This document discusses guidance and counseling. It defines guidance as helping direct individuals to understand their strengths/limitations and solve problems/make decisions. Counseling is defined as a helping relationship that facilitates personal growth and problem solving through communication. The key aspects of counseling are that it is structured, goal-directed, time-limited, focuses on the client, and discusses psychologically important issues confidentially. Guidance programs should be integrated with education to holistically develop students and be responsive to their needs by addressing issues unique to their environment. Qualified personnel should administer programs. The need for guidance services stems from issues like changing family structures, increased mobility, and greater possibilities of experiencing crises.

1. PRINCIPLES
OF
GUIDANCE AND
COUNSELING
r.a.s.Borja

2. What is GUIDANCE?
• “to direct” or “to point out”
• giving assistance or helping a person to
solve certain concerns
• helping an individual in understanding
one‘s strengths and limitations as well as
directing self in solving problems and
making decisions.

3. Guidance is also defined as:
• an activity in which many persons and
organizations take part
• given individuals by their parents, relatives,
and friends and by the community at large
through various educational, industrial,
social, religious, and political agencies and,
particularly, through the press and
broadcasting services

4. Guidance is also defined as:
• giving of information that enables others to
increase the scope of their exploratory
behavior
• providing information about a person’s own
abilities and interests as determined by
psychological tests or about educational
opportunities and the requirements of
various occupations

5. WHAT IS COUNSELING?
• Shertzer and Stone “a helping relationship”
• Gazda- “facilitating personal growth and
problem solving through effective
interpersonal communication”

6. Counseling
• Patterson:
• 1- influencing voluntary behavior change on the
part of the client.
• 2- providing conditions that facilitate voluntary
change
• 3- a relationship with limits
• 4- conditions facilitating behavior change are
provided through interviews
• 5. Is private and confidential

7. Counseling is NOT
• Persuasion
• Discipline
• Giving Advice
• Giving information

8. COUNSELING
• STRUCTURED AS TO TIME AND PLACE
• GOAL DIRECTED
• TIME LIMITED
• FOCUS ON CLIENT
• SYSTEMATIC-ORGANIZED AND PLANNED
• DISCUSS PSYCHOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT ISSUES
• NON EVALUATIVE
• CONFIDENTIAL

9. COUNSELING vs PSYCHOTHERAPY
• Focus on less severe problems
• Shorter duration
• Preventive more than remedial

10. Guidance Programs Based on Basic
Principles
• It is an integral part of the educational
system
– Provides holistic development of the students
– Education+guidance support=maximize
– Administrative /faculty understanding+guidance=
success
– Guidance staff have separate and distinct tasks
from discipline and teaching

11. • It is responsive to students’ needs
– Addresses needs, unique to school culture,
continuous process
• It recognizes the student as an individual
– Individuality (needs, capabilities)
• The program is in the hands of qualified
personnel
– Trained and a role model

12. Basic Principles for Community Agencies
• Understand the characteristics of the population
and environment where agency is serving
• Data must be factual, not theoretical
• Communicate to the staff and the community any
findings about the community/ activities
• Specify goals, established priorities and identify
procedures to achieve goals
• Evaluate the program for improvements and
public support

13. The Need for Guidance Services
• The Family Situation
– The Disappearing Family
– The Unready Family
– The Pathological Family
• Increased Mobility of Filipinos
– Increasing Course Options and Educational Attainment
– New Job Titles
– Lack of Job Possibilities
– New Trends in Permanency and Tenure
– Increasing Financial Difficulty

14. • Increasing Possibilities of Experiencing
Crisis
– Calamities
– Crimes
– Learning and Other Disorders