The document discusses strategies to prevent post-operative endophthalmitis following cataract surgery. It finds that pre-operative povidone-iodine and topical antibiotics can significantly reduce conjunctival bacterial flora. Intracameral antibiotics during surgery, such as cefuroxime, also significantly lower the risk of endophthalmitis. Fourth generation fluoroquinolones like moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin are more potent than earlier generations against gram-positive bacteria. Subconjunctival antibiotics administered with surgery may halve the risk of post-operative endophthalmitis. Comprehensive pre, during and post-operative antibiotic protocols are important to minimize this potentially devastating
Endophthalmitis is an inflammation of the vitreous and the inner coats of the eye. This inflammation leads to infection which is caused by fungi or bacteria.
Endophthalmitis is an inflammation of the vitreous and the inner coats of the eye. This inflammation leads to infection which is caused by fungi or bacteria.
Endophthalmitis is an inflammation of the interior of the eye. It is a possible complication of all intraocular surgeries, particularly cataract surgery, with possible loss of vision and the eye itself.
Endophthalmitis is an inflammation of the interior of the eye. It is a possible complication of all intraocular surgeries, particularly cataract surgery, with possible loss of vision and the eye itself.
Rationale for use of antibiotics after periodontal surgery Vidya Vishnu
It is important that the dental profession diligently consider its responsibility to curb the use of unnecessary antibiotics and keep antibiotic efficacy high for when they are truly necessary. Use of antibiotics should not be generalized or used blindly just to be extra cautious in preventing infection.
The Indian Dental Academy is the Leader in continuing dental education , training dentists in all aspects of dentistry and
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Objectives:
•Learn about the current of SSI prevention in Canada
•Review the updated SSI-GSK
•Compare CPSI SSI-GSK to national and international literature
Disinfectants play an important role in health careassociated
infection control by either minimizing or preventing
microorganism dissemination. This article to study the
morphological changes which may be related to the lose of
antibiotic resistance after disinfectant exposure using SEM.
Showed all isolates resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin, cloxacillin,
cephalexin, tetracycline, doxycycline, rifampin, chloramphenicol,
trimethoprim cefotaxime and erythromycin, while one of burn
isolates was susceptible for gentamicin, chloramphenicol and
trimethoprim, and 15 of burn, 6 of wound, 5 of ear, and all urine
isolates were susceptible to gentamicin using Kirby-Bauer
method.
The MICs of four common in use disinfectants (Hexatane,
Dettol, Savlon and Povidone – Iodine) were determined for all
isolates. The results showed that the MICs of Hexatane ranged
from (64–512) µg/ml, Dettol (2048–16384) µg/ml,
Savlon (4096:40960)–(32768:327680) µg/ml and for Povidone –
Iodine MICs were (8192–32768) µg/ml. It has been found that
burn and urine isolates were more resistant to disinfectants than
wound and ear isolates. According to the effect of subMICs of
disinfectants at different exposure patterns on antibiotic
resistance, the results showed lose of resistance to tetracycline,
doxycycline, rifampin, chloramphenicol, cefotaxime and
trimethoprim in %72, %72, %68, %22, %28 and %36 of isolates,
respectively. The results of SEM micrograph showed normal
morphology and small sized bacteria with nub formation on some
of them when exposed to dettol, and shape changes in cells with
bulging in exposed to Povidone-iodine, while elongation and
deformation were recorded in some cells in exposed to
Savlon(chlorohexidine/ cetrimide) and Hexatane (chlorohexidine/
gluconate), respectively.
Despite the routine use of prophylactic systemic antibiotics, surgical-site infection continues to be associated with significant morbidity and cost after colorectal sur- gery. The gentamicin–collagen sponge, an implantable topical antibiotic agent, is approved for surgical implantation in 54 countries. Since 1985, more than 1 million patients have been treated with the sponges.
DOI:10.21276/ijlssr.2016.2.4.1
ABSTRACT- Introduction: Surgical Site Infections (SSI) still remains a significant problem following an operation
and the third most frequently reported nosocomial infections. SSI contributes significantly to increased health care costs in
terms of prolonged hospital stay and lost work days.
Objective: The current study was undertaken to identify incidence of SSI and the risk factors associated with it, and the
common organism isolated and its antibiotic sensitivity and resistance.
Material and Methods: A total number of 3211 patients admitted in general surgical wards for elective surgery in the
study period, out of which 1225 were clean and clean contaminated cases, fulfilling our study criteria. Totally 56 cases
had surgical site infections which had been taken up for this study. Wound discharges were sent for culture and sensitivity.
Results and Conclusions: The overall infection rate was 4.57%. The SSI rate was almost equal in clean surgeries and
clean contaminated ones. Superficial surgical site infections in the most commonest type and accounted for about 66.07%
of all the SSI’s and deep surgical site infection accounted for about 25% with 8.92% was organ space. The most
commonly isolated organism from surgical site infections was staphylococcus aureus followed by pseudomonas and then
E. coli. Drains, prosthesis usage and other risk factors of SSI have been identified. Most of the organisms which were
isolated were multidrug resistant. The high rate of resistance to many antibiotics underscored the need for a policy that
could promote a more rational use of antibiotics. Key-words- Surgical site infections, National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) risk index, Antibiotic
Ethanol (CH3CH2OH), or beverage alcohol, is a two-carbon alcohol
that is rapidly distributed in the body and brain. Ethanol alters many
neurochemical systems and has rewarding and addictive properties. It
is the oldest recreational drug and likely contributes to more morbidity,
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5th edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders
(DSM-5) integrates alcohol abuse and alcohol dependence into a single
disorder called alcohol use disorder (AUD), with mild, moderate,
and severe subclassifications (American Psychiatric Association, 2013).
In the DSM-5, all types of substance abuse and dependence have been
combined into a single substance use disorder (SUD) on a continuum
from mild to severe. A diagnosis of AUD requires that at least two of
the 11 DSM-5 behaviors be present within a 12-month period (mild
AUD: 2–3 criteria; moderate AUD: 4–5 criteria; severe AUD: 6–11 criteria).
The four main behavioral effects of AUD are impaired control over
drinking, negative social consequences, risky use, and altered physiological
effects (tolerance, withdrawal). This chapter presents an overview
of the prevalence and harmful consequences of AUD in the U.S.,
the systemic nature of the disease, neurocircuitry and stages of AUD,
comorbidities, fetal alcohol spectrum disorders, genetic risk factors, and
pharmacotherapies for AUD.
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These simplified slides by Dr. Sidra Arshad present an overview of the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract.
Learning objectives:
1. Enlist the non-respiratory functions of the respiratory tract
2. Briefly explain how these functions are carried out
3. Discuss the significance of dead space
4. Differentiate between minute ventilation and alveolar ventilation
5. Describe the cough and sneeze reflexes
Study Resources:
1. Chapter 39, Guyton and Hall Textbook of Medical Physiology, 14th edition
2. Chapter 34, Ganong’s Review of Medical Physiology, 26th edition
3. Chapter 17, Human Physiology by Lauralee Sherwood, 9th edition
4. Non-respiratory functions of the lungs https://academic.oup.com/bjaed/article/13/3/98/278874
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The "New Drug Discovery and Development" process involves the identification, design, testing, and manufacturing of novel pharmaceutical compounds with the aim of introducing new and improved treatments for various medical conditions. This comprehensive endeavor encompasses various stages, including target identification, preclinical studies, clinical trials, regulatory approval, and post-market surveillance. It involves multidisciplinary collaboration among scientists, researchers, clinicians, regulatory experts, and pharmaceutical companies to bring innovative therapies to market and address unmet medical needs.
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Prix Galien International 2024 Forum ProgramLevi Shapiro
June 20, 2024, Prix Galien International and Jerusalem Ethics Forum in ROME. Detailed agenda including panels:
- ADVANCES IN CARDIOLOGY: A NEW PARADIGM IS COMING
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ONCOLOGICAL AND INFLAMMATORY SKIN DISEASES?
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Lung Cancer: Artificial Intelligence, Synergetics, Complex System Analysis, S...Oleg Kshivets
RESULTS: Overall life span (LS) was 2252.1±1742.5 days and cumulative 5-year survival (5YS) reached 73.2%, 10 years – 64.8%, 20 years – 42.5%. 513 LCP lived more than 5 years (LS=3124.6±1525.6 days), 148 LCP – more than 10 years (LS=5054.4±1504.1 days).199 LCP died because of LC (LS=562.7±374.5 days). 5YS of LCP after bi/lobectomies was significantly superior in comparison with LCP after pneumonectomies (78.1% vs.63.7%, P=0.00001 by log-rank test). AT significantly improved 5YS (66.3% vs. 34.8%) (P=0.00000 by log-rank test) only for LCP with N1-2. Cox modeling displayed that 5YS of LCP significantly depended on: phase transition (PT) early-invasive LC in terms of synergetics, PT N0—N12, cell ratio factors (ratio between cancer cells- CC and blood cells subpopulations), G1-3, histology, glucose, AT, blood cell circuit, prothrombin index, heparin tolerance, recalcification time (P=0.000-0.038). Neural networks, genetic algorithm selection and bootstrap simulation revealed relationships between 5YS and PT early-invasive LC (rank=1), PT N0—N12 (rank=2), thrombocytes/CC (3), erythrocytes/CC (4), eosinophils/CC (5), healthy cells/CC (6), lymphocytes/CC (7), segmented neutrophils/CC (8), stick neutrophils/CC (9), monocytes/CC (10); leucocytes/CC (11). Correct prediction of 5YS was 100% by neural networks computing (area under ROC curve=1.0; error=0.0).
CONCLUSIONS: 5YS of LCP after radical procedures significantly depended on: 1) PT early-invasive cancer; 2) PT N0--N12; 3) cell ratio factors; 4) blood cell circuit; 5) biochemical factors; 6) hemostasis system; 7) AT; 8) LC characteristics; 9) LC cell dynamics; 10) surgery type: lobectomy/pneumonectomy; 11) anthropometric data. Optimal diagnosis and treatment strategies for LC are: 1) screening and early detection of LC; 2) availability of experienced thoracic surgeons because of complexity of radical procedures; 3) aggressive en block surgery and adequate lymph node dissection for completeness; 4) precise prediction; 5) adjuvant chemoimmunoradiotherapy for LCP with unfavorable prognosis.
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This includes all relevant anatomy and clinical tests compiled from standard textbooks, Campbell,netter etc..It is comprehensive and best suited for orthopaedicians and orthopaedic residents.
Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility...Sujoy Dasgupta
Dr Sujoy Dasgupta presented the study on "Couples presenting to the infertility clinic- Do they really have infertility? – The unexplored stories of non-consummation" in the 13th Congress of the Asia Pacific Initiative on Reproduction (ASPIRE 2024) at Manila on 24 May, 2024.
The prostate is an exocrine gland of the male mammalian reproductive system
It is a walnut-sized gland that forms part of the male reproductive system and is located in front of the rectum and just below the urinary bladder
Function is to store and secrete a clear, slightly alkaline fluid that constitutes 10-30% of the volume of the seminal fluid that along with the spermatozoa, constitutes semen
A healthy human prostate measures (4cm-vertical, by 3cm-horizontal, 2cm ant-post ).
It surrounds the urethra just below the urinary bladder. It has anterior, median, posterior and two lateral lobes
It’s work is regulated by androgens which are responsible for male sex characteristics
Generalised disease of the prostate due to hormonal derangement which leads to non malignant enlargement of the gland (increase in the number of epithelial cells and stromal tissue)to cause compression of the urethra leading to symptoms (LUTS
2. Post operative Endophthalmitis (POE) is
defined as a severe inflammation involving
both the anterior and posterior segments of
the eye secondary to an infectious agent.
Ophthalmol 2004; 49 (2): S55-S61
3. Postop. Endophthalmitis
The incidence of endophthalmitis though has sharply
declined over the past 40 yrs., it is still one of the most
catastrophic complications of eye surgery.
Incidence - 1900 - 10%
- 1950 - 1%
- 1990 - 0.3% or less
- 2008 – 0.09% *
* - J Cataract Refract Surg 2009; 35:629–636 Q 2009
ASCRS and ESCRS
4. Endophthalmitis - Prophylaxis
Remains a challenge
still
No firm guidelines
currently exist
Surgeon should be
cognizant of risk factors
Should assess their
patients carefully prior
to surgery
5. Post operative endophthalmitits is a
devastating condition and every step
should be taken to reduce its occurrence.
7. Day of presentation of infection
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
% infection
1-7 days 8-14 days >15 days >1 month
In most cases, infection occurs in immediate post-op period,
Suppl. Ophthal Times 2003; 28(5), 1-15
9. PRE OPERATIVE ANTIOBIOTIC
PROPHYLAXIS
Prophylactic methods in cataract surgery
include :
Identification and adequate treatment of
ocular surface infections prior to surgery.
Topical antibiotic prior to surgey.
Povidone-iodine usage prior to surgery.
Can J Ophthalmol. 2007 Oct;42(5):681-8.
10.
11. Pre-operative scrub
Povidone-iodine (5%) has broad
antibacterial, as well as antifungal &
antiviral activity
It decreases conjunctival flora growth to
91%
Can destroy bacteria in 30 secs
12. Patient - Povidone Iodine 5%
Best prophylactic agent
In conj. sac for few min
before surgery
Destroy bacteria in 30
sec.
Low cost and minimal
toxicity
Effect equivalent to 3
days course of topical
antibiotics
13. Use of Povidone – iodine largely reduces
the incidence of post – operative
endophthalmitis in any kind of
intraocular surgery.
Hara J, Yasuda F, Higashitsutsumi M. Preoperative disinfection of the conjunctival sac in cataract
surgery. Ophthalmologica. 1997;211 (suppl 1):62-67.
Rongrungruang Y, Tantaterdthum J, Tuntiwattanapibul Y, Sripalakij S, Danchaivijitr S. Bacterial
flora—A potential source of endophthalmitis after cataract surgery. J Med Assoc Thai. 2005;88
(suppl 10):S49-53.
Barkana Y, Almer Z, Segal O, Lazarovitch Z, Avni I, Zadok D. Reduction of conjunctival bacterial
flora by povidone-iodine, ofloxacin and chlorhexidine in an outpatient setting. Acta Ophthalmol
Scand. 2005;83(3):360-363.
15. Addition of vancomycin in the
concentration of 20 micrograms/ml in the
irrigating solution led to a statiscally
significant amount of reduction in the
number of bacterial colonies from aqueous
samples obtained 2 hours after surgery.
Am J Ophthalmol : 2001 March;131 (3):293-300.
16. Intraoperative usage of vancomycin
20microgm/ml and gentamicin
0.8microgm/ml reduces the culture
positivity of aqueous samples obtained at
end of surgey to < 6.8%.
Eur J Ophthalmol. 2003 Nov-Dec;13(9-10):773-8.
17. REDUCTION OF PREOPERATIVE CONJUNCTIVAL
BACTERIAL FLORA WITH THE USE OF MUPIROCIN
NASAL OINTMENT
Prospective, double-arm, blinded clinical trial of
37 eyes of 37 patients undergoing intraocular
surgery (cataract extraction or pars plana
vitrectomy) randomized to either control or
mupirocin treatment groups. Treated patients
received mupirocin nasal ointment twice daily for
5 days prior to surgery. Nasal cultures were
obtained in all patients. All patients received a
standard 5% povidone-iodine preparation before
the surgical procedure, and conjunctival cultures
were obtained in all patients before and after
the povidone-iodine preparation.
18. All of 37 patients nasal swabs were positive for bacterial
growth (cultures were obtained prior to the use of
mupirocin ointment in the treatment group). One of 15
eyes (6.7%) in the treatment group had positive
conjunctival cultures prior to povidone-iodine
preparation, compared with nine of 22 eyes (41%) in the
control group (P < .05). Even after povidone-iodine
preparation, eight of 22 eyes (36%) in the control group
demonstrated persistent positive cultures, whereas one
(6.7%) of the treatment eyes exhibited growth (P <
.05).
Trans Am Ophthalmol Soc. 2006 December; 104: 196–201.
19. Prophylactic use of mupirocin nasal
ointment resulted in significant reduction
of conjunctival flora with or without
preoperative topical 5% povidone-iodine
preparation. The use of mupirocin nasal
ointment prior to intraocular surgery or
intravitreal injections is a novel method for
reducing conjunctival contamination rates,
which theoretically should reduce the
incidence of endophthalmitis.
20. Role of prophylactic antibiotics
Studies have shown that prophylactic antibiotic
reduces the number of conjunctival bacteria at
the time of surgery
Optimal choice of pre-operative topical antibiotic
depends on spectrum of bacteria covered
Rapidity of killing
Duration of action
Penetration and toxicity of antibiotic
Antibiotic susceptibility pattern
Cost
21. INCREASING FLUOROQUINOLONE RESISTANCE
A number of recent studies have reported
emerging resistance to FQ’s among ocular
isolates particularly among gram positive
organisms
In recent years, up to 30% or more of S.
aureus strains are found to be
fluoroquinolone resistant
Surv Ophth 2004; 49(2): 579-583
22. A new generation
to treat infection
The fourth generation fluoroquinolones like
gatifloxacin, moxifloxacin have enhanced activity
against gram positive pathogens.
Organisms resistant to earlier gen FQs are
susceptible to fourth gen FQs
Secondly they are less prone to encourage
development of resistant strains
Surv Oph 2004,49 (2),S55-61
N
COOH
O
F
N
HN OCH3
1.5 H O
2
CH3
23. Potential role of 4th generation FQs
In terms of forestalling the development
of resistance, primary use of 4th gen FQs
may actually be a better strategy than
initial use of older FQs
Conventional strategy of reserving the use
of newer anti-microbial only when older
anti-microbial fails may not be a wise
strategy if applied to FQs
24. Aim : To study in vitro potency of 2nd, 3rd, 4th generation fq’s
for: bacterial endophthalmitis isolates
Results ( % of
significant colony
count)
CIP OFX GAT MOX Potency by
Rank
(p=.05)
2nd Gen FQ-Res SA 6.4 6.4 3.5 1.75 mox>gat>ci
p=ofx
2nd Gen FQ-Sen SA .32 .63 .11 .06 mox>gat>ci
p>ofx
CoagNeg Staph FQ 6.4 6.4 2.0 2.5 mox=gat>ci
p=ofx
CoagNeg. Staph FQ .13 .38 .09 .05 mox>gat=ci
p> ofx
Strep. pneumoniae .75 2.0 .22 .09 Mox>gat=ci
p>ofx
Gram-negatives .06 .19 .06 .08 Cip=gat=mo
x> ofx
25. Conclusion
In vitro study suggests that the 4th generation FQ are
more potent than the 2nd and 3rd generation FQ for
gram-positives and equally as potent for gram-negatives.
The 4th gen FQ appear to cover 2nd and 3rd generation
FQ resistance.
26. Comparison of 2 moxifloxacin regimens for preoperative prophylaxis:
prospective randomized triple-masked trial.
PURPOSE: To evaluate the aqueous concentration of moxifloxacin
following 2 dosing regimens of topically administered moxifloxacin
hydrochloride ophthalmic solution 0.5% (Vigamox).
In Group A (n = 76), Vigamox was instilled 4 times a day
1 day before surgery plus 1 drop 2 hours before surgery
(total of 5 drops). In Group B (n = 76), Vigamox was
first instilled 2 hours before surgery and then every 15
minutes for 1 hour (total of 5 drops). In both groups,
aqueous samples (0.1 mL) were collected within 2 hours
of the first instillation on the day of surgery
27. J Cataract Refract Surg (2008) 34: 1379-82.
A.R.Vasavada, D.Gajjar, S M Raj, V Vasavada
RESULTS: The mean aqueous humor concentration of
moxifloxacin was 1.58 microg/mL +/- 0.80 (SD) in Group
A and 2.05 +/- 0.72 microg/mL in Group B (P<.0001;
95% CI, -0.72 to -0.22).
CONCLUSIONS: Both dosing regimens produced
substantially higher aqueous concentrations than the
known minimum inhibitory concentration for
Staphylococcus epidermidis. Topical moxifloxacin
administered 2 hours before surgery achieved
significantly higher aqueous concentrations than topical
moxifloxacin administered 1 day before surgery with 1
drop given on the day of surgery.
28. Post-op Antibiotics
Injection of intracameral 1mg/0.1ml
of cefuroxime (3000ug/ml @ a/c ) at
the end of surgery:
It has been shown that the risk of
Endoph. with this regimen reduced by
almost 5 folds (ESCRS ) study.
29. ESCRS STUDY
A randomized prospective partially masked
cataract surgery study with 16603 patients
based on a 2×2 factorial design with
intracameral cefuroxmine 1mg in 0.1ml
normal saline or peri - operative topical
Levofloxacin drops.
30. RESULTS: 20 were proven to have infective endophthalmitis. The
absence of an intracameral cefuroxime prophylactic regimen at 1
mg in 0.1 mL normal saline was associated with a 4.92-fold
increase (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.87-12.9) in the risk for
total postoperative endophthalmitis.
In addition, the use of clear corneal incisions (CCIs) compared to
scleral tunnels was associated with a 5.88-fold increase (95% CI,
1.34-25.9) in risk.
The use of silicone intraocular lens (IOL) optic material compared
to acrylic with a 3.13-fold increase (95% CI, 1.47-6.67).
The presence of surgical complications increased the risk for total
endophthalmitis 4.95-fold (95% CI, 1.68-14.6), and more
experienced surgeons were more likely to be associated with
endophthalmitis cases.
When considering only proven infective endophthalmitis cases, the
absence of cefuroxime and the use of silicone IOL optic material
were significantly associated with an increased risk, and there was
evidence that men were more predisposed to infection (OR, 2.70;
95% CI, 1.07-6.8).
31. When considering only proven infective
endophthalmitis cases, the absence of
cefuroxime and the use of silicone IOL
optic material were significantly
associated with an increased risk, and
there was evidence that men were more
predisposed to infection (OR, 2.70; 95%
CI, 1.07-6.8).
J Catarac Refract Surg: 2007 June; 33(6) :978-88.
32. Nine eligible studies published between 2002 and
2008 were identified, eight of which are
presented.
The five in-vitro studies demonstrated that
moxifloxacin 0.5% and gatifloxacin 0.3% ( fourth
generation fluoroquinolones ) are statistically
more potent than levofloxacin 0.5% ( third
generation fluoroquinolone ) against Gram-
positive organisms and similar in potency in most
cases of Gram-negative bacteria.
Adv Ther 2008: Oct 25(10):975-99.
33. SUBCONJUNCTIVAL
ANTIBIOTICS
Subconjunctival antibiotics reduced the risk for
postoperative endophthalmitis by half.
44% of Australian and New Zealand ophthalmologists
routinely used perioperative subconjunctival antibiotic for
prophylaxis.
Rosha DS, Ng JQ, Morlet N, et al. Cataract surgery practice and endophthalmitis prevention by Australian and New
Zealand ophthalmologists. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2006; 34:535–544.
Lertsumitkul S, Myers PC, O’Rourke MT, Chandra J. Endophthalmitis in the western Sydney region: a case-control
study. Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2001; 29:400–405.
Colleaux KM, Hamilton WK. Effect of prophylactic antibiotics and incision type on the incidence of endophthalmitis
after cataract surgery. Can J Ophthalmol 2000; 35:373–378; discussion by RA Morgan, 378.
Lehmann OJ, Roberts CJ, Ikram K, et al. Association between nonadministration of subconjunctival cefuroxime
and postoperative endophthalmitis. J Cataract Refract Surg 1997; 23: 889–893.
34.
35. Prophylactic antibiotics reduced
infection risk after cataract surgery
Subconjunctival antibiotic injections
significantly decreased the incidence
of endophthalmitis in a study.
OCULAR SURGERY NEWS EUROPE/ASIA-PACIFIC EDITION October 1,
2001
36.
37. Patients undergoing clear-corneal surgery without
preoperative antibiotic drops or subconjunctival antibiotic
injections had the highest incidence of endophthalmitis
(0.417%). The postop infection rate was significantly
lower with subconjunctival antibiotic injections than
without (0.011% versus 0.179%; P=.009). While results
showed that use of antibiotic drops lowered the infection
rate, the difference was not statistically significant
(P=.48). However, the subgroup analysis revealed
patients who underwent clear-corneal surgery fared
better with the drops than without (0% versus 0.417%).
38. PERIOPERATIVE TOPICAL
ANTIBIOTICS
Aqueous penetration and biological activity of
moxifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic solution and
gatifloxacin 0.3% solution in cataract surgery
patients.
Ophthalmology (2005) 112: 1992-6. DH Kim, WJ Stark, TP O'Brien, JD Dick
39. This study demonstrated that after topically
administered perioperative antibiotics with
cataract surgery, moxifloxacin 0.5% ophthalmic
solution achieved a statistically significantly
higher concentration in aqueous humor
compared with gatifloxacin (P = 0.00003).
Results from the broth dilution analysis showed
that moxifloxacin 0.5% was biologically more
active against S. epidermidis than gatifloxacin
0.3% in aqueous humor after topical application.
There were no adverse events reported, and
incision wounds healed quickly and as expected.