The document provides an overview of intrauterine devices (IUDs), which are small, T-shaped birth control devices inserted into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. It discusses various types of IUDs, including non-medicated and medicated versions, the mechanisms of action, insertion and removal procedures, along with the advantages and disadvantages associated with their use. Overall, IUDs are presented as a long-term, cost-effective contraceptive option, though they have potential risks and side effects.

1. PRESENTED BY-
SANDHYA KUMARI
M.Sc NURSING
AMITY UNIVERSITY

2. Introduction of Intra Uterine
Device
An intrauterine device (IUD), also known as intrauterine
contraceptive device (IUCD or ICD) or coil, is a small,
often T-shaped birth control device that is inserted
into the uterus to prevent pregnancy. IUDs are one
form of long-acting reversible birth control (LARC).

3. Mechanism of Action
 Copper-bearing IUDs is the prevention of fertilization.
The presence of the IUD in the uterine cavity creates a
local inflammatory reaction that appears to prevent
sperm from reaching the fallopian tubes.

4. Types of IUD’s
1. Non-medicated IUD’s: Contraceptive action by
producing sterile inflammatory response in Endometrium.
These are available in ring shaped IUD’s made up of s.s and
plastic fabricated form polyethylene, polypropylene.
2. Medicated IUD’s: - Copper IUD’s - Progesterone releasing
IUD’s

5. Copper bearing IUD’s
7-Shaped IUD: - Further development of the concept of intra-
uterine contraception by metallic copper has resulted in copper
barring IUD, which contains 89mg copper wire, wound around
the vertical limb of a 7-shaped polypropylene device, to give an
effective surface of approximately 200mm2 used for 3years as
intra-uterine contraceptive treatment.
• This device release copper ion at a mean daily dose of 9.87µg/day
continuously in the uterine cavity for up to 40months.
• The Cu-7 appears to be substantially smaller then other.
• It can be easily inserted because of it’s special 7-configuration in
addition to its small size.
• Insertion can usually be accomplished without the need for
cervical dilation and further more removal is generally painless.

6. CONTD-
T-Shaped IUD’s: T-shaped IUD containing 200mm2
contraceptive copper wire winding around the vertical leg
of a T-shaped polyethylene device in the manner as copper-
7 device.
• It is used for 3years of contraceptive treatment.
• This T-shaped device has a volume of 0.16cm3,which is
almost twice as large as the 7-shaped device.
New development of copper bearing IUD’s:
The Cu-T-380A with 2 collars of copper positioned on the
transverse arms of the letter T. Each collar provides an
additional surface area of 30mm2. It has relatively small
surface area of copper but effective than Cu-T-200.

8. MECHANISM OF ANTIFERTILITY
ACTION OF COPPER
• Copper is known to be cytotoxic in high concentration
it enhances the spermatocidal and spermato
depressive action of an IUD.
• The copper concentration in endometrial epithelium
and superficial stromata inhibits the binding of
steroids of their receptors.
• Cupric ion inhibits the binding of 17-β- estradiol to
human endometrial cytosol.
• Cupric ions shows only little effect on sperm motility.
• Copper wire was also “Blastocystocidal”.

9. Insertion Procedure
 The Doctor uses proper infection-prevention procedures. IUD
instruments.
 The Doctor conducts a pelvic examination to determine the
position of the uterus and assess eligibility.
 The Doctor first does the bimanual examination and then inserts
a speculum into the vagina to inspect the cervix.
 The Doctor cleans the cervix and vagina with appropriate
antiseptic.
 The Doctor slowly inserts the tenaculum through the speculum
and closes the tenaculum just enough to gently hold the cervix
and uterus steady.
 The Doctor slowly and gently passes the uterine sound through
the cervix to measure the depth and position of the uterus.

10. CONTD
 The Doctor loads the IUD into the inserter while both
are still in the unopened sterile package.
 The provider slowly and gently inserts the IUD into the
uterus and removes the inserter.
 The provider cuts the strings on the IUD, leaving about
3 centimeters hanging out of the cervix.
 After the insertion, the Client rests. She remains on
the examination table until she feels ready to get
dressed.

12. IUD Removal Procedure
 The provider inserts a speculum to see the cervix and IUD
strings and carefully cleans the cervix and vagina with an
antiseptic solution, such as iodine.
 The provider asks the woman to take slow, deep breaths
and to relax. The woman should say if she feels pain during
the procedure.
 Using narrow forceps, the provider pulls the IUD strings
slowly and gently until the IUD comes completely out of
the cervix.

14. Advantages of Intra uterine
Devices
 Provides long-term birth control.
 Cost effective.
 Can be removed when a woman would like to become
pregnant.
 Convenient - a woman does not need to remember it
daily or weekly.

15. Disadvantages of Intra uterine
Devices
 Between 2 and 10% fall out, most commonly in the
first year of use.
 Increased risk of miscarriage if an IUD is left in the
uterus during pregnancy.
 In rare cases, the IUD may attach to or perforate the
wall of the uterus.
 With the copper IUD, a woman may experience
heavier bleeding and cramping with periods.

16. THANK
YOU