The document discusses the definitions of religion, spirituality, theology, and philosophy of religion. It notes that religion involves a system of beliefs and practices relating to sacred things, while spirituality is more concerned with personal experience. Theology is defined as the academic study of God and religion, while philosophy of religion analyzes religious concepts through philosophical inquiry. The key difference outlined is that religion represents humans' approach to the divine, while theology and philosophy reflect on God's relationship to humanity from an academic or experiential perspective.

1. INTRODUCTION TO
WORLD RELIGION AND
BELIEF SYSTEM

3. ATTENDANC
E

4. NEWS
UPDATE

8. Don't be religious, Be
Spiritual

14. Webster's definition of religion
Any specific system of
belief, worship, conduct,
etc., involving a code of
ethics and a philosophy

15. Wikipedia’s definition of religion
 Religion is a cultural
system of behaviors and
practices, world views, sacred
texts, holy places, ethics,
and societal organisation that
relate humanity to what an
anthropologist has called "an
order of existence".

16. 2 ways of defining religion as a
social reality
1. Substantive, which is
concerned with the
constitutes religion.
2. Functional, which is
concerned with the social
consequences of religion.

17. Substantive
Religion involves
belief and practices
which assume the
existence of
supernatural beings.

18. Functional
Unified system of beliefs
and practices relative to
sacred things, that is to say,
things set a part and
forbidden-beliefs and
practices which unite into
one single moral community.

19. SO WHAT
DEFINITION OF
RELIGION MUST WE
ADOPT?

20. From the point view of the social
sciences?
 Religion is a system of beliefs
and practices by which a group of
people interprets and responds to
what they feel is sacred and
usually supernatural as well
-Johnstone
2004,13

21. DIFFERENTIATE RELIGION
FROM: A. SPIRITUALITY
B. THEOLOGY
C. PHILOSOPHY OF
RELIGION

22. Spirituality
The quality or state of
being concerned with
religion or religious
matters: the quality and
state of being spiritual.

23. Theology
The study of religious
faith,practice and
experience: the study of
God and God’s relation
to the world.

24. Theology
Theology is the critical
study of the nature of the
divine. It is taught as an
academic discipline,
typically in universities,
seminaries and schools of
divinity

25. Theology
Theology translates into
English from
the Greek theologia which
derived
from Τheos meaning
"God," and -logia meaning
"utterances, sayings,

26. Philosophy
The study of ideas about
knowledge, truth, the
nature and meaning of
life.etc.
A set of ideas about how
to do something or how

27.  Religion is an
institution
established by
man for various
reasons. Exert
control, instill
morality, stroke
egos, or whatever
it does.
 Spirituality is born
in a person and
develops in the
person
Religion
/Religious
Spirituality/ Being
Spiritual

28.  Religion has a
dogmatic and
unquestionable
assembly of
rules that need
to be followed
without question
 Spirituality
invites you to
reason it all, to
question it all
and to decide
your actions and
assume the
consequences
Religion
/Religious
Spirituality/ Being
Spiritual

29. Religion
does not
investigate
and does
not question
Spirituality
questions
everything
Religion
/Religious
Spirituality/ Being
Spiritual

30. Religion
gives you
promises for
the after-life
 Spirituality gives
you the light to
find God in your
inner self, in this
life, in the
present, in the
here and the
now…
Religion
/Religious
Spirituality/ Being
Spiritual

31. Religion
focuses on
what
pleases
man.
 Being spiritual
focuses on
what pleases
God
Religion
/Religious
Spirituality/ Being
Spiritual

33.  26Kung ang sinoman ay nagiisip na siya'y
relihioso samantalang hindi pinipigil ang
kaniyang dila, kundi dinadaya ang kaniyang
puso, ang relihion ng taong ito ay walang
kabuluhan. 27Ang dalisay na relihion at
walang dungis sa harapan ng ating Dios at
Ama ay ito, dalawin ang mga ulila at mga
babaing bao sa kanilang kapighatian, at
pagingatang walang dungis ang kaniyang sarili
sa sanglibutan.

34. Religion
involves
emotions
and
externals
spirituality
involves the
whole being-
Spirituality
involves one's
total self in
his/her
relationship to
Religion
/Religious
Spirituality/ Being
Spiritual

35. 2 Corinthians 8:3-6
 3 For I testify that according to their ability, and
beyond their ability, they gave of their own
accord, 4 begging us with much urging for
the favor [a]of participation in the [b]support of
the [c]saints, 5 and this, not as we
had [d]expected, but they first gave themselves
to the Lord and to us by the will of God. 6 So
we urged Titus that as he had previously made
a beginning, so he would also complete in
you this gracious work as well

36. 2 Corinthians 8:3-6
 6Ano pa't namanhik kami kay Tito, na yamang
siya'y nagpasimula nang una, ay siya na rin
ang gumanap sa inyo ng biyayang
ito.7Datapuwa't yamang kayo'y nagsisisagana
sa lahat ng mga bagay, sa pananampalataya,
at pananalita, at kaalaman, at sa buong
kasipagan, at sa inyong pagibig sa amin ay
magsisagana naman kayo sa biyayang
ito. 8Hindi ako nangungusap na tulad sa
naguutos, kundi gaya ng sumusubok sa
pamamagitan ng kasipagan ng iba ang
katapatan naman ng inyong pagibig.

37. Religion
follows
man's
standards
spirituality
follows God's
standards
Religion
/Religious
Spirituality/ Being
Spiritual

39.  Mangagingat kayo na huwag magsigawa ng
katuwiran sa harap ng mga tao, upang kanilang
makita: sa ibang paraan ay wala kayong ganti ng
inyong Ama na nasa langit.2Kaya nga pagka ikaw
ay naglilimos, ay huwag kang tutugtog ng
pakakak sa harap mo, na gaya ng ginagawa ng
mga mapagpaimbabaw sa mga sinagoga at sa
mga daan, upang sila'y mangagkapuri sa mga
tao. Katotohanang sinasabi ko sa inyo, Tinanggap
na nila ang sa kanila'y ganti.3Datapuwa't pagka
ikaw ay naglilimos, ay huwag maalaman ng iyong
kaliwang kamay ang ginagawa ng iyong kanang
kamay: 4Upang ang iyong paglilimos ay malihim:
at ang iyong Ama na nakakikita sa lihim ay
gagantihin ka.

40. Matthew 6:5-8

5 “And when you pray, do not be like the
hypocrites, for they love to pray standing in the
synagogues and on the street corners to be seen
by others. Truly I tell you, they have received their
reward in full. 6 But when you pray, go into your
room, close the door and pray to your Father, who
is unseen. Then your Father, who sees what is
done in secret, will reward you. 7 And when you
pray, do not keep on babblinglike pagans, for they
think they will be heard because of their many
words. 8 Do not be like them, for your Father
knows what you needbefore you ask him.

41. Matthew 6:5-8
 6Datapuwa't ikaw, pagka ikaw ay mananalangin,
pumasok ka sa iyong silid, at kung mailapat mo
na ang iyong pinto, ay manalangin ka sa iyong
Ama na nasa lihim, at ang iyong Ama na
nakakikita sa lihim ay gagantihin ka.
 7At sa pananalangin ninyo ay huwag ninyong
gamitin ang walang kabuluhang paulitulit, na gaya
ng ginagawa ng mga Gentil: sapagka't iniisip
nilang dahil sa kanilang maraming kasasalita ay
didinggin sila. 8Huwag nga kayong magsigaya sa
kanila: sapagka't talastas ng inyong Ama ang mga
bagay na inyong kinakailangan, bago ninyo hingin
sa kaniya.

42. Religion
follows
man's
standards
spirituality
follows God's
standards
Religion
/Religious
Spirituality/ Being
Spiritual

43.  Any specific
system of belief,
worship,
conduct, etc.,
involving a code
of ethics and a
philosophy."
 Theology is the
study of God
and (formal)
religions
Religion
/Religious
Theology

44. religion as
humans’
way to
God,
theology as
a study of
God’s way
to humans
Religion
/Religious
Theology

45.  In Theological
studies students
are encouraged to
let their faith and
their scholarship
interact and inform
one another,
 Religious
studies the
dialogue
between
personal faith
and academic
work is at best
Religion
/Religious
Theology

46.  Philosophy of
religion is the
philosophical
study of the
meaning and
nature of religion
 Religion
involves belief
and practices
which assume
the existence of
supernatural
beings.
Religion
/Religious
Philosophy of
Religion

47.  It includes the
analyses of
religious concepts,
beliefs, terms,
arguments, and
practices of
religious
adherents
 Religion
involves belief
and practices
which assume
the existence of
supernatural
beings.
Religion
/Religious
Philosophy of
Religion

48.  philosophy as a
reflection of
humans’ lived
experience of God
 Religion as
humans’ way to
God
Religion
/Religious
Philosophy of
Religion

49. Religion as humans’ way to
God, theology as a study
of God’s way to humans
and philosophy as a
reflection of humans’ lived
experience of God