Winding is an important process in fabric manufacturing that involves transferring yarns from one package to another suitable package for weaving. There are several types of winding packages depending on factors like density, package type, and how the package is built. Parallel winding involves winding yarns parallel to each other on packages with flanges. Near parallel winding lays yarns nearly parallel with one another on packages that may or may not have flanges. Cross winding winds a single yarn at an angle across layers for stability without needing flanges. Proper tensioning devices are also important to apply the required tension during winding to reduce breaks and complete weaving successfully.

1. Presented by
Abdullah Al Shovon Mahbubay Rabbani Mim
Md Ripon Mia Most Roji Akter Ripa
DHAKA UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND
TECHNOLOGY,GAZIPUR
ourse name:Fabric manufacturing-1

2. Introduction
• Winding is one of the most important operation,which is
mainly occurred in spinning section. Besides ,it is also
important in fabric manufacturing,directly winding is not
so much important,but rewinding is so important
the process of transferring yarns from ring,
bobbin, hank into a suitable package is
called winding. It may be electrical or
mechanical.
For warp winding → Cone, cheese, flanged
bobbin.
For weft winding → Pirn, cop.
Definition

3. Objects Of Winding
I. To transfer yarn from one package to another
suitable package, this can be conveniently used
for used for weaving process.
II. To remove yarns fault like hairiness, naps, slabs,
foreign matters.
III. To clean yarn.
IV. To increase the quality of yarn.
V. To get a suitable package.
VI. To store the yarn.
VII.To improve the quality of yarn
VIII.Inspect the yarn

4. Requirements Of Winding
The requirements of winding may be summarized as follow:
i. The fault level in the yarn must be reduced to an
acceptable level.
ii. The yarn must not be damaged in any way in the winding
process.
iii. The package size, shape and build must be the most
technologically suitable for the particular end use.
iv. The package size should be controlled to meet the
particular economic requirements.

5. Types of winding
 According to density
a. Precision winding
b. Non-precision
 According to type of package
a. Cone winding
b. Pirn winding
c. Flange winding
d. Cheese winding
e. Cop winding
 According the build of the
package
a. Parallel winding
b. Near-parallel winding
c. cross-winding

6. Winding Package:
Winding is one of the most important process
before weaving the fabric. Various types of winding packages
are used here. This article has presented the classification
of winding packages with these advantages and
disadvantages.
Different Types of Winding Package:
There are three types of winding packages, which are
pointed out in the below:
1. Parallel winding or parallel wound package,
2. Near parallel winding or near parallel wound package,
3. Cross winding or cross wound package.

7. 1. Parallel winding :
In this type of winding package, yarn is wound parallel to
each other on the package containing flanges on both sides
of package. In case of parallel winding package, traversing
guide does not required.
Advantage and disadvantage of Parallel Winding
i. In this package, so many
yarns can be wound at a
time.
ii. No change of twist during
winding.
iii. Here, yarn density is
more.
iv. Here, traversing
mechanism is not needed
Advantage Disadvantage
i. Over with drawl is not possible
here.
ii. Needed separate mechanism
for yarn unwinding.

8. 2. Near Parallel Winding
In case of near parallel winding or near parallel wound
package, the package contains one or more yarn which are laid
very nearly parallel to the layers and which are already existing
on the winding package.
Advantage Disadvantage
i. Flanged is not necessary
here.
ii. During winding, no change
of number of yarn turns per
inch .
iii. Side and over withdrawl is
possible here
i. The package is not stable.
ii. Traversing mechanism is
required here.
Advantage and disadvantage of Near Parallel Winding

9. 3. Cross Winding
In case of cross winding or cross wound package, the
winding package contains a single yarn which is laid on the
package at an appreciable helix angle so that the layers
crossing one another to provide stability.
Advantage Disadvantage
i. Over with drawl is possible
here.
ii. Stability of yarn package.
iii,.Flanged is not needed
here.
i. Yarn quality is less here.
ii. Yarn twist is changed
during winding.
iii. Traversing mechanism is
required here

10. End the topic

11. Presentation About Tensioning Device In
Winding Process
PREPARED BY
Md Mahbubay Rabbani Mim
Department Of Textile Engineering
DHAKA UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY,GAZIPUR

12. Yarn Tensioning Device
DEFINITION
• The device by which we apply required tension in the yarn is called
tensioning device.
Why it is used?
• It is used for the following reason:-
 To apply the required tension in the yarn so that it can be pass through
different parts in the machine.
 To reduce the breakage of the yarn in waeving section.
 To complete the process of weaving successfully.

13. TYPES OF TENSIONING DEVICE
Two types:-
1. According to working member act on the yarn.
2. According to working principle.
According to working member act on the yarn:- ( 6 types )
I. Ball Type.
II. Disc Type.
III. Roller Type.
IV. Comb Type.
V. Washer Type.
VI. Two Zone Type.

14.  ACCORDING TO WORKING PRINCIPLE:-
4 Types:-
Capstan Tensioner
Or,(Multiplicative Tensioner)
Additive Tensioner
Combined Tensioner
Automatic Tensioner

15.  CAPSTAN TENSIONER
Capstan tensioner is the simplest tensioner from others. Here yarns are passed
through around the post.In this tensioning device tension is provided by
frictioning between post and yarn.
This tensioning device following the classic law
T2 =T1× eµθ
Where,
T2=output tension
T1=input tension
µ=frictional co-efficient
θ=radian angle between yarn and post

16. ADDITIVE TENSIONER
In this tensioning device,dead weight or spring is for tension increment.Here
yarn passes through in the middle of the surface contact.For suitable
tension,force is applied from the above.
This tensioning device following the classical law:-
T2 = T1 + 2 µF
Where,
T2= output tension
T1 =input tension
µ=co-efficient of friction
F=applied force in newton

17. COMBINED TENSIONER
In combined tensioner,the cobination of capstan tensoner and additive
tensioner is used.This tensioning system is a complicated system.It is seldom
used.It is a device which tension is not easily decreased.This device allows
addition of tension.
This device follows the classical formula:-
T2=[T1× eµθ]+[T1 + 2µF]
Where,
T2=output tension
T1=input tension
µ=frictional co-efficient
θ=radian angle between yarn and post
F=applied force in newton

18. AUTOMATIC TENSIONER
This tensioner is like as combined tensioner but here a extra post guide is used for
controlling tension.
it is a special type of tensioner that controls the tension automatically.Here yarn
tension opetrates on the pin at the force end of lever.The device is arranged so
that when too high tension is measurd ,then the pressure of the disc region is
reduced and brings a proper tension.This control terminology is called “Negative
feed back”.

19. EFFECTS OF TENSIONING DEVICE
• FOR NATURAL FIBER:-
 TENSION YARN DAMAGE
 TENSION ELONGATION
 TENSION PACKAGE SATABILITY
 TENSION UNDESIREABLE EFFECT
 TENSION UNWINDING CLEARLY DONE

20. FOR MAN MADE/ARTIFICIAL/SYNTHETIC
FIBRE
TENSION MOLECULAR CHANGE DYE TAKE UP
TENSION RANDOM COLOR SHADE

21. FACTORS CONSIDER FOR SELECTION OF
A TENSIONING DEVICE
Reliable to control uniform tension.
Doesn’t have any impact on yearn twist.
Easily adjustable.
Easily threadable.
 Easily cleanable.
Oprating surface must be smooth.
Not affected by dirt and dust.
Not affected by wear.

22.  FACTORS CONSIDER FOR SELECTION OF
A TENSIONING DEVICE
It must not introduce variation in twist.
It must be cheap.
It must not encourage by dirt collection.

23. End the topic

24. Presentation About Precision
Winding,Non- Precision Winding
and yarn guide
 Prepared by Most. Roji Akter Ripa

25. What Is Precision Winding?
• By precision winding successive coils of yarn are laid close together in
a parallel or near parallel manner. By this process it is possible to
produce very dense package with maximum amount of yarn stored in
a given volume.
• Features:
• Contains more yarn.
• Package is less
• Package is hard and compact.
• Package is dense.
• Rate of unwinding package is low.
• Packages are around with a reciprocating travarse.
• Flanged maybe used.

26. What Is Non Precision Winding?
By this type of winding the winding package is formed by a single thread which
is laid on the package at appreciable helix angle so that the layers cross one
another and give stability to the package.The package formed by this type of
winding are less dense but more stable.
Features:
• Only one coil is used.
• Winding is done in cross angle.
• Minimum yarn is stored.
• Packages are soft and less compact.
• Stability of this package is high.
• Flanged is not necessary.
• Low density with high stability.
• Unwinding rate is high and process is easier.

27. Difference Between Precision And Non
Precision Winding.
Precision winding Non precision winding
• The wound coil is arranged
parallel or near parallel .
• Yarn density of the packages is
high.
• No air gaps.
• Winding angle is 0 or near 0.
• Yarn tension is relatively more
at the time of winding.
• Yarn withdrawal process is
relatively difficult.
• Yarn coil is cross wise wound.
• Yarn density of the package is
low.
• Air gaps is found.
• Winding angle is greater than
15.
• Yarn tension is relatively less at
the time of winding.
• Yarn withdrawal process is less
difficult.

28. What Is Yarn Guide?
Yarn guides are one of the helping instrument to control the
yarn path. Yarn guides are required to perform the winding
or unwinding process properly.
Type-A:Yarn end is required to
threading
 Take extra time for
threading.
 Speed of operation is
decreased.
 Occur more friction with
the yarn.
 More costly.
 No possibility to run out
the yarn.

29. Type-B:Yarn end is not required to threading.
• Easy process.
• Speed of operation is increased.
• Occur less friction with the yarn.
• Low cost.
• Possibility to run out the yarn.

30. End the topic

31. Discuss about Yarn
withdrawal
Prepared by Md Ripon Mia

32. Yarn withdrawal
• Removal or unwinding process of yarn from the package during
weaving is called withdrawal of yarn.
• Types of yarn withdrawal:
• There are two types of yarn withdrawal
• a. Side withdrawal.
• b. Over-end withdrawal.
• Side withdrawal:
• In side withdrawal ,the spool must rotate in order for the yarn to be
removed. Typical uses of side withdrawal are to be found in the
various operations on a warp ; in view of the multiplicity of ends in a
warp it is virtually impossible to use anything but side withdrawal.

33. Side withdrawal
• Advantages:
• 1.The yarn does not rotate upon withdrawal
• 2.The yarn twists remain constant.
• 3.No balloon formation.
• Disadvantage:
• 1.At high winding speeds, due to inertia, the rotation of the
spool may lead to tension variations in the yarn.
• 2.This process is costlier for practical use.
• 3.High speed impairs the stability of the package.

34. Over –end withdrawal
This method is simplest & most common method of yarn
withdrawal. The yarn is to take away along a line which roughly
coincides with the axis of the package . Using this technique it is
not necessary to rotate the package. It is used in circumstances
where high winding speeds are required , such as in high speed
beaming & the removal of yarn from weft packages.
Advantages:
1.Very high rates of yarn withdrawal .
2.Not so expensive.
3.Not necessary to rotate the package.
4.Flanged is not required.
Disadvantages:
1.Ballon formation.
2.There is a chance of one turn twist in the yarn.

35. Difference between Side withdrawal & Over-
end withdrawal
Side withdrawal Over-end withdrawal
1.Package must rotate. 1.Package is stationary.
2.No balloon formation. 2.Balloon formation.
3.No change of yarn twist. 3.Change of yarn twist.
4.Unwinding is not fast. 4.Unwinding is fast.
5.Parallel package. 5.Cross winding package.
6.This process is expensive. 6.This process is cheap.
7.Flanged bobbin needs. 7.No flanged.

36. Balloon Theory
.The rotation applied to the departing yarn during at high speed of
the yarn unwinding from a stationary spinning cop, the yarn is
thrown by centrifugal force away from the cop axis &
circumscribes in space a plane is called balloon.
. In the process of yarn unwinding from the cop every element of
the yarn in balloon performs a complicate movement along the
yarn axis and a rotational movement around the cop axis. The
shape of a balloon depends on the tension of the yarn at the
unwinding from cop

37. Balloon Theory Diagram

38. Factors influence the size of balloon
1.Yarn count:
Finer count ---------Lower balloon size.
Coarser count-------Higher balloon size.
2.Winding & Unwinding speed:
Higher speed--------higher balloon size.
Lower speed---------Lower balloon size.
3.Size and shape of the package:
Larger package------higher balloon size.
Smaller package-----Lower balloon size.
4.Position of the guide:
Greater distance -----higher balloon size.
Lower distance---------Lower balloon size.
5.Lift of the package:
Greater lift of the package----large balloon size.
Smaller lift of the package-----Small balloon size.

39. Winding Efficiency
• Winding Efficiency: The ratio of the actual production and
calculated production is called winding efficiency. It is
expressed as percentage. The efficiency of a highly
automated winding operation is calculated by modification
of the mathematical model developed for a similar problem.
• Winding efficiency =(Actual production/Calculated
production)*100
• Efficiency loss =(Calculated production –Actual
production)/Calculated production *100

40. Winding efficiency depends on the
following factors
1.Spindle or drum speed: The higher the speed the
more is the winding efficiency.
2.Yarn count: Yarn count (Ne)is directly proportional
to winding efficiency.
3. Yarn quality: If the quality increases then winding
efficiency increases.
4. Worker efficiency: The more efficient the worker is
the more efficient the winding will be.
5. Humidity: Deviation from standard humidity the
winding efficiency will decrease.

41. 6. Work load per worker: If the work load on each worker is less then
efficiency of winding will be more.
7. Maintenance and over hauling: IF the maintenance and over hauling of
the machine is not correct then efficiency of winding will decrease.
8. Power failure: If the power failure rate increases the winding efficiency
will decrease.
9. Creeling time: The more the creeling time the less is the efficiency.
10. Doffing time: The more the doffing time the less is the efficiency.
11. Capacity utilization: When capacity utilization decreases then
efficiency increases.

42. Thank you