This document discusses the importance of participatory geographic information systems (PGIS) for natural resource management and planning. PGIS combines geo-spatial tools like maps, imagery and GPS to represent local spatial knowledge and facilitate discussion, analysis and decision making. It gives voice to local communities in challenges like sustainable resource use, disaster risk reduction and access to clean water. Case studies show how PGIS approaches like participatory mapping and spatial analysis can help plan infrastructure like wells while balancing community needs and environmental protection. While beneficial, PGIS requires addressing issues like power imbalances and managing community expectations. Overall, PGIS is a useful tool for collaborative and community-based natural resource governance.

1. Presented by
Arfanara Najnin
M2012188@isegi.unl.p
t
MSc in Geospatial
Technologies

2. "As global population
continues to
grow, mankind must learn
to balance consumption
and conservation of the
planet's scarce
commodities. GIS
technology brings a new
perspective to the
challenges faced by
natural resource
managers...“ Laura Lang
MSc in Geospatial
Technologies

3. Natural Resources
What is PGIS
Study aim & objectives
Knowledge Discovery
Brief history of PPGIS
Reflection of NRM&P
Why PGIS in NRM&P?
Approaches of good PGIS
Methods of PGIS in NRM
Some negative aspects of PGIS
Case studies
Documentaries & initiatives
Critical reasoning & conclusion
References MSc in Geospatial
Technologies

4. Natural resources are naturally occurring
substances that are considered valuable in their
relatively unmodified natural form
(Source, Wikipedia)
NRM is the management of land, water, soil, plants
& animals, with a particular focus on sustainability
Like energy, conservation of natural resources is
equally important
Spatial based Information is the base for natural
resource management & planning (NRM&P)
MSc in Geospatial
Technologies

5. PGIS combines a range of geo-spatial management
tools and methods such as sketch maps, participatory
3D Modelling, aerial photographs, satellite
imagery, GPS & GIS
It represents people’s spatial knowledge in the form of
virtual or physical, 2 or 3 dimensional maps used as
interactive vehicles for spatial
learning, discussion, information exchange, analysis
decision making & advocacy
(Rambaldi et al., 2006)
Giving Voice to the Unspoken……..
MSc in Geospatial
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6. Agriculture and food security
Endangered species
Forestry and wildfire
Clean water
Reclaiming brown fields
Disaster planning and recovery
Deforestation
Identifying resources at risk
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7. The aim of this study is to gain knowledge about the
importance of GIS technology through people’s
participation to ensure sustainable NRM & P
The specific objectives of this study are:
Identify the importance of PGIS for natural resources
management
Review knowhow about the PGIS tools & techniques for
ensuring sustainable NRM
Identify the application of PGIS in the filed of NRM&P
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8. Brief history of PPGIS or PGIS
Reflection of NRM&P
Why PGIS in NRM&P?
Approaches of good PGIS
Methods of PGIS in NRM
Some negative aspects of PGIS
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9. Participatory map creation started at late 1980s
sketch mapping using PRA
Using local knowledge to facilitate insider & outsider
Little charting course of action to the local people
The status of mapping changed in the 90s due to flow of
modern GI technologies
i.e. GIS, GPS, RS, Open sources (Internet) & web based GIS
Availability of low cost and user friendly software & computer
hardware
The new environment promote community
involvement in GIT&S which is known as PGIS
MSc in Geospatial
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10. NRM&P by considering land as 3
different but inter-related
perspectives (bind a society
together, the societal values, the
economy & ecology)
Bridges the gap between them by
which resources could be carefully
utilised for the benefits of the present The Trintarian Approach
& the future generations to NRM (Latu, 2009).
MSc in Geospatial
Technologies

11. Ensuring good governance & Sustainable NRM
& Development
sustainable resources management Good
Governance
to enable development
practitioners, government officials & PGIS
local level people to work together to
plan appropriate programs 1
Public
Ensure community-based natural (Grass root
GIS)
resource management (CBNRM) 2
3
structural knowledge distortion &
Participat
ion GIS
community empowerment (Collabora
tive
process of
(new
technolog
y GIS)
GIS)
3 x-cutting view of PPGIS
Source: Tim Nyerges 2007
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12. Conceptual
Understanding the local political context, culture, people &
problems
Defining good practice (including communities’ empowerment)
data models to address natural resources & ownership rights
Practical
Networking to share experiences & to help practitioners
Institutional
Institutionalizing PGIS at various levels & in different contexts
Influencing policy making
Financial
Resources
Technical (Rambaldi and Weiner, 2004)
Training & need for expertise
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13. Ephemeral (temporary) maps
drawing maps on the ground by using raw materials like soil, pebbles, sticks
Sketch Mapping
large sheets of Kraft paper & marker pens or chalk
Scale Mapping
ISK superimposed on a geo-coded & scaled map
PGIS spatial Analysis
local spatially referenced & non spatial data are integrated & analyzed
Participatory 3-Dimentioanal Mapping (P3DM)
large-scale relief maps made of locally available materials (e.g. carton, paper, cork)
Photomaps
Photomaps are printouts of geometrically corrected aerial photographs
Mobile devices (PDA-GPS)
pinpoint positioning and instant visual data capture
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14. According to Dr. Robert Chambers who elaborates on PGIS practice,
Need to learn many things that are wrong with respect
to PRA and avoid that
Taking peoples time without any recompense
Raising people's expectation &
endangering or disempowering them
Conflict within or between a group or community
through PGIS
Ethical commitment of the facilitators
Sources: http://www.iapad.org/chambers.htm
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15. 1. Reducing the Risk of Disasters through Participatory
3D Mapping, Philippine
2. Arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh: spatial mitigation
planning with GIS & public participation
3. Application of PGIS for Rural Community
Development & Local Level Spatial Planning System
in Sri Lanka
4. An analysis of the relationships between multiple
values & physical landscapes at a regional scale
using public participation GIS and landscape
character classification
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16. Steps of P3DM (as an Integrative tool for DRR)
http://www.pacificdisast
er.net/pdnadmin/data/d
ocuments/6667.html
Source: http://www.iapad.org/publications/ppgis/
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17. Materials uses are push-pins (for point features, yarns
(for linear features), acrylic paint (for areal
features), glue, scissors, cutter, pencils, felt
pens, masking tape, paintbrushes, carbon paper , wood
and plywood for the table, corrugated cartons, etc.
building of a 2.74 m x 2.74 m 3-dimensional map
covering the whole village of Macawayan with a land
area of 333.33 ha.
Overlapping hazard-prone areas & vulnerable assets
allows people to mitigate disaster risk in their
immediate environment
Resulted in concerted actions including both bottom-up
and top-down measures to enhance DRR
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18. Easy-to-update disaster
risk assessment in
Dagupan, Philippines, in
July 2009
DRR planning in
Masantol, Philippines,
in August 2009
Volcanologist, municipal
planning officer, school
principal, village chief and
locals discussing DRR in
Irosin, Philippines, Jan. 2010
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19. Spatial deep tubewell planning with PPGIS techniques
Selected focus-groups
for group discussion
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20. the focus-group participants
considered different parameters
for deep tubewell planning
They drew maps (participatory
sketching) for the locations of
deep tubewells with their buffer
zones (300 m)
Transforming the mental maps Participatory views on Map of spatial deep tube-well planning
into a GIS shows a number of
overlapping & unserved
settlement areas
one deep tubewell for each 350
people, generally who live
within a buffer distance of
300 m were considered for the
planning
Transforming participatory views of spatial deep tube-well planning
Composite mental mapping and expert views of spatial deep tube-well planningGeospatial
into a GIS. MSc in
Technologies

21. Pursuing social goals
through PGIS
Employing a Participatory
Approach in applying Geo-
Information to Spatial
Planning
Development of regional GII
for the
State, INGO, NGO, or any
other development
practitioners
This can be used as a village
plan & the livelihood
activities
Bottom-up planning process
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22. Village
boundary, distribution
of road
network, housing
units, water streams
etc. are drawn by the
community on the
ground
Bottom-up planning
process
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23. Steps of PPGIS
To prepare the spatial data for analysis intersected Map of study area Otago and Southland region in
the 8 PPGIS landscape values with the 6 NZLC New Zealand that includes the Otago and Southland
landscape components (landform, land regions. Mapped landscape values (n ≈ 9000) appear
cover, dominant land cover, water, water view & in the study region as points.
infrastructure) & landscape classes.
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24. In New Zealand the residents &
visitors identified the locations of
different landscape values (e.g.,
aesthetic, recreation, economic,
ecological, social, historical, &
wilderness values) in two regions
on the South Island
The landscape values mapped in the
process are perceptual, but grounded
in local knowledge & human
experience.
They analyzed the relationships
between these perceived values &
physical landscape features–where
human geography meets physical From the empirical landscape value/feature
geography. relationships, they generated (extrapolated) social
landscape value maps for the entire country of
New Zealand (Browna and Brabynb, 2012)
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25. 1. Localisation, Participation and Communication: an
Introduction to Good PGIS Practice
http://www.iapad.org/video_good-practice.htm
2. Participatory 3D Modelling the Future in Boe Boe
Community, Solomon Islands
https://vimeo.com/groups/23214/videos/32145985
Source: www.iapad.org
MSc in Geospatial
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26. The donor agencies need to understand PGIS & required not
too much, fast & bigger scale
Understanding the importance of training & not trying to rush
training
Training to the communities as well as the training facilitators
Embedding of a whole set of questions
Who gains & who loses
Whose model or map is it & who keeps it
Whose legend on the map
Who is empowered and who is disempowered
Regional Level Computer based Information System should be
established in the local administrative office with GIS
technology for project planning & monitoring
(Source: Dr. Robert Chambers)
MSc in Geospatial
Technologies

27. A PPGIS would meet ‘its claims’ as a tool for good practice
only when it can meet accountability, legitimacy,
ownership, equity & competence
we need integrated approaches as we are the world & it is
not too late to do something for us all
To make people informed in decision making process
public participatory GIS & techniques are suitable tools for
sustainable resources management
It helps to empowering the local community & awareness
raising
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28. B.A.U.I.KUMARA. 2008. Application of Participatory GIS for Rural Community Development
and Local Level Spatial Planning System in Sri Lanka.
BROWNA, G. & BRABYNB, L. 2012. An analysis of the relationships between multiple values
and physical landscapes at a regional scale using public participation GIS and landscape
character classification. Landscape and Urban Planning.
CHAMBERS, D. R. Dr. Robert Chambers elaborates on Participatory GIS (PGIS) practice.
Available from: http://www.iapad.org/chambers.htm [Accessed 15 th December 2012].
GAILLARD, J., CADAG, J. R. D., FELLIZAR-CAGAY, M., FRANCISCO, A. & GLIPO, A. 2011.
Reducing the Risk of Disasters through Participatory 3-Dimensional Mapping in
Irosin, Philippine. Philippines: Center for Disaster Preparedness, Philippines.
HASSAN, M. M. 2005. Arsenic poisoning in Bangladesh: Spatial Mitigation Planning with GIS
and Public Participation. Health Policy, , 74, 247-260.
LANG, L. 2003. Managing Natural Resources with GIS. New York Street, Redlands, California:
ESRI.
Rambaldi, G., & Weiner, D. (2004). Paper presented at the 3rd International Conference on
Public Participation GIS, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA.
RAMBALDI, G., MCCALL, M., KYEM, P. A. K. & WEINER, D. 2006. Participatory Spatial
Information Management and Communication in Developing Countries Electronic Journal on
Information System in Developing Countries (EJISDC), 25, 1-9.
https://vimeo.com/ctavideo/p3dm-ovalau MSc in Geospatial
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29. I want to be
alive…..
Thank you all……
MSc in Geospatial
Technologies