to produce water, carbon dioxide, and 36 ATP molecules.
Photosynthesis Powerpoint
For this assignment, we were instructed to create a powerpoint presentation of at least 12 slides that adequately covered an academic subject of our choice. All sources for media is cited in the work cited at the end of the presentation.
Biology - Chp 8 - Photosynthesis - PowerPoint
This document provides an overview of photosynthesis. It explains that plants get their energy from sunlight through the process of photosynthesis, where carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight are converted into glucose and oxygen. Chlorophyll is the pigment in plants that absorbs light energy. The reactions of photosynthesis are divided into light-dependent reactions, which take place in thylakoid membranes and produce ATP and NADPH, and light-independent reactions called the Calvin cycle, which use these products to produce sugars. Factors like water availability, temperature, and light intensity can affect photosynthesis.
Chapter 6 - Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis involves two main stages - the light reactions where light energy is converted to chemical energy stored in ATP and NADPH, and the Calvin cycle where carbon dioxide and this chemical energy are used to produce sugars like glucose. It is the most important chemical reaction on Earth because it provides the primary source of energy for nearly all living things through oxygen production and by forming organic compounds from carbon dioxide and water using sunlight.
Power Point 5.1: Cell Energy (Photosynthesis & Respiration)
1) Plants use photosynthesis to capture energy from sunlight and produce glucose food from carbon dioxide and water, while animals obtain energy by eating plants or other animals.
2) Cells release energy stored in food through cellular respiration using oxygen, or through fermentation when oxygen is unavailable.
3) Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are opposite but complementary processes - photosynthesis produces oxygen and food, while cellular respiration consumes oxygen and food to release energy.
Photosynthesis
The document provides an overview of photosynthesis, including:
1) The importance of autotrophs in providing energy and carbon compounds for all organisms and oxygenating the atmosphere.
2) An overview of the light-dependent and light-independent reactions of photosynthesis, which use energy from sunlight to produce oxygen and carbohydrates from carbon dioxide and water.
3) The structures of leaves and chloroplasts that are important sites for photosynthesis.
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Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration (An Introduction)
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Photosynthesis (1).pdf
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce glucose and oxygen. It occurs in two stages - the light-dependent reaction which uses sunlight to produce ATP and NADPH through the electron transport chain in the chloroplast, and the light-independent reaction (Calvin cycle) which uses the ATP and NADPH to incorporate carbon from carbon dioxide into organic compounds to produce glucose. Photosynthesis is essential for life on Earth as it provides the oxygen needed for respiration and removes carbon dioxide from the atmosphere.
15_Photosynthesis.pdf
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of glucose. Chlorophyll, located in chloroplasts, absorbs sunlight and uses it to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-rich glucose. Two stages occur - the light-dependent reactions where ATP and NADPH are produced, and the light-independent reactions where carbon is incorporated into carbohydrates like glucose using the ATP and NADPH produced in the light reactions.
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration
Photosynthesis and cellular respiration are important biological processes. Photosynthesis occurs in plant leaves and uses carbon dioxide, water, and sunlight to produce glucose and oxygen. It has two stages - the light dependent reactions where ATP and NADPH are produced, and the light independent reactions where carbon is fixed and sugars are assembled. Cellular respiration uses oxygen and glucose to produce ATP through three stages - glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation which takes place in mitochondria.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of glucose. Chlorophyll in the chloroplasts absorbs light which is used to convert carbon dioxide and water into oxygen and energy-storing molecules like glucose. The byproducts of photosynthesis like oxygen and glucose are essential for other organisms to survive.
Photosynthesis And Cellular Respiration Notes New
1. Photosynthesis uses energy from sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce glucose and oxygen through a two-phase process of light-dependent and light-independent reactions.
2. Cellular respiration breaks down glucose and other food molecules to produce ATP through three main stages: glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain.
3. Both processes are essential for life - photosynthesis provides energy for plants and produces oxygen and glucose as an energy source for cellular respiration in plants and animals.
Calvins-cycle.pdf for stem students future
The Calvin cycle is the set of reactions in photosynthesis that uses energy from sunlight to fix carbon dioxide and produce glucose and other carbohydrates. The cycle has three stages: 1) carbon fixation using the enzyme RuBisCO to incorporate CO2 into an organic molecule, 2) reduction of the organic molecule using ATP and NADPH, 3) regeneration of RuBP to restart the cycle. Through multiple turns of the Calvin cycle, six molecules of CO2 are fixed to produce one molecule of glucose.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce oxygen and energy in the form of sugar. It occurs in two stages: the light-dependent reactions in the chloroplasts absorb sunlight and split water, producing oxygen and energized molecules. The Calvin cycle then uses this energy to fix carbon from carbon dioxide into organic compounds like glucose. Chlorophyll and other pigments capture sunlight and transfer the energy through electron transport chains to produce ATP and NADPH, which power the Calvin cycle to reduce carbon dioxide into sugars.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis converts light energy to chemical energy through a series of complex reactions. Chlorophyll and other pigments in chloroplasts absorb light which is used to split water and produce oxygen. This provides electrons and hydrogen used to reduce NADP and produce ATP through an electron transport chain. The Calvin cycle then uses ATP and NADPH to fix carbon dioxide and produce glucose or other carbohydrates as food for the plant. Environmental factors like light, temperature, and water availability can impact the rate of photosynthesis. Some plants have evolved C4 or CAM pathways to more efficiently fix carbon dioxide.
Photosynthesis lecture 3
Cyclic electron flow involves only photosystem I and generates ATP without producing NADPH or oxygen. It is called cyclic because excited electrons from chlorophyll a return to the reaction center. This process produces ATP through chemiosmosis. During cyclic electron flow, electrons ejected from P700 reach a state and then flow back to P700, producing ATP but not NADPH or oxygen.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of glucose. It takes place in chloroplasts and involves two stages - the light-dependent reactions where energy from sunlight is captured and converted to chemical energy in the form of ATP and NADPH, and the light-independent reactions where carbon dioxide is fixed into organic compounds like glucose using the ATP and NADPH produced in the light reactions. Many environmental factors like temperature, light intensity, water availability and carbon dioxide concentration can affect the rate of photosynthesis.
Dark reactions in plants
This document summarizes the process of photosynthesis, including its light-dependent and light-independent stages. It describes the Calvin cycle in detail, including the steps of carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration of RuBP. The Calvin cycle converts carbon dioxide and other products of the light reactions into glucose, which can then be used or stored by the plant. Alternative carbon fixation pathways like C4 and CAM photosynthesis are also summarized that allow plants to more efficiently fix carbon under different environmental conditions.
Photosynthes
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to produce oxygen and energy in the form of glucose. It occurs in two stages - the light-dependent reactions and the Calvin cycle. The light-dependent reactions use energy from sunlight to convert water to oxygen and produce ATP and NADPH. The Calvin cycle then uses the ATP and NADPH to fix carbon from carbon dioxide into organic molecules like glucose. Photosynthesis is essential for life as it produces the oxygen and food on which nearly all organisms depend.
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. It takes place in two stages - the light-dependent reactions where energy from sunlight is captured and converted to chemical energy, and the light-independent reactions where carbon dioxide is fixed into organic compounds like glucose. The light reactions take place in the thylakoid membranes inside the chloroplast and use water, light, chlorophyll, and other pigments and proteins to produce ATP and NADPH. These products are then used in the Calvin cycle which occurs in the chloroplast stroma and converts carbon dioxide into carbohydrates like glucose. Many environmental factors
Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, algae, and some bacteria use sunlight, water and carbon dioxide to produce oxygen and energy in the form of ATP and NADPH. It takes place in two stages - the light-dependent reactions where energy from sunlight is captured and converted to chemical energy, and the light-independent reactions where carbon dioxide is fixed into organic compounds like glucose. The light reactions take place in the thylakoid membranes inside the chloroplast and use water, light, chlorophyll, and other pigments and proteins to produce ATP and NADPH. These products are then used in the Calvin cycle which occurs in the chloroplast stroma and converts carbon dioxide into carbohydrates like glucose. Many environmental factors
Chapter 10 Metabolism
This document summarizes key processes in plant metabolism. It discusses photosynthesis, including the light-dependent and light-independent reactions, as well as C4 and CAM photosynthesis. It also describes cellular respiration, including glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation. Enzymes regulate metabolic activities like anabolism, catabolism, and oxidation-reduction reactions.
Process of Photosynthesis .pdf
The Calvin cycle is part of the light-independent reactions of photosynthesis. It occurs in the stroma of the chloroplast and involves three main stages: carboxylation, reduction, and regeneration. In carboxylation, CO2 is used to add carbon to RuBP, catalyzed by RuBisCO, forming two molecules of 3-PGA. In reduction, ATP and NADPH are used to convert the 3-PGA molecules into G3P. In regeneration, some G3P molecules are used to form glucose while others regenerate RuBP to continue the cycle.
Photosynthesis process (light and dark reactions)
1) Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts and involves two stages - the light reactions where sunlight is absorbed to make ATP and NADPH, and the Calvin cycle where CO2 is fixed using these products to make glucose.
2) The light reactions take place in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts where photosystems capture light and transfer electrons down a transport chain, powering ATP production. Oxygen is released from water.
3) The Calvin cycle takes place in the chloroplast stroma and uses the ATP and NADPH from the light reactions to incorporate CO2 into organic compounds, specifically glucose, in three steps of fixation, reduction, and regeneration.
The mechanisms of photosynthesis [Autosaved].pptx
Photosynthesis occurs in the chloroplasts of plant cells and involves two main stages:
1) The light reaction uses energy from sunlight to convert water to oxygen and produce ATP and NADPH
2) The dark reaction uses ATP and NADPH to reduce carbon dioxide from the air and produce glucose as an energy-rich organic compound. The chloroplast contains a double membrane with a liquid stroma matrix and embedded grana stacks of thylakoid membranes containing chlorophyll pigments that absorb light for photosynthesis.
Metabolisme 3
Photosynthesis occurs in plant leaves and involves two main phases: the light reactions and the dark reactions. In the light reactions, which take place in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts, light energy is absorbed by chlorophyll and used to convert water to oxygen and produce ATP and NADPH. In the dark reactions, also called the Calvin cycle, the ATP and NADPH produced in the light reactions are used to convert carbon dioxide into glucose in three main steps: carbon fixation, reduction, and regeneration. Photosynthesis provides the basic energy source for essentially all life on Earth.
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- 1. Photosynthesis BY: Katie Bell (aka Victoria Sobol)
- 2. Handy Definitions: 1. Chloroplasts are double membrane organelles with the an inner membrane folded into disc-shaped sacs called thylakoids. 2. Thylakoids, containing chlorophyll and other accessory pigments , are in stacks called granum. 3. Grana are connected to each other & surrounded by a gel-like material called stroma.
- 3. Light Dependent Reaction: (Light Reaction) Using energy from the sun, water; taken in through transcription, is split. Transcription is the process when water is pulled into a plant from the surface exposed to the out side, for example, how the water moves from sitting on a leaf to the inside of the leaf. Light from the sun hits the chloroplasts activating an enzyme which then breaks apart the water. When the water is broken down makes oxygen, hydrogen, and electrons. The hydrogen is converted into NADPH and then used in the independent reactions. The oxygen leaves the plant as a waste product. Electrons are passed through a series of carriers and adenosine triphosphate or ATP (energy) is produced. This process takes place in the thylakoids.
- 4. Light Independent Reaction: (Dark Reaction) The light independent reaction would not be possible without the light dependent reaction. During this process carbon dioxide is split which is then used to make sugars. The ending product is glucose. Even though this process depends on the products of light dependent reactions, light energy is not directly required. A process known as the Calvin Cycle is included. This reaction takes place in the stroma.
- 5. Calvin Cycle Step 1: - CO2 diffuses into the stroma from cytosol. - An enzyme combines a CO2 molecule with a five-carbon carbohydrate called RuBP. - The resulting six-carbon molecule then splits into a pair of three-carbon molecules called PGA. Step 2: -Each PGA molecule receives a phosphate group from a molecule of ATP. -This compound then receives a proton from NADPH and releases a phosphate group producing PGAL. -The reactions make ADP, NADP+, and phosphate which are used again in the Light Reactions. Step 3: -Most PGAL is converted back to RuBP to keep the Calvin cycle going. -Some PGAL leaves the Calvin Cycle and is used to make other organic compounds including amino acids, lipids, and carbohydrates. -PGAL serves as the starting material for the synthesis of glucose and fructose. -Glucose and fructose make the disaccharide sucrose, which travels in solution to other parts of the plant (e.g., fruit, roots).