Pulse Polio is an immunisation campaign established by the government of India to eliminate poliomyelitis (polio) in India by vaccinating all children under the age of five years against the polio virus.

1. PULSE POLIO
PULSE stands for Post Resuscitation And
Initial Utility In Life Saving Efforts
By:
Miss Sneha B. Gaurkar
Assistant Professor
DRGIOP , Amravati

2. Pulse Polio Immunization Campaign
• Pulse Polio is an immunisation campaign
established by the government of India to
eliminate poliomyelitis (polio) in India by
vaccinating all children under the age of five
years against the polio virus.
• The project fights polio through a large-
scale, pulse vaccination programme and
monitoring for poliomyelitis cases.

3. Pulse Polio Immunization Campaign in India
•1972-Vaccination against polio started with Expanded Programme on Immunization (EPI).
•1985- The Universal Immunization Programme (UIP) was launched to cover all the districts of
the country.
•1992- UIP became a part of Child Survival And Safe Motherhood Program (CSSM)
•1995- The Global Polio Eradication Initiative of the World Health Organization (1988), India
launched Pulse Polio immunization program with Universal Immunization Program which aimed
at 100% coverage.
•1997- UIP became a part of Reproductive and Child Health Program (RCH)
•2010- The number of reported cases of polio also declined from thousands during 1987 to 42 in
2010.
•2011- The last reported cases of wild polio in India were in West Bengal and Gujarat on 13
January 2011
•2014- On 27 March 2014, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared India a polio free
country, since no cases of wild polio been reported in for five years.

4. World Health Organization (WHO)
The WHO on February 24, 2012 removed india from the list of countries with active
endemic wild polio virus transmission.
•World Health Organization (WHO) defines the polio
or Poliomyelitis (polio) is a highly infectious viral
disease that largely affects children under 5 years of
age.
•The virus is transmitted by person-to-person spread
mainly through the faecal-oral route or, less frequently,
by a common vehicle (e.g. contaminated water or food)
and multiplies in the intestine, from where it can invade
the nervous system and cause paralysis.
•There is no cure for polio, it can only be prevented by
immunization.

5. WORLD POLIO DAY
•World Polio Day highlights the global efforts to end poliomyelitis
(polio) worldwide.
•Every year on 24 October, we observe World Polio Day to raise
awareness of the importance of polio vaccination to protect every
child from this devastating disease, and to celebrate the many
parents, professionals and volunteers whose contributions make
polio eradication achievable.
•To ensure a polio-free future for everyone, efforts must continue
to maintain high immunization coverage, implement high-quality
surveillance to detect any presence of the virus, and prepare to
respond in the event of an outbreak.
24 October

6. PULSE POLIO IMMUNIZATION AIMS
The Pulse Polio Initiative was started with an objective of achieving hundred per cent
coverage under Oral Polio Vaccine.
It aimed to immunize children through improved social mobilization, plan mop-up
operations in areas where poliovirus has almost disappeared and maintain high level of
morale among the public.
Replacement of wild Poliovirus in the community.
Intensified Pulse Polio Immunization Programme.
All children under the 5 year should be vaccined.
There should be three zones- Low burden, middle burden, high burden
Wild Poliovirus transmission is limited to a Focal area.
To interrupt transmission of wild polio virus as soon as possible

7. PREVENTIVE PULSE POLIO
The Pulse Polio Immunization (PPI) aims at covering every individual in
India. It aspires to reach even children in remote communities through an
improved social mobilization plan.
Not a single child should miss the immunization and leaving no chance of polio
occurrence.
Cases of acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) to be reported in time and stool specimens of
them to be collected within 14 days. Outbreak response immunization (ORI) to be
conducted as early as possible.
Maintaining a high level of surveillance.
Performance of good mop-up operations where polio has disappeared.[

8. STEPS INVOLVED
Set up of booths in all parts of India.
Initialising walk-in cold rooms, freezer rooms, deep freezers, ice-lined
refrigerators and cold boxes for a steady supply of vaccine to booths.
Arranging employees, volunteers, and vaccines.
Ensuring vaccine vial monitor on each vaccine vial.
Immunising children with OPV on national immunisation days.
Identifying missing children from immunisation process.
Surveillance of efficiency.

9. •While there is no cure for polio, it can be
prevented by taking vaccination at regular
intervals, up to the age of 5.
•For this, Government of India has taken the Pulse
Polio initiative to make sure that children below 5
years of age are given polio vaccine timely.
•To prevent the virus from coming to India, the
government has since March 2014 made the Oral
Polio Vaccination (OPV) mandatory for those
travelling between India and polio-affected
countries, such as Afghanistan, Nigeria, Pakistan,
Ethiopia, Kenya, Somalia, Syria and Cameroon
IS PULSE POLIO IS MANDATORY ?

10. CAUSES OF POLIO
The polio is caused by poliovirus.
The poliovirus is a member of a large family
known as Picornaviruses, Rhinoviruses.
Polio belongs to enteroviruses subgroup which
consists 70 viruses of Intestine.
It is one of the smallest RNA viruses.
Incubation Period is 3 days.
Period of communicability is 10 days.
Favorable environment is in the Rainy Season.

11. SYMPTOMS
Non Paralytic Polio
•Fever
•Sore Throat
•Headache
•Arm and leg pain
•Muscle tenderness
•Vomiting
•Problem swelling
Paralytic Polio
•Loss of reflexes
•Severe spasm
•Muscle pain
•High fever
•Much weakness
•Lack of appropriate
orthopedic bracing
•Sudden paralyze

12. FUTURE BENEFITS OF POLIO ERADICTION
•Once polio is eradicated, the world can celebrate not only the eradication
of a disease but the delivery of a global public good - something from
which every person, regardless of race, sex, ethnicity, economic status or
religious belief. can benefit for all time, no matter where they live.
•The humanitaran benefit is tremendous, as between 2002 and 2040, over
ten million new cases of pollo worldwide would manifest themselves.
Additionally, the savings of polio eradication are potentially as high as US
$1.5 billion per year funds that could be used to address other public health
priorities.