Computer systems perform four basic operations: input, processing, output, and storage. The central processing unit (CPU) includes the arithmetic logic unit (ALU) where instructions are executed and the control unit which manages and coordinates all other computer components. The CPU processes data received from input devices and sends output to storage or output devices. Storage holds data temporarily in RAM or permanently in secondary storage like a hard drive.

2. Basic Computer Operations
EMMA P. BAPTISMA - FIJO
2nd Presentor

3. 1. Basic operations performed by all types of computer systems
Computer is a machine that, under a program’s direction,
performs 4 basic operations:
input, processing, output, and storage.
2. Basic organization of a computer system
ALU of a computer system is the place where the actual executions
of instruction takes place during processing operations.
Control Unit of a computer system manages and coordinates the
operations of all other components of a computer system.

4. KEYBOARD
SCANNER
FLASH DRIVE
DISKETTE
CD - ROM
MONITOR
PRINTER
CD - ROM
Control
Unit
ALU
Temporary storage RAM
CPU
“PERMANENT”
DISK/CD
STORAGE
PROCESSING OUTPUT
INPUT
Block Diagram of Basic Organization of Computer System

5. 3. Input unit and its functions
Data can be in the form of numbers, words, actions, commands, etc.
The main function of input devices is to direct commands
and data into computers.
Computers then use their CPU to process this data and produce output.
4. Storage unit and its functions
Is used for storing, porting, extracting data files and objects.
It can hold and store information both temporarily and permanently,
and can be internal or external to a computer.

6. 5. Types of storage used in a computer system
Primary storage device such as; RAM
Secondary storage device such as; Hard Drive
6. Arithmetic logic unit (ALU)
Is a digital circuit used to perform Arithmetic and Logic operations.
It represents the fundamental building block
of the central processing unit (CPU) of a computer.

7. 7. Control Unit
Is a component of a computer’s central processing unit that directs
the operations of the processor. It tells the computer’s memory, arithmetic,
and logic unit and input and output devices how to respond to
the instructions that have been sent to processor.
8. CPU
also called as a central Processor or the Main processor,
is the electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out the instructions
of a computer program by performing the
basic arithmetic, logic, controlling, and input/output(I/O).

8. 9. Computer as a system
Is a basic, complete and functional computer, including all the
hardware and software required to make it functional to a user.
It should have the ability to receive user input, process data, and
with the processed data, it can create information to store it
to the storage devices as an output.

9. Thank you!