Presentacion de Ingles II del estudiante de ingenieria de sistemas Alejandro González del Instituto Universitario Politecnico Santiago Mariño

1. República Bolivariana de Venezuela
Instituto Universitario Politécnico
“Santiago Mariño”
Ingeniería de Sistemas
Ingles II
Porlamar – Estado Nueva Esparta
Estudiante: Alejandro González Moreno.
C.I.: 30.230.544
Porlamar, 20 de Junio de 2022.

2. INFINITIVE

3. Definition
An infinitive is a verbal consisting of the word to
plus a verb and functioning as a noun, adjective, or
adverb. The term verbal indicates that an infinitive,
like the other two kinds of verbals, is based on a verb
and therefore expresses action or a state of being.

4. Characteristics
 Is based on a verb and therefore expresses action or
a state of being.
 The infinitive phrase functions as the direct object of
the verb intended, agreed, asked and wanted.
 It’s formed with the verb have/has and the past
participle of the main verb of the sentence, like this:

5. Uses
The purpose of infinitives is to discuss an action in general
instead of a specific instance of the action being done.
For example, take a look at these two sentences:
I need to win.
Today, we win.
The first sentence uses the infinitive form of the verb win as
a noun; the main verb of the sentence is actually “need.”
The second sentence uses the standard form of win as an
actionable verb. In the first sentence with the infinitive, the
action of “winning” is not actually done; the sentence simply
discusses the idea of winning. The second sentence,
however, describes the action of winning.

6. Types
There are two main types of infinitives: full infinitives and
bare infinitives.
Full infinitives
Full infinitives, also known as to-infinitives, are the most
common infinitives in writing. You can create a full infinitive
by taking the base form of a verb and adding to in front of it.
For example, the verb be—which is often conjugated to is,
are, was, were, etc.—becomes the full infinitive to be.

7. Bare infinitives
Bare infinitives, also known as zero infinitives, are
formed without to—you simply use the base form of a
verb within a sentence. As you can imagine, this gets
confusing, but thankfully bare infinitives are less
common than full infinitives.
Bare infinitives are used in the following
situations:
1) After modal verbs.
2) After perception verbs.
3) With the verbs let, make, and do.
4) With the relative pronoun why.

8. Examples
 We had better take some warm clothing.
 Let's go to the cinema tonight.
 We heard them close the door.
 This soup is too hot to eat.
 Tell me when to press the button.

9. GERUNDS

10. Definition
Although the term might sound foreign, the gerund is a
common part of speech that most of us use every day,
whether we know it or not. Here, we’ll take an in-depth
look at gerunds and provide you with several examples of
gerunds so you’ll feel comfortable using them in your
writing, and so that you will be able to recognize them
when you see them.
Gerunds are words that are formed with verbs but act as
nouns. They’re very easy to spot, since every gerund is a
verb with ing tacked to its tail. There are no exceptions to
this rule.

11. Characteristics
 In English, the gerund is formed by adding -ing to a
verb root.
 The gerund of transitive verbs can take a direct
object.
 The gerund has the distinctions of aspect and voice.
 The gerund can be modified by an adverb.

12. Uses
Gerunds can be used after certain verbs including
enjoy, fancy, discuss, dislike, finish, mind, suggest,
recommend, keep, and avoid.
1)After prepositions of place and time.
2) To replace the subject or object of a sentence.
The gerund can be used especially in two
situations:

13. Types
The four types of gerund are:
1) Subject: In this, the gerund is followed by a modifying
adverbial phrase, forming a gerund phrase.
2) Subject complements : Is when the gerund is a noun, it
can be the complement o the action described by the
verb.
3) Direct Object: It’s when the gerund is recieveing the
action in the sentence.
4)Objects of prepositions: It’s an object of preposition
when the gerund follows a preposition.

14.  The ballerina taught us dancing.
 Apologizing to me isn’t enough this time.
 Swimming in the ocean has been Sharon’s passion
since she was five years old.
 He looked unhappy after seeing his work
schedule.
 Jumping off a cliff is dangerous, but a real thrill.
Examples

15. Thank you for your attention