Presentation on unguided transmission media
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Unguided transmission media transmit electromagnetic waves without a physical conductor. Signals are broadcast through free space and available to anyone with a receiving device. Unguided signals can travel via ground propagation along the earth's surface, sky propagation by reflecting off the ionosphere, or line-of-sight propagation in direct paths between antennas. Common unguided media include radio waves, microwaves, and infrared signals, which propagate differently depending on their frequency bands and uses like wireless communications, satellites, or short-range indoor transmissions.
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Fairness and optimality: an inherently intractable problem. Definition of optimality usually doesn't consider fairness. Do we want to maximize channel usage? Minimize average delay?
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Presentation on unguided transmission media
- 1. Presentation on Unguided Transmission Media Presented By: Mohammad Junayed Khan Noor ID:163002029
- 2. Unguided medium transport electromagnetic waves without using a physical conductor. This type of communication is often referred to as wireless communication. Signals are normally broadcast through free space and thus are available to anyone who has a device capable of receiving them. TRANSMISSION MEDIA: UNGUIDED
- 4. How signals broadcast • This type of communication is often referred to as a Wireless Communication. •Signals are normally broadcast through air and thus are available to anyone who has a device capable to receiving them. • Unguided signals can travel from source to destination in several ways.
- 5. Unguided signals can travel from source to destination in several ways. there are; Ground propagation Sky propagation Line-of-sight propagation In ground propagation, radio waves travel through the lowest portion of the atmosphere, hugging the earth/data. UNGUIDED MEDIA: TYPES
- 6. In sky propagation, higher-frequency radio waves radiate upward into the ionosphere where they are reflected back to the earth. In line-of-sight propagation, very high-frequency signals are transmitted in straight lines directly from antenna to antenna. TYPES ….
- 8. Radio waves are used for multicast communications, such as radio and television. They can penetrate through walls. Highly regulated. Use Omni directional antennas Frequencies between 3 kHz and 1Ghz RADIO WAES:
- 9. MICRO WAVES: • Microwaves are used for unicast communication such as cellular telephones, satellite networks, and wireless LANs. • Higher frequency ranges cannot penetrate walls. • Use directional antennas - point to point line of sight communications. • 1 and 300 GHz
- 10. Infrared signals can be used for short- range communication is a closed area using line-of-sight propagation. 300 GHz to 400 THz INFRARED:
- 11. PROPAGATION METHOD Line of sight
- 12. Wireless Propagation • Signal travels along three routes • Ground wave • Follows contour of earth • Up to 2MHz • AM radio • Sky wave • Amateur radio, BBC world service, Voice of America • Signal reflected from ionosphere layer of upper atmosphere • (Actually refracted) • Line of sight • Above 30Mhz • May be further than optical line of sight due to refraction • More later…
- 15. Line of Sight Propagation
- 16. Satellite Microwave • Satellite is relay station • Satellite receives on one frequency, amplifies or repeats signal and transmits on another frequency • Requires geo-stationary orbit • Height of 35,784km • Television • Long distance telephone • Private business networks
- 17. Satellite Point to Point Link