This document provides an introduction to gerunds and infinitives in English. It defines gerunds as verb forms ending in "-ing" that function as nouns, and infinitives as verbs beginning with "to." The document discusses how gerunds and infinitives can be used as subjects, objects, or complements. It also explains that some verbs can take either a gerund or infinitive, while others require one form. Finally, it provides examples of how the meaning can change based on whether a gerund or infinitive is used.

1. Subject: intermediated English B
topic: gerunds and infinitives
Students’ name:
Fatima Lourdes Duran Vasquez
Cristian Reyes

2. Introduction
Gerunds and verbs that act like nouns. They can follow adjectives and and other
verbs; gerund can also follow preposition .
A gerund often know as an-ing words) is a noun formed from a verb by adding-
ing. Not all words formed with-ing are gerunds.
An infinitive is to +the verb. A verb is an action word. In English, if a verb
starts with the word “to,” it is an infinitive. If a verb ends with “ing,” it is
a gerund. Verbs can be either gerunds or infinitives, but they can’t be
both!
When a verb follows a verb it either takes the gerund or infinitive form
Some verbs can take either the gerund or the infinitive with no loss of meaning

3. Gerunds are often used when action are real, concrete
or completed
Some verbs can be followed by the infinitive with to or the –ing form
The meaning is usually the same,gerunds it is a noun made from a
verb by adding-ing
Walking – talking - thinking - listening
You can use it as:
• The subject : reading helps you learn English
• The complement: her favorite hobby is reading
• the object of a sentence: I like reading
 can be negative by adding not
Examples: he enjoys not working
The best thing for your health is not smoking

4. Usually the main verb in the sentences determines wheter
you use a gerund or infinitive
Both gerunds and infinitives can be used as the subject or
the complement of a senteces ,however as subject or
complements gerund usually sounds more like normal,
spoken English where infinitives sound more abstract.
Usually the main verb in the sentences determines wheter
you use a gerund or an infinitive.
Enjoy requires a gerund
Want requires an infinitive

5. Infinitives are often use when action
are unreal, abstract
Subject: To learn is important the grammar
The complement: the most important thing is to learn
The object of a sentence: he want to learn

6. Gerund are used as subject or the
object of the sentence
Smoking is bad for your health
My job involves doing a lot of hours
Only gerunds can be the object of preposition
Example: we are talking about writing in english

7. Sometimes the use of the gerund or infinitive change the
meaning of the sentences
 I remembered doing my homework
 I remember to do my homework

8. A gerund is a verbal that ends in-ing
• Funtions as noun;the verbal indicates that a
gerund is based on a verb and therefore express
action.
• Go + ing form
• Sometimes use go + -ing form to talk about
doing sports and other activity:
• Example: surf-go

9. Infinitives often follow verbs that indicate
that an action will or could happen
The action expressed by the verb comes before the action
expressed by the infinitive.
-We hope to go the concert
Verbs that are followed by noun phrase infinitive and can also
be follow by a gerund :
The gerund makes it general and the infinitives make specific
the person indicated
-They allow smoking in the house
-They allowed me to smoke in the house

10. Verbs and expressions followed by
infinitive
mental state or activity: agree,
choose,decide,remember
Future arrangements: aim, arrange,expect,refuse
Gerund infinitive
Working to work
Playing to play
Studing to study

11. VERB THAT CAN BE FOLLOWED BY A GERUN OR INFINITIVE
 Gerund he continues working in the same company
 Infinitive she continues to work in the same company
VERB THAT CAN ONLY BE FOLLOWED BY A GERUND
 Gerun he’s practiced playing the piano
 Infinitive he’s practiced to play the piano
VERB THAT CAN ONLY BE FOLLOWED BY AN INFINITIVE
 Gerund she learned swimming
 Infinitive she learned to swim

12.  WHEN A VERB IS THE SUBJECT OF THE SENTENCE
SHOULD TAKE THE COMPLETION -ING
-Riding a bike for Fun
 IF YOU NEED TO USE A VERB AND AN ADJECTIVE THIS HAS
TO LEAD TO INFINITIVE
I´m so happy to be here
 WHEN YOU USES INFINITIVE FOR EXPRESS THE
PURPOSE OF SOMETHING .
He allowed her to take the car