2. Microprocessor ?
A microprocessor is an integrated circuit (IC) which
incorporates core functions of a computer’s central
processing unit (CPU).
It is a programmable multipurpose silicon chip, clock
driven, register based, accepts binary data as input and
provides output after processing it as per the
instructions stored in the memory
4. How does a Microprocessor work ?
A processor is the brain of a computer which basically consists
of Arithmetical and Logical Unit (ALU), Control Unit and
Register Array
As the name indicates ALU performs all arithmetic and logical
operations on the data received from input devices or memory.
Register array consists of a series of registers like
accumulator (A), B, C, D etc
5. which acts as temporary fast access memory locations for processing data.
As the name indicates, control unit controls the flow of instructions and
data throughout the system.
6. Advantages of a Microprocessor
o Low Cost
o High Speed
o Small Size
o Versatile
o Low Power Consumption
o Reliable
o Portable
Necessary tools for microprocessor
CPU : central processing unite
I/O : input , output
Buss : address buss,& data Buss
CU : trimming and control unite
Special and General purpose resister
L1 & L2 cache memory
Buss interface
7. Examples
Intel 4004 – The First 4 bit microprocessor
Intel 8085 The most successful 8-bit, general-purpose microprocessor is
Intel 8086 A small 4-or 6-byte instruction
Intel Pentium The Pentium , introduced in1993
Intel Core i7
8. Interfacing memory with 8086 microprocessor
Memory is an integral part of microprocessor
Two type op memory
Read only memory : (ROM)
Read signal
Program don’t change
EPROM, PROM, EEPROM
Random Access memory
Read , write both
User program
Temporary data
Volatile memory
9. Timing and control unite
CPU is partition into ALU & CU
The Function of control unite is to generate the relevant timing & control
signal to all operations in the computer.
It controls the flow of the data between the processor & memory and
peripherals.
10. 1.An arithmetic-logic unit(ALU)is the part of a CPU that carries out
arithmetic and logic operations on the operands in computer instruction
words.
2.The ALU includes storage places for input operands, operands that are
veing added, the accumulated result (stored in an accumulator), decrement
ect.
3.It performs arithmetic operations like addition, subtraction, increment, decrement
ect.
4.It also performs logical operations like AND,OR,X-OR, Complement etc.
ARITHMATIC & LOGIC UNITE
