Simplified version of Photosynthesis for STEM 11 students. General Biology 11. LU-SHS. https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/18sqPAYI9tHsI9iwfqCsBGoafjOoOQgI8pC3uFZNnN80/edit?usp=sharing

1. Photosynthesis

2. Photosynthesis is the process by which plants, some bacteria, and
some protistans use the energy from sunlight to produce sugar,
which cellular respiration converts into ATP, the "fuel" used by all
living things. The conversion of unusable sunlight energy into usable
chemical energy, is associated with the actions of the green pigment
chlorophyll.

3. During photosynthesis, autotrophs use the sun's energy to make
carbohydrate molecules from water and carbon dioxide, releasing
oxygen as a byproduct. The process of photosynthesis can be
summed up in the following chemical equation:

4. In this chemical equation the six-carbon sugar glucose is a product.
The energy stored in glucose and other carbohydrates can be used
later to produce ATP.

5. • Chloroplast is the site of
photosynthesis
• The light reactions are the steps of
photosynthesis that convert solar
energy to chemical energy.
• Setting: Thylakoid

6. • Chloroplast is the site of
photosynthesis
• The light reactions are the
steps of photosynthesis that
convert solar energy to
chemical energy.
• Setting: Thylakoid

7. • Chloroplast is the site of
photosynthesis
• The light reactions are the
steps of photosynthesis that
convert solar energy to
chemical energy.
• Setting: Thylakoid
• Photosystem: absorption
of light and the transfer of
energy and electrons
• Products: O2, ATP, NADPH PS II
PS I
ATP
Synthase

8. • The light independent
process takes place in the
stroma of the chloroplast;
ultimately produce organic
molecules from carbon
dioxide.
• Products: C6H12O6
PS II
PS I
ATP
Synthase

9. LDR
Stage 1.
• PS II absorbs sunlight and
electrons become excited.
PS II
PS I
ATP
Synthase
Sunlight

10. LDR
Stage 1.
• PS II absorbs sunlight and
electrons become excited.
• The thylakoid membrane
becomes negatively charged.
PS II
PS I
ATP
Synthase
Sunlight

11. LDR
Stage 1.
• PS II absorbs sunlight and
electrons become excited.
• The thylakoid membrane
becomes negatively charged.
• ‘Electron transport chain’
PS II
PS I
ATP
Synthase
Sunlight

12. LDR
Stage 2.
• Hydrogen ion will be pulled
into thylakoid
PS II
PS I
ATP
Synthase
Sunlight

13. LDR
Stage 2.
• Hydrogen ion will be pulled
into thylakoid
• Water molecules broken
• H2O electrons replenish the
photosystem
PS II
PS I
ATP
Synthase
Sunlight

14. LDR
Stage 2.
• Hydrogen ion will be pulled
into thylakoid
• Water molecules broken
• H2O electrons replenish the
photosystem
• Waste product released to
atmosphere
PS II
PS I
ATP
Synthase
Sunlight

15. LDR
Stage 3.
• PSI absorbs sunlight & e-
become exited again
PS II
PS I
ATP
Synthase
Sunlight
Sunlight

16. LDR
Stage 4.
• e- help bond NADP+ and H+ to
create NADPH
PS II
PS I
ATP
Synthase
Sunlight
Sunlight

17. LDR
Stage 4.
• e- help bond NADP+ and H+ to
create NADPH
• NADPH will be used in LIR
PS II
PS I
ATP
Synthase
Sunlight
Sunlight

18. LDR
Stage 5.
• H+ diffuses into the stroma
• H+ helps bond ADP + Pi to
create ATP
• ATP will be used later
PS II
PS I
ATP
Synthase
Sunlight
Sunlight

19. Output from LDR
• O2
• NADPH
• ATP
Sunlight
H2O
NADPH
ATP

20. LIR
Stage 1.
• The five carbon bonds with
CO2 from the atmosphere
bonds to make a short lived
bond six carbon molecule
ATP
Synthase

21. LIR
Stage 2.
• ATP & NADPH used.
• The six Carbon molecule
broken into two three Carbon
molecules
ATP
Synthase

22. LIR
Stage 3.
• Some three Carbon molecules
will bond to make glucose.
ATP
Synthase

23. LIR
Stage 3.
• Some three Carbon molecules
will bond to make glucose.
• Other three Carbon molecules
will recombine to make five
carbon molecule.
ATP
Synthase

24. Output from LIR
• C6H12O6
NADPH
ATP

25. Factors affecting the rate of Photosynthesis: