This document provides an overview of critical path method (CPM) and program evaluation and review technique (PERT) project management tools. It discusses how CPM and PERT are used to plan network diagrams, estimate activity times, and identify critical paths. Key steps include describing the project, diagramming activities and relationships, calculating earliest and latest start/finish times, and monitoring progress. PERT additionally considers optimistic, most likely, and pessimistic time estimates to determine expected durations. Both tools help schedule projects and identify activities that could impact completion dates.
Project Management Techniques ( CPM & PERT Techniques )
A revised PPT from other shared PPT available
Project management is a scientific way of planning, implementing, monitoring & controlling the various aspects of a project such as time, money, materials, manpower & other resources.
By,
Mr. AKARESH JOSE
Kerala Agricultural University
akareshjose@gmail.com
Project Management Techniques ( CPM & PERT Techniques )
A revised PPT from other shared PPT available
Project management is a scientific way of planning, implementing, monitoring & controlling the various aspects of a project such as time, money, materials, manpower & other resources.
By,
Mr. AKARESH JOSE
Kerala Agricultural University
akareshjose@gmail.com
Traffic regulatory measures subjective assignment 2 - academic writingChockalingam T
The attached powerpoint presentation contains information about the Traffic Regulatory Measures. Prepared on behalf of UGC MOOC through Swayam Platform.
Our project is the complete study about both Spot speed studies and Speed delay time survey. This topic is a part of Transportation Engineering. This report helps you to understand this topic in detail. This report will also help you to make project on associated topics in traffic engineering. In spot speed, We discussed regarding various methods available to perform the test, Our team practically performed test and established a speed limit zone near a school. Coming to speed delay time survey, we conducted a survey at a selected stretch and came out with solutions to the problems faced by the vehicle users using that stretch.
Hydraulic Design of Sewer:
Hydraulic formulae, maximum and minimum velocities in sewer, hydraulic
characteristics of circular sewer in running full and partial full conditions,
laying and testing of sewer, sewer appurtenances and network.
Traffic regulatory measures subjective assignment 2 - academic writingChockalingam T
The attached powerpoint presentation contains information about the Traffic Regulatory Measures. Prepared on behalf of UGC MOOC through Swayam Platform.
Our project is the complete study about both Spot speed studies and Speed delay time survey. This topic is a part of Transportation Engineering. This report helps you to understand this topic in detail. This report will also help you to make project on associated topics in traffic engineering. In spot speed, We discussed regarding various methods available to perform the test, Our team practically performed test and established a speed limit zone near a school. Coming to speed delay time survey, we conducted a survey at a selected stretch and came out with solutions to the problems faced by the vehicle users using that stretch.
Hydraulic Design of Sewer:
Hydraulic formulae, maximum and minimum velocities in sewer, hydraulic
characteristics of circular sewer in running full and partial full conditions,
laying and testing of sewer, sewer appurtenances and network.
CPM and PERT are most commonly used methods for project management. There are some similarities and differences between PERT and CPM. PERT can be applied to any field requiring planned, controlled and integrated work efforts to accomplish defined objectives.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
2024.06.01 Introducing a competency framework for languag learning materials ...Sandy Millin
http://sandymillin.wordpress.com/iateflwebinar2024
Published classroom materials form the basis of syllabuses, drive teacher professional development, and have a potentially huge influence on learners, teachers and education systems. All teachers also create their own materials, whether a few sentences on a blackboard, a highly-structured fully-realised online course, or anything in between. Despite this, the knowledge and skills needed to create effective language learning materials are rarely part of teacher training, and are mostly learnt by trial and error.
Knowledge and skills frameworks, generally called competency frameworks, for ELT teachers, trainers and managers have existed for a few years now. However, until I created one for my MA dissertation, there wasn’t one drawing together what we need to know and do to be able to effectively produce language learning materials.
This webinar will introduce you to my framework, highlighting the key competencies I identified from my research. It will also show how anybody involved in language teaching (any language, not just English!), teacher training, managing schools or developing language learning materials can benefit from using the framework.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativePeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
1. SUBJECT
PROJECT MANAGEMENT & ENGINEERING
ECONOMICS (PMEE)
CONTENTS
CRITICAL PATH METHOD & PROGRAM EVALUATION AND REVIEW
TECHNIQUE
(CPM & PERT )
Compiled By : Deepak Narayan Paithankar
Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Sanjivani College of Engineering, Kopargaon.
3. Project
Management
Project
• A project is an interrelated set of activities that has a definite
starting and ending point and that results in a unique product
or service.
Project management
• Project management is a scientific way of planning, implementing,
monitoring & controlling the various aspects of a project such as time,
money, materials, manpower & other resources.
4. 4
Project Managem ent Tools
•
•
•
Older sim pler - Gantt Chart
More m odern – CPM/ PERT
N ewest – Microsoft Project ™
7. Network Planning
Methods
Methods used for network planning are:
CPM
PERT
Managing a project with network planning methods involves four steps:
1.
2.
3.
4.
Describing the Project.
Diagramming the Network.
Estimating time of completion.
Monitoring Project Progress.
9. Guidelines for network diagram
1. Before an activity can begin, its preceding
activities must be completed.
2. Arrows indicate logical precedence.
3. Flow of the diagram is from left to right.
4. Arrows should not intersect.
5. Dangling should be avoided.
10. APPRAOCHES FOR
NETWORK DIAGRAM
ACTIVITY ON ARC(AOA):
• Uses arcs to represent activities and nodes
to represent events.
• It is Event Oriented.
3
1 876
54
2
11. DUMMY
ACTIVITY
AOA approach requires the addition of a
Activity to clarify the precedence relationships
the two activities. It is a zero time activity and
consumes no resources.
Dummy
between
Dummy Activity is used in two situations:
1) When two or more activities start and end at the same
nodes
1 3
2
12. 2) When two or more activities share the same
precedence activity but not all the precedence are
shared.
1 3 5
6
7
2 4
13. Uses nodes to represent activities
precedence relationships between
It is Activity Oriented.
and arcs indicate
them.
ACTIVITY ON
NODE(AON):
14. ESTIMATING TIME OF
COMPLETION
Planning the schedule of the project
Time estimates include:
1) Total time for completion.
2) ES- Earliest start time: the earliest time at which the activity
can start given that its precedent activities must be completed first.
3) EF-Earliest finish time: equals to the earliest start time for the activity
plus the time required to complete the activity.
4) LF- Latest finish time: the latest time in which the activity can be
completed without delaying the project.
5) LS- Latest start time: equal to the latest finish time minus the time
required to complete the activity.
15. 6) FORWARD PASS:
The early start and early finish times are calculated by
moving forward through the network and considering the
predecessor activities Considers maximum
7) BACKWARD PASS:
The latest start and finish times are calculated by moving backward through the
network.
Considers minimum
8) SLACK TIME:
Slack time for an activity is the difference between its earliest and latest start
time or between the earliest and latest finish time.
Critical path is the path of activities having zero Slack time.
20. CRITICAL PATH
METHODS(CPM)
HISTORY :
It was developed by J.E.KELLY of REMINGTON-RAND
and M.R.WALKER of DU PONT and the emphasis was
on the trade-off between the cost of project and its overall
completion time. The first test was made in 1958,when CPM
was applied to the construction of a new chemical plant.
DEFINITION:
Critical path is the sequence of activities between a project’s
start and finish that takes the longest time to complete.
21. STEPS IN
DETERMINING
CRITICAL PATH
• Specify the individual activities.
• Determine the sequence of the activities.
• Draw the network diagram.
• Estimate the activity completion time.
• Identify the critical path.
• Update the CPM diagram.
26. TIME
ESTIMATES
o Optimistic time (to) – It is the shortest time
activity can be completed.
o Most likely time (tm) – It is the probable time
required to perform the activity.
in which the
o Pessimistic time (tp) – It is the longest estimated time
required to perform an activity.
o Expected time
te = to + 4tm + tp
6
27. STEPS IN
PERT
1. Identify the specific activities.
2. Determine proper sequence of the activities.
3. Construct the network diagram.
4. Estimate the time required for each activity.
5. Determine the critical path.
6. Update the PERT chart.
30. Advantages of PERT
• Expected project completion time.
• Probability of completion before a specified date.
• The critical path activities that directly impact the completion
time.
• The activities that have slack time and that can lend resources
to critical path activities.
• Activity start and end dates.
31. LIMITATIONS
• The PERT Formula Requires Too Much Work.
• The network charts tend to be large and unwieldy.
• Calculating the time estimates is very complex for all the
activities.
• Updating of the project is time consuming and requires high
costs.
• Emphasis is laid only on time factors and cost factors are
neglected.