apparel lab

1. Lab Report
Course Code:-TE-3402
Course Title:-Apparel Manufacturing Engineering-I (Sessional)
Experiment No. 04
Name: Evaluation of fabric quality by 4-point system.
Submitted by
Name :
ID :
Year and Semester :
Session :
Department :
Mahbubay Rabbani
175035
3/1
2018-19
Textile Engineering
Submitted to
Md. Ayub Ali
Assistant Professor
Department of TE
Dhaka University of Engineering & Technology (DUET), Gazipur

2. Introduction:-
Fabric inspection is a systematic observation for clothes. The
essential process of maintaining the quality of raw materials
used during making the finished product is called inspection.
Importance of fabric inspection:-
1. Guarantees to reduce rejection of cut panels.
2. For cost reduction.
3. To meet customer demand.
4. Fault free fabric cutting confirmation.
5. Ensure that production does not work again.
6. Make quality complete products.
For garments, we need to check the quality of fabric, sewing
thread, trims etc. It is very important for cost minimization by
identify of faulty good. Satisfaction costumer for good
inspection.
There are two ways to inspect fabric:-
1. 4-point system.
2. 10-point system.
1. 4-point system:-It is evaluated by unit point / 100 square
price. It is used for knitted fabric and considered one-sided.
The value adopted here is 40 points/ 100 square yds.
2. 10-point system:-This unit is evaluated by 10 points / 100
square yds. It is used for woven fabrics. Both Warp and Wave
The direction is considered
Fabric inspection skills:-
1. Defective fabric separation.
2. Reduce labor and material costs.
3. Can satisfy customer.

3. 4. High process efficiency.
5. Reduce activity.
Objectives:-
To know about 4-point system.
To evaluate fabric pelanty number.
To know whether fabric acceptable or not.
Merits:-
 Separation of faulty fabric, reduction of labor and materials
cost.
 Minimizing the time and money wastage by correcting the
defective raw materials.
 Fabrics supplied to customers meet their specifications and
standards.
 Fabric inspection ensures to minimize the rejection of cut
panels or rejected garments due to fabric faults.
Rework:-
 Higher process efficiency of knit fabric inspection.

4. Materials and method:-
Material: Knit fabric-120 GSM
Method: 4-point system.
Principle:-points/100 sq. yds.
Working procedure of 4-point system:-
The 4-Point System assigns 1, 2, 3 and 4 penalty points
according to the size, quality, and significance of the defect. No
more than 4 penalty points is assigned for any single flaw. A
defect can be measured either length or width direction; the
system remains the same. Only major errors are considered. No
penalty points are assigned to minor defects. Whenever errors
are recognized during fabric inspection under 4 points system
and defect must be assigned a number of points depending on
the severity or length.
1. Fabric inspection is done in suitable and safe environment
with adequate ventilation and proper lighting.
2. The passing of the fabric through the frame must be between
45-60 visitor's degree angle and appropriate cool white light
2F96 fluorescent bulbs should be viewed Region. Backlights can
be used as needed.
3. The fabric in the inspection machine should not exceed the
speed 15 yards per minute.

5. 4. If possible, value for all approved bulk dye lots value must be
available before visiting (if possible)
5. Approved values of bulk die lot must be available earlier Start
inspecting to determine color, construction, finish and visual
presence.
6. The continuity of the shade in a roll by examining the
variation of the shadow center and sales and middle and middle
at the end of each roll must be evaluated and documented.
7. Knit textiles like nets need to be weighed against the weight
standard allowable weight.
8. The width of the fabric must be checked from selvage to
selvage against the standard.
9. All defects must be flagged during inspection.
10. Compare with the length of each roll inspected supplier
stamped tags and any lengths as specified deviations must be
documented and reported to the mill additional replacement to
avoid crisis.
11. If the yarn is dyed or printed fabric is inspected repeat
measurements must be made from the beginning to the middle
and the end of the selected rolls.

6. Size of defects(Inch) Penalty points
0-3 1
3-6 2
6-9 3
9 or greater 4

8. Fault measurement:-
Fault
length(inch)
Number of length Penalty Point
0-3 18 18
3-6 8 16
6-9 13 39
9 or greater 3 12
<1 (Round) 5 10
>1 (Round) 4 20
Final Formula:-
=
Penalty×36×100
Fabric length×1.0936×fabric width
=
71×36×100
75×1.0936×68

9. = 46
Result and discussion:-
We know that according to 4-point system, normally fabric roll
contains 40 points per 100 square yard are acceptable. If the
points per 100 square yard is greater than 40 then the fabric will
be rejected or unacceptable and if the points per 100 square yard
is less than 40 than the fabric is acceptable for further processing.
Here, I inspected a knit fabric and found the point is 46.
Result is here,
Points per 100 square yard = 46
As the points per 100 square yard is > 40, so the fabric is rejected.
How to improve:-
We can reuse the fabric by improving the quality by different re
treatment process such as, finishing, and others knitting
parameters, yarn quality, dyeing etc. According to the type of
fault, we have to select the suitable re-treatment process for the
fabric. A fabric may have faults but it is not a waste fabric. After

10. applying re- treatment process, we can improve the quality of the
fabrics by reducing the faults of the fabric.
Conclusion:-After completing this lab, we can learn about 4 point
inspection system by which knitted fabric can be inspected. We
also learn about the procedure and formulas in 4-point system.
Now we can inspect knitted fabric with that system and can
determine whether the fabric will acceptable or not. I think this
experiment will help us in our practical field.