This document outlines the key considerations for developing an effective casing program. It discusses the different types of casings used, including conductor, surface, intermediate, production casing, and liners. The functions of each casing type are described. Important factors to determine casing setting depths are mentioned, such as formation pressures and stability, as well as factors for the production casing like completion method and expected production. The advantages of smaller hole sizes for cost reduction are balanced with the need for sufficient diameter for completion and production.
The sixth presentation of a series of presentations on Operations Geology. Very basic, just to introduce beginners to operations geology. I hope the end users will find this and the following presentations very helpful.
The sixth presentation of a series of presentations on Operations Geology. Very basic, just to introduce beginners to operations geology. I hope the end users will find this and the following presentations very helpful.
Drilling Operations of Ground Water Wells Up-Geologist Team Zagazig Univ 06-0...Mohamed _el_shora
Introduction about Hydrology.
Planning any project by scientific method.
Understand how Ground Water Wells Drilled.
Types of Pumping Test.
How you can Write the daily Report.
A summary presentation of a 7" Liner job, demonstrating different components, mechanisms of liner hanger and other string components. Then a quick hint about cementing operation and some extra components involved in the job like the Handling equipment, VAM HT, ...etc.
The construction site for the project will be a multi-story commercial dwelling with deep basement car park located in city centre at Smithfield where there is a high level of water content as it is in close proximity to the river Liffey, lack of space due to other buildings, traffic level are high and one way system is the only option. The design team have proposed ‘type C drained cavity’ basement that will consist of ‘secant piling system that has to be delivered in accordance with the project schedule.
his study outlines the critical design criteria necessary for ensuring the stability and safety of braced cuts in excavation projects. Evaluating soil properties, selecting appropriate bracing systems, and implementing effective monitoring and maintenance procedures are essential considerations. Compliance with regulations and adherence to industry standards further enhance excavation safety
VAT Registration Outlined In UAE: Benefits and Requirementsuae taxgpt
Vat Registration is a legal obligation for businesses meeting the threshold requirement, helping companies avoid fines and ramifications. Contact now!
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Company Valuation webinar series - Tuesday, 4 June 2024FelixPerez547899
This session provided an update as to the latest valuation data in the UK and then delved into a discussion on the upcoming election and the impacts on valuation. We finished, as always with a Q&A
Event Report - SAP Sapphire 2024 Orlando - lots of innovation and old challengesHolger Mueller
Holger Mueller of Constellation Research shares his key takeaways from SAP's Sapphire confernece, held in Orlando, June 3rd till 5th 2024, in the Orange Convention Center.
Improving profitability for small businessBen Wann
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Sustainability has become an increasingly critical topic as the world recognizes the need to protect our planet and its resources for future generations. Sustainability means meeting our current needs without compromising the ability of future generations to meet theirs. It involves long-term planning and consideration of the consequences of our actions. The goal is to create strategies that ensure the long-term viability of People, Planet, and Profit.
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES
1. Develop a comprehensive understanding of the fundamental principles and concepts that form the foundation of sustainability within corporate environments.
2. Explore the sustainability implementation model, focusing on effective measures and reporting strategies to track and communicate sustainability efforts.
3. Identify and define best practices and critical success factors essential for achieving sustainability goals within organizations.
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1. Introduction and Key Concepts of Sustainability
2. Principles and Practices of Sustainability
3. Measures and Reporting in Sustainability
4. Sustainability Implementation & Best Practices
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2. 1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Laminar Flow in Pipes and Annuli
Turbulent Flow in Pipes and Annuli
Pressure Drop Across Surface Connections
Pressure Drop Across Bit
Optimization of Bit Hydraulics
Particle Slip Velocity
3. Casing functions
Casing costs compromise
one of the largest cost items of the drilling project.
Therefore proper planning of
casing setting depths and casing selection is vital
to realize a cost effective and safe well.
The casings themselves fulfill multiple functions
that can be summarized as:
Isolate porous formations with different fluid-pressure
regimes from contaminating the pay zone,
Prevent near surface fresh water zones
from contamination with drilling mud,
Protect the hole from caving in,
Provide a connection and support of the wellhead equipment,
Provide exact dimensions for running
testing, completion and production subsurface equipment.
Fall 13 H. AlamiNia
Drilling Engineering 2 Course (1st Ed.)
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4. Casing Types
According to the different
functions,
the total casing program
consists of
different casings strings.
Conductor Casing
Surface Casing
Intermediate Casing
Production Casing
Liners
Fall 13 H. AlamiNia
Drilling Engineering 2 Course (1st Ed.)
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5. Conductor Casing
The function of the conductor is
to enable circulation of the drilling fluid to
the shale shakers without eroding
the surface sediments directly below the rig foundation.
The conductor prevents the subsequent casings from
corrosion and may partly support the wellhead weight.
Commonly a diverter is installed on top of the
conductor casing to divert an unexpected inflow
of formation fluids into the wellbore
away from the rig-site and the personal.
Conductor setting depths are
in the range of 150 to 600 [ft] (46-183 m),
their seizes range from 36 to 20 [in] (0.91-0.5 m).
Fall 13 H. AlamiNia
Drilling Engineering 2 Course (1st Ed.)
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6. Surface Casing
The function of the surface casing is
to prevent cave in of unconsolidated, weak near-surface formations
as well as protect the shallow, freshwater sands
from contamination with drilling mud.
As the conductors,
surface casing protects the subsequent casings from corrosion.
Before the surface casing is set,
no blow out preventers (BOP) are installed.
After setting the surface casing and installing the wellhead, a BOP is
available to handle kicks when drilling the intermediate hole section.
Surface casing setting depths are in the range
from 300 to 5,000 [ft] (91-1524 m),
their diameters range from 24 to 17-1/2 [in].
the surface casing setting depth is often determined by government
or company policy and not selected due to technical reasoning.
Fall 13 H. AlamiNia
Drilling Engineering 2 Course (1st Ed.)
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7. Intermediate Casing
The intermediate casing string
is a purely technical casing.
One or more may be necessary to handle abnormal
formation pressures, unstable shale formations, lost
circulation or cave-in zones.
An intermediate casing may also be necessary to realize
the planned mud weight profile.
When for example an abnormally pressured formation is
encountered, it may have to be protected by an intermediate
casing so when formation pressure of the formations below is
normal, a lower mud weight can be applied.
Intermediate casing diameters
range from 17-1/2 to 9- 5/8 [in].
Fall 13 H. AlamiNia
Drilling Engineering 2 Course (1st Ed.)
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8. Production Casing
The production casing is set through the
prospective production zone(s).
This casing string protects the environment
in case of production tubing failure and
permits the tubing string to be maintained or
replaced during the production life.
Commonly production casing and production liners
have gas-tight connections,
their diameters range from 9-5/8 to 5 [in].
A production casing diameter of 7 [in] is encountered often.
Fall 13 H. AlamiNia
Drilling Engineering 2 Course (1st Ed.)
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9. Liners
To save cost, the casing installed
sometimes doesn’t reach until the
surface but finishes within the
previous string.
Such a casing configuration is called
liner.
A liner is mounted on a so called
“liner hanger” to the previous casing
string.
Commonly the liner head is several
hundred feet into the previous
casing to enable a good cement seal.
Liner
Fall 13 H. AlamiNia
Drilling Engineering 2 Course (1st Ed.)
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10. Various typical casing programs
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Drilling Engineering 2 Course (1st Ed.)
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11. develop a casing program
To develop a casing program, first the various
casing setting depths have to be determined.
Since the primary reason to drill a well is
to produce hydrocarbons out of a reservoir,
the final casing inside diameters
have to be large enough to allow
for the forecasted completion and production schemes.
Factors like completion type
(open hole, cased hole, monobore production, etc.),
expected amount of production (production tubing seize),
expected production forecast (e.g. need of gas-lift, etc.) and
seize of evaluation tools to be run have to be considered.
In general, for production purposes
the well diameters shall be as large as possible.
Fall 13 H. AlamiNia
Drilling Engineering 2 Course (1st Ed.)
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12. Advantages of small hole sizes
On the other hand, as small as possible hole seizes
reduces the total cost of the well since:
drilling times are faster,
less mud has to be used (purchase and disposal of
mud),
smaller mud equipment can be used (cleaning, pumps, etc.),
smaller casings can be used (cheaper, higher strength at same
grade),
smaller rig can be applied (lighter casings, smaller mud
volume),
rig site can be smaller (especially important offshore and
platform types like TLP where weights are limited).
Out of this reason a technology called slim-hole drilling
was developed.
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Drilling Engineering 2 Course (1st Ed.)
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