This document discusses the anatomy, growth phases, functions, and medicolegal importance of hair. It describes the layers of hair including the root, shaft, cuticle, cortex, and medulla. There are three phases of hair growth: anagen, catagen, and telogen. Hair functions include protection, regulation of body temperature, and identification. Hair disorders and syndromes are also mentioned. The document outlines several medicolegal applications of hair examination including identification of individuals, determining the origin and cause of injuries, and estimating time since death or last hair treatment. Methods for temporary and permanent hair mounting and analysis are provided.
Analysis of hair and fiber , differentiating it between human and animals. analysis in identification cases of male and female and different places of body origin. Examination in sexual assault cases and extraction of DNA from hair from DNA fingerprinting.
Analysis of hair and fiber , differentiating it between human and animals. analysis in identification cases of male and female and different places of body origin. Examination in sexual assault cases and extraction of DNA from hair from DNA fingerprinting.
infanticide are quite common in India because of illiteracy as well as the female child unwanted . Now a days female sexual assault and murder is getting common in north Indian society
Forensic science PowerPoint presentation on Injury and it's medico-legal importance.
The slide is made for medical students. Mainly for BAMS students. It covers maximum points.
The slide is full of example with pictures which make it easy to understand the concept. It contains post-mortem findings as well as medico-legal importance of the each type of injury.
infanticide are quite common in India because of illiteracy as well as the female child unwanted . Now a days female sexual assault and murder is getting common in north Indian society
Forensic science PowerPoint presentation on Injury and it's medico-legal importance.
The slide is made for medical students. Mainly for BAMS students. It covers maximum points.
The slide is full of example with pictures which make it easy to understand the concept. It contains post-mortem findings as well as medico-legal importance of the each type of injury.
Trichotillomania (trik-o-til-o-MAY-nee-uh), also called hair-pulling disorder, is a mental disorder that involves recurrent, irresistible urges to pull out hair from your scalp, eyebrows or other areas of your body, despite trying to stop.
Hair pulling from the scalp often leaves patchy bald spots, which causes significant distress and can interfere with social or work functioning. People with trichotillomania may go to great lengths to disguise the loss of hair.
For some people, trichotillomania may be mild and generally manageable. For others, the compulsive urge to pull hair is overwhelming. Some treatment options have helped many people reduce their hair pulling or stop entirely.Symptoms
Signs and symptoms of trichotillomania often include:
Repeatedly pulling your hair out, typically from your scalp, eyebrows or eyelashes, but sometimes from other body areas, and sites may vary over time
An increasing sense of tension before pulling, or when you try to resist pulling
A sense of pleasure or relief after the hair is pulled
Noticeable hair loss, such as shortened hair or thinned or bald areas on the scalp or other areas of your body, including sparse or missing eyelashes or eyebrows
Preference for specific types of hair, rituals that accompany hair pulling or patterns of hair pulling
Biting, chewing or eating pulled-out hair
Playing with pulled-out hair or rubbing it across your lips or face
Repeatedly trying to stop pulling out your hair or trying to do it less often without success
Significant distress or problems at work, school or in social situations related to pulling out your hair
Many people who have trichotillomania also pick their skin, bite their nails or chew their lips. Sometimes pulling hairs from pets or dolls or from materials, such as clothes or blankets, may be a sign. Most people with trichotillomania pull hair in private and generally try to hide the disorder from others.
For people with trichotillomania, hair pulling can be:
Focused. Some people pull their hair intentionally to relieve tension or distress — for example, pulling hair out to get relief from the overwhelming urge to pull hair. Some people may develop elaborate rituals for pulling hair, such as finding just the right hair or biting pulled hairs.
Automatic. Some people pull their hair without even realizing they're doing it, such as when they're bored, reading or watching TV.
The same person may do both focused and automatic hair pulling, depending on the situation and mood. Certain positions or rituals may trigger hair pulling, such as resting your head on your hand or brushing your hair.
Trichotillomania can be related to emotions:
Negative emotions. For many people with trichotillomania, hair pulling is a way of dealing with negative or uncomfortable feelings, such as stress, anxiety, tension, boredom, loneliness, fatigue or frustration.
Positive feelings.
This ppt gives information about the hair structure, function of hair, hair cycle(all phase are explain in this ppt) how to maintain healthy hair during all the phase of the hair cycle.
Macroeconomics- Movie Location
This will be used as part of your Personal Professional Portfolio once graded.
Objective:
Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxtimhan337
Personal development courses are widely available today, with each one promising life-changing outcomes. Tim Han’s Life Mastery Achievers (LMA) Course has drawn a lot of interest. In addition to offering my frank assessment of Success Insider’s LMA Course, this piece examines the course’s effects via a variety of Tim Han LMA course reviews and Success Insider comments.
How to Make a Field invisible in Odoo 17Celine George
It is possible to hide or invisible some fields in odoo. Commonly using “invisible” attribute in the field definition to invisible the fields. This slide will show how to make a field invisible in odoo 17.
2. overview
Layers of hair
3 phases of hair growth
Functions of hair
Hair disorders
Medicolegal importance
Medicolegal application
3. Introduction
Accessory structure of the skin
Trichology- study of hair
Important clues for crime investigators
Apart from burning ,hair is virtually indestructible
Identifiable even on bodies with advanced stage of decomposition
4. The Layers of the hair
Root – portion of the hair at the base of the skin
Shaft-portion of the hair lying above the skin
Cuticle-thin non pigmented microscopic scales
Cortex-hard keratin
Medulla-keratinized remains of cells
Tip –non medullated
5. cuticle
Cuticle is outer
layer of the hair shaft
It consists of several
layers of flat ,thin
cells without over-
lapping one another
cortex
The region of hair
located between cuticle
& medulla layer
containing pigment
granules known as
cortex.
6. Medulla
It is the central part of the hair, made up of large
loosely connected cells which contains keratin.
Sometimes medulla may be absent in some
species.
Medulla is divided into 5 types:
Continuous
Interrupted
Fragmented
Solid
Absent.
8. Medullary index of hair
Ratio of diameter of medulla and diameter of the whole hair shaft
In humans it is less than 0.3 and in animals more than 0.5
The value varies in the hair of different parts of the body
It is also helpful to know the parts of the body from which it is derived.
MI=DIAMETER OF MEDULLA /DIAMETER OF CORTEX
9. 3 phases of hair growth
Hair Is The Fastest Growing Tissue In The Body
Anagen (growth) -2-7 years
Hair grows at the rate of 0.3 mm per day during the anagen phase
Catagen (transition)-2 to 3 weeks
Telogen (resting)-hair follice is at rest no new growth ,2-4 months
On average ,50 hairs are lost and replaced per day
Hair is darker and visble to the human is called terminal hair.
Area of the body that appear to be hairless, but shorter ,finer that lack medulla layer are called
vellus hair.
Neonates born with lanugo hair ,fine hair that gets shed in utero or within the first weeks of
life.
10.
11. Functions of hair
Hair is a protein ( alpha –keratin) filament that grows from hair follicles originate in the
dermis and extend through out epidermis to the surface.
Protection
Filter
Regulation of body temperature
Act as a sense organ
Facial expression
Visual identification
Attraction
16. Scale casting method
Cellulose acetatemethod:
Clean microscope slide-
place thin layer of cellulose
acetate paste
With fine forceps –place
hair on it
Allow to dry for 5 minutes
Observes scales of hair
under microscope
Polaroidcoatermethod:
Place hair on clean microscope
slide
Using polaroid film coater,make
2 or 3 passes along the length of
the hair
Allow to dry -23 hours
With sharp scalpel ,slice
excess coating
Observe the scale impression
microscopically.
18. identification:
Age of the person-infant ,adult ,elder
Sex (male or female)
Racial profile of the person
19. Is the material in the crime scene is hair or fibre
Is it human hair or animal hair
1. Part of the body the hair has orginated
20. Has the hair being altered by dyeing,bleaching,
or diseased
Hair- is it of the victim or the suspect-ABO,DNA Profiling.
Hair fall naturally or was it forcibly removed
Cause of injury
Tunnneling -fungus
21. 1.Uncut hair –tip pointed
and non medullated
2.Sharp weapon –clean
uniform cut wound
3.Blunt force-flattening
and splitting of hair shaft
4.Burns-swollen
,fragile,curled,twisted
and peculiar odour
Cause of injury Postmortemrootbanding
1. Decomposed
body
2. An opaque
band of about
0.5mm above
root bulb is
present
3. Seen only by
light
microscope
23. For identification-Assailant identification
Nature of weapon
Nature of assault
Types of
stains
Cases
Seminal Sexual Offence
Blood Injury
Salivary Asphyxial Death
Mud Struggle /RTA
Carbon
Particle
Burns/Firearm Injury
Dyes Concealment Of Natural
Colour
Stains attached
on the hair
24. Establish relationship between offence ,offender and the victim
important clue
1. Rape and sodomy cases- pubic hair of the accused may be detected on the
victim or vice versa
2. Bestiality-animal hair may be found around genitalia
3. Road traffic accidents-hair of the victim may be found adherent to the
offending car.
Helps in differentiating burns from scalds
1. Burns-brittle ,charred with large round vacuoles at the point of burning
2. Scalds-absent.
25. Hairalcoholtesting
1. Person consumed alcohol or not
2. The concentration of ethyl glucuronide and fatty acid ethyl esters
found in a hair sample
3. It does not determined the number of times or amount consumed
Timesincedeath
1. Estimated from growth of scalp hair or beard
2. Growth rate :2.5mm/week or 0.4 mm/day
3. If the date of last shaved is known ,it is possible to calculate for what
period the deceased survived after his last shave.
26. Causeof death
1.Poisons such as arsenic ,thallium ,or lead can be determined from
hair.
2.Sometimes accidental poisoning may occur with compunds like
aniline derivatives includes para-phenylene diamine (PPD) and
rescorcinol found in hair dye.
Thank you
27. REFERRENCE
Narayan reddy 34th edition .
Anil aggrawal
Gawtham biswas
Article of south america –sampling procedure of hair
https://www.slideshare.net/bhaskar29/forensic-examination-of-hairs
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6088218/
