Abstract: We need energy for every day today work of our life. There are many conventional methods of energy generation but these are depleting very fastly hence non-conventional energy system is very essential at this time to our nation. So an alternate method of non conventional energy generation is proposed in this project. In this project we are generating electrical power as non-conventional method by simply walking or running on foot step.Here Dynamometer is used for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. The voltage generated by this sensor is stored in battery which will be later on transmitted wirelessly to charge the mobiles.
These slides present the maximum power point tracking (MPPT ) algorithms for solar (PV) systems. Later of the class we will discuss on MPPT control of wind generators.
This slides are the Ph.D. work presentation on Active Power Filter design and implementation for harmonic elimination in micro-grid and electric vehicle
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Today large number of new technologies depends on electrical supply system, so complexity of
wires is very high. In this project, as requirement of wireless electrical power system, project
team present an analysis the concept of cable less transmission i.e. Power without the usage of
any kind of the electrical conductor or wires. Transmission or distribution of 50 or 60 Hz
electrical energy from the generation point to the consumers end without any physical wire has
yet to mature as a familiar and viable technology.
Our team chose to project the feasibility of wireless power transmission through
inductive coupling. This consists of using a transmission and receiving coils as the coupling
antennas. Although the coils do not have to be solenoid they must be in the form of closed loops
to both transmit and receive power. To transmit power an alternating current must be passed
through a closed loop coil. The alternating current will create a time varying magnetic field. The
flux generated by the time varying magnetic field will then induce a voltage on a receiving coil
closed loop system. This seemingly simple system outlines the major principle that our research
investigated. The primary benefits to using inductive coupling are the simplicity of the
transmission and receiving antennas, additionally for small power transmission this is a much
safer means of conveyance. To demonstrate the success of our the teams we created a receiving
circuit to maximize the amount of received power and light an LED at a distance up to two feet.
We were able to create both transmission and receiving circuits capable of transmitting the
necessary power to light an LED in a pulsed mode. On average with transmitting one watt of
power the receiving circuit was able to receive 100 micro-watts of power. While the efficiency of
the system is extremely low, approximately 0.01% with some improvements we feel certain the
efficiency could be greatly improved. Furthermore, as the transmission distance is decreased the
efficiency of any system using inductive coupling improves exponentially.
Part of Lecture series on EE321N, Power Electronics-I delivered by me during Fifth Semester of B.Tech. Electrical Engg., 2012
Z H College of Engg. & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
Please comment and feel free to ask anything related. Thanks!
Effect of Humidity on the Impulse Breakdown Characteristic of Airpaperpublications3
Abstract: In this paper random approach towards the study of breakdown of air under uncontrolled atmospheric condition of temperature and pressure is considered. An attempt has been made to show the breakdown voltage of air increases with the increases in humidity which is in contradiction to the fact that breakdown voltage increases with humidity, when temperature and pressure are kept constant. It is also revealed that the density of air plays an important role to determine the breakdown voltage. Experiment is carried out under different conditions of relative humidity and different values of temperature and pressure for Sphere-Sphere and Rod gaps.
Abstract: In this paper three phase load flow analysis on four bus system using Mi Power software is reformed. As power system never operates under steady state condition therefore single phase load flow analysis doesn’t provide accurate results. Hence three phase load flow analysis which can be performed under different contingencies, provide data when system is unbalanced. The system is analysing on the basis of parameter values in MW & MVAR for transmission line and generator buses. Harmonic values of resistance, reactance, and susceptance can predict the condition of small and large kind of system network. This type of analysis is useful for solving the power flow problem in different power systems which will useful to calculate the unknown parameter.
Abstract: Watermarking is mainly projected for copy right protection, data safeguard, and data thrashing, etc. Nowadays all the communication requires protection. Estimation of video quality has a major role in today’s video distribution, communication control and e-commerce. Consumer fulfillment is achieved by providing good quality. Here the video input is changed into frames and the image set as watermark is embedded into the frames. The embedding process is carried out using DWT, then the embedded frame and other remaining frames are again changed into video file and it is transmitted. At the receiver side watermark image is extracted from the video. Finally, by using metrics such as TDR, PSNR the quality of watermark image is estimated under distortion. All experiments and tests are carried out using MATLAB.
These slides present the maximum power point tracking (MPPT ) algorithms for solar (PV) systems. Later of the class we will discuss on MPPT control of wind generators.
This slides are the Ph.D. work presentation on Active Power Filter design and implementation for harmonic elimination in micro-grid and electric vehicle
IJERA (International journal of Engineering Research and Applications) is International online, ... peer reviewed journal. For more detail or submit your article, please visit www.ijera.com
Today large number of new technologies depends on electrical supply system, so complexity of
wires is very high. In this project, as requirement of wireless electrical power system, project
team present an analysis the concept of cable less transmission i.e. Power without the usage of
any kind of the electrical conductor or wires. Transmission or distribution of 50 or 60 Hz
electrical energy from the generation point to the consumers end without any physical wire has
yet to mature as a familiar and viable technology.
Our team chose to project the feasibility of wireless power transmission through
inductive coupling. This consists of using a transmission and receiving coils as the coupling
antennas. Although the coils do not have to be solenoid they must be in the form of closed loops
to both transmit and receive power. To transmit power an alternating current must be passed
through a closed loop coil. The alternating current will create a time varying magnetic field. The
flux generated by the time varying magnetic field will then induce a voltage on a receiving coil
closed loop system. This seemingly simple system outlines the major principle that our research
investigated. The primary benefits to using inductive coupling are the simplicity of the
transmission and receiving antennas, additionally for small power transmission this is a much
safer means of conveyance. To demonstrate the success of our the teams we created a receiving
circuit to maximize the amount of received power and light an LED at a distance up to two feet.
We were able to create both transmission and receiving circuits capable of transmitting the
necessary power to light an LED in a pulsed mode. On average with transmitting one watt of
power the receiving circuit was able to receive 100 micro-watts of power. While the efficiency of
the system is extremely low, approximately 0.01% with some improvements we feel certain the
efficiency could be greatly improved. Furthermore, as the transmission distance is decreased the
efficiency of any system using inductive coupling improves exponentially.
Part of Lecture series on EE321N, Power Electronics-I delivered by me during Fifth Semester of B.Tech. Electrical Engg., 2012
Z H College of Engg. & Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh
Please comment and feel free to ask anything related. Thanks!
Effect of Humidity on the Impulse Breakdown Characteristic of Airpaperpublications3
Abstract: In this paper random approach towards the study of breakdown of air under uncontrolled atmospheric condition of temperature and pressure is considered. An attempt has been made to show the breakdown voltage of air increases with the increases in humidity which is in contradiction to the fact that breakdown voltage increases with humidity, when temperature and pressure are kept constant. It is also revealed that the density of air plays an important role to determine the breakdown voltage. Experiment is carried out under different conditions of relative humidity and different values of temperature and pressure for Sphere-Sphere and Rod gaps.
Abstract: In this paper three phase load flow analysis on four bus system using Mi Power software is reformed. As power system never operates under steady state condition therefore single phase load flow analysis doesn’t provide accurate results. Hence three phase load flow analysis which can be performed under different contingencies, provide data when system is unbalanced. The system is analysing on the basis of parameter values in MW & MVAR for transmission line and generator buses. Harmonic values of resistance, reactance, and susceptance can predict the condition of small and large kind of system network. This type of analysis is useful for solving the power flow problem in different power systems which will useful to calculate the unknown parameter.
Abstract: Watermarking is mainly projected for copy right protection, data safeguard, and data thrashing, etc. Nowadays all the communication requires protection. Estimation of video quality has a major role in today’s video distribution, communication control and e-commerce. Consumer fulfillment is achieved by providing good quality. Here the video input is changed into frames and the image set as watermark is embedded into the frames. The embedding process is carried out using DWT, then the embedded frame and other remaining frames are again changed into video file and it is transmitted. At the receiver side watermark image is extracted from the video. Finally, by using metrics such as TDR, PSNR the quality of watermark image is estimated under distortion. All experiments and tests are carried out using MATLAB.
Abstract: This paper is focused on the description of the possible benefits for the electric utilities and residential customers from the Automatic meter reading system usage. Major benefits of the AMR, mentioned in this paper are power quality monitoring, distribution network management, theft detection and so on. The paper also gives the idea about the reliability indices, communication topologies, AT&C losses concept in distribution system, present and last situations of the AMR integration in power utilities.
SMS Based Automatic Vehicle Accident Information Systempaperpublications3
Abstract: In highly populated Countries like India, during accidents, people lose their lives due to unavailability of proper medical facilities at the right time. This project senses any accident in the vehicle and intimates pre-programmed numbers like the owner of the vehicle, ambulance, police etc. Whenever any accident takes place, the vehicle will experience a huge amount of impulse, this impulse is then been measured with the help of the force sensor which is connected to the vehicle. The impulse that is measured is then converted to electrical voltage unit which helps the microcontroller as it is interfaced with GSM. This change in digital signal will activate the GSM module installed in the vehicle and it will automatically send the saved SMS to the required numbers so that the proper medical aid can be provided to the person.
Abstract: Traditionally electrical appliances in a home are controlled via switches that regulate the electricity to these devices. As the world gets more and more technologically advanced, we find new technology coming in deeper and deeper into our personal lives even at home. Home automation is becoming more and more popular around the world and is becoming a common practice. The process of home automation works by making everything in the house automatically controlled using technology to control and do the jobs that we would normally do manually. Home automation takes care of a lot of different activities in the house. this project we propose a unique System for Home automation utilizing Dual Tone Multi Frequency (DTMF) that is paired with a wireless module to provide seamless wireless control over many devices in a house. This user console has many keys, each corresponding to the device that needs to be activated. The encoder encodes the user choice and sends via a FM transmitter. The FM receiver receives the modulated signal and demodulates it and the user choice is determined by the DTMF decoder. Based upon this the required appliance is triggered. Dtmf access the control unit, the user should send an authentication code (DTMF) along with their quire/desired function/action to his/her home control system via Global System for Mobile communication (GSM). Upon being properly authenticated, the cell phone-based interface at home (control unit) would relay the commands to a microcontroller that would perform the required function/action, and return a function completion code that would be sent to the source of the original command (user’s cell phone).
RELIABILITY BASED POWER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEMS PLANNING USING CREDIBILITY THEORYpaperpublications3
Abstract: This paper presents an analytical technique for distribution system planning based on reliability evaluation using credibility theory. With the development of economy and society power planning is facing with the influence of much uncertainty, which are mainly power distribution network. Power system especially at the distribution level is prone to failures and disturbances as many devices are responsible for the successful operation of a radial distribution system. We also mention whether the work has been done at the strategic level, i.e. if it concerns the planning of power distribution system based on reliability and uncertainty.
Skin Lesion Segmentation Using TDLS Algorithm and Pattern Identificationpaperpublications3
Abstract: The rapid growing rate of Melanoma makes researchers to study in depth about it. It is the most deadliest form of skin cancer. Due to the higher costs for dermatologists, images of skin lesion of the patient are taken and texture-based skin lesion segmentation algorithm is proposed. Different regions belonging to different textures are studied. Finally the image is classified as normal skin or lesion. Different model based pattern classification of the lesion is proposed. We mainly classify the whole pigmented lesion into three possible patterns: globular, reticular, and homogeneous.
A Novel Approach for Allocation of Optimal Capacitor and Distributed Generati...paperpublications3
Abstract: Distributed generation (DG) units, based on their interfacing technology are divided into synchronous generator interfaced DGs, asynchronous generator interfaced DGs and inverter interfaced DGs. This paper presents two algorithms for allocation of optimal capacitor and distributed generation on radial distribution system. These algorithms predict requirement of reactive vars and real power and supplied via capacitor banks and distributed generation. This arrangement reduces transmission losses and voltage stability problem. Developed algorithm has been implemented on two IEEE 69 nodes and 52 nodes systems.
Abstract: Energy efficiency in all the aspects of human life has become a major concern, due to significant environment impact as well as it economic importance. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) estimated 2-10% of the global consumption but is also expected to enable global energy efficiency through new technologies tightly dependent on networks. Specially, a network model based on G-network quening theory is built, which can incorporate all the important parameters of power consumption together with traditional performance metric and routing control capability. Our goal is to control both power configuration of pipeline and way to distribute traffic flow among them. Optimization policy having best tradeoff between power consumption and packet latency times. The achieved results demonstrate how the proposed model can effectively represent energy and network-aware performance indexes.
A Literature Review on Experimental Study of Power Losses in Transmission Lin...paperpublications3
Abstract: The flexible Ac transmission system (FACTS) controllers can play an important role in the power system security enhancement. However, due to high capital investment, it is necessary to locate these controllers optimally in the power system. FACTS devices can regulate the active and reactive power control as well as adaptive to voltage-magnitude control simultaneously because of their flexibility and fast control characteristics. Placement of these devices in suitable location can lead to control in line flow and maintain bus voltages in desired level and so improve voltage stability margins. In the previous paper three type of FACTS devices used in transmission lines for improvement of voltage profile in the power system. This paper describes the simulation result of flexible Alternative Current Transmission Systems (FACTS) devices used in the disturbed power systems. Out of three types of FACTS device UPFC performances is considered to be best comparatively with respect to each of the three devices.
Importance of Antennas for Wireless Communication Devicespaperpublications3
Abstract: The extensive demand for mobile communication and information exchange through wireless devices has lead to major achievements in antenna designing. The purpose of the paper is to give a frame of reference, understanding, and overview of antennas used in wireless communication devices. In this paper we will be discussing various antennas, their advantages and drawbacks. Also a brief framework of comparisons between various antennas is presented on the basis of various parameters. This paper also summarizes the benefits and use of PIFA for USB dongle to cover the Wi MAX bands.
Design and Implementation of Maximum Power Point Tracking Using Fuzzy Logic C...paperpublications3
Abstract: The maximum power point tracking (MPPT) is a process which tracks maximum power point from array input, varying the ratio between the voltage and current delivered to get the most power it can. This paper proposes Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) of a photovoltaic system using Fuzzy Logic Algorithm. For efficient utilization of solar energy, the PV panel should track the maximum power point (MPP) under various weather conditions. Boost converter increases output voltage of the solar panel and converter output voltage depends upon the duty cycle of the MOSFET present in the boost converter. The change in the duty cycle is done by Fuzzy logic controller by sensing the power output of the solar panel. Fuzzy logic controller (FLC) provides an adaptive nature, fast response, good performance and ability to handle non-linear characteristics. The proposed controller is aimed at adjusting the duty cycle of the DC-DC converter switch to track the maximum power of a solar cell array. MATLAB/SIMULINK is used to develop and design the PV array system equipped with the proposed MPPT controller using fuzzy logic.
Study of Optimization of Squirrel Cage Induction Motor Using DCR Technologypaperpublications3
Abstract: Induction motors are versatile electric motors suited best for industrial applications as well as low-power application in domestic equipment because of their unique advantage compared to other types such as dc and synchronous motors. Electric motors do not transfer 100% of the input electrical energy into kinetic mechanical energy. A certain percentage of electrical energy is “lost” during the conversion to mechanical energy. These losses, in motor windings, core and rotating mechanical parts reduces the energy efficiency of motors. In today’s power crisis condition it is very important to manufacture the motors which are more efficient than the standard motors which are already available. The AC induction motor has been continuously improved by optimising stator and rotor design and electric material properties and quantities. With given exterior motor dimensions, the potential efficiency gain is limited and costly. DCR technology is a new development to reduce losses by using copper instead of aluminium for the conductor bars and end rings in rotors to enhance its efficiency and performance. This paper reviews the historical development in squirrel cage rotor designs, importance of energy efficient motors, efficiency improvement, adoption of DCR technology and the optimization of 3- phase squirrel cage induction motor.
Abstract: The challenges faced by the blind people in their everyday lives are not well understood, obstacle avoidance problem is an essential part of navigation for the blind. The challenging task is to work with a path where the environment is completely unknown .This paper contains a method to implement a mobility aid for blind person, it provides the information to avoid obstacles distance based on ultrasonic sensors and this also can be used in automatic robots, self-propelling vehicles in automated production factories etc. Model contains signal processing unit with MSP430 microcontroller which receives data from Ultrasonic sensor then process it and gives alert to the blind person using voice processor with earphone/speaker.
A Comparative Performance Analysis DCR and DAR Squirrel Cage 3-Phase Inductio...paperpublications3
Abstract: The importance of energy saving in induction motor was emphasized about 15 years ago, in academic area, but the motor manufacturer’s interest is focussed only on maximum benefit. As a customer, it is better to take into account not only the motor price, but also the cost of the used energy during the whole lifetime of the motor. The new requirement to improve the motor efficiency is a serious research subject, which must be about the possibility of loss minimization in the induction motor.
On an average the cost of energy consumed by the motor is nearly 80 – 100 times the initial cost of the initial manufacturing cost of the motor. So the efficiency of motor is of great importance whether during the selection or during the operation. Small increase in motor efficiency can make an overall significant difference in total energy consumption.
The slightly higher initial cost of DCR motors is often misunderstood as a demerit. It is not all true. The increase in initial cost is offset by the energy saving.
This paper presents the comparative analysis of performance of a DCR motor and DAR motor. The method of analysis is based upon testing results. The only change in design is that the Die cast aluminium rotor is replaced by die cast copper rotor. The other design parameters like stator core, winding, air gap length etc are remains same.
An Approach for Iris Recognition Based On Singular Value Decomposition and Hi...paperpublications3
Abstract: This paper presents a new approach using Hidden Markov Model as classifier and Singular Values Decomposition (SVD) coefficients as features for iris recognition. As iris is a complex multi-dimensional structure and needs good computing techniques for recognition and it is an integral part of biometrics. Features extracted from a iris are processed and compared with similar irises which exist in database. The recognition of human irises is carried out by comparing characteristics of the iris to those of known individuals. Here seven state Hidden Markov Model (HMM)-based iris recognition system is proposed .A small number of quantized Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) coefficients as features describing blocks of iris images. SVD is a method for transforming correlated variables into a set of uncorrelated ones that better expose the various relationships among the original data item. This makes the system very fast. The proposed approach has been examined on CASIA database. The results show that the proposed method is the fastest one, having good accuracy.
Link Disconnection Entropy Disorder in Mobile Adhoc Networkspaperpublications3
Abstract: In Mobile Ad-hoc Networks, nodes move freely causing an interruption in communications. This communication interruption can be accounted in a time lapse to an entropy to connection or disconnection; the combined entropy disorder of a node’s links describe how suitable a node is to communicate to neighbors. This entropy disorder is tightly coupled to mobility and communications factors such as node’s speed or data traffic saturation. In this paper, we analyze the relationship between speed and traffic saturation into a disorder in link entropy with a focus on disconnection, namely Link Disconnection Entropy Disorder (LDED). The findings indicate a high LDED value to nodes with high speed.
Performance Comparison of FFT, DHT and DCT Based OFDM Systems with BPSK as A ...paperpublications3
Abstract: Today, OFDM has grown to be the most popular communication system in high-speed communications. OFDM is becoming the chosen modulation technique for wireless communications. OFDM can provide large data rates with sufficient robustness to radio channel impairments. Different type of transform techniques such as Discrete Hartley transform (DHT), Discrete Cosine Transform (DCT), Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) are used to perform the modulation and demodulation operations for the OFDM system. In this paper these three transforms are used in OFDM and study the comparison between these different transforms techniques used in OFDM system based on Bit Error Rate (BER) performances.
Design of Shunt Active Power Filter to eliminate harmonics generated by CFLpaperpublications3
Abstract: The use of non-linear loads; such as TV sets and computer, microwave ovens, multiple low power diode rectifier, fluorescent lamps and electric drives, draw very distorted currents. These non-linear loads lead to generation of current/voltage harmonics and draw reactive power. This paper presents the three-phase shunt active power filter (SAPF) to compensate harmonics generated by non-linear load (compact fluorescent lamp). The instantaneous active and reactive power theory (called p-q theory) is used to design the control of SAPF. The harmonic distortion and the active filter control scheme have been verified by MATLAB simulation.
Intelligent Electric Power Management Using Zigbee with Advanced Metering Inf...Akbar Badusha
This project mainly focuses on reduction of power cut and power theft. The main reason for the power cut is shortage of power in the generation unit. We can rectify this problem through our project.
Whenever the generation falls behind a particular limit (it is set initially by EB) the power management system will automatically switched on. Power will be supplied to only the basic necessary equipment (as stated in the priority list) power to other load will be stopped so that huge amount of power can be saved without power cut.
In our project, this is achieved using NS2 software and using ZIGBEE. Whenever generation falls below the particular value, then the load will be automatically switched off based on priority. And it can also be done through an interrupt. Through ZIGBEE command the interrupt will be sent to microcontroller to cut the power to the particular load.
When microcontroller receiving the command, the relay will cut the power to the equipment. So the power will be saved.
In this project,the method to detect and to control the power theft is also stated. Other methods of power theft like damaging, by passing electrical power meter can also be detected and can be punished.
Man power can also be reduced. The power usage of the customer will be automatically updated in the EB station so there is no need of man power to take meter reading in the user side. After every two months the reading will be automatically resetted.
This paper presents the design and the implementation of a new microcontroller-based solar
Power inverter. The aim of this paper is to design single phase inverter which can convert DC voltage
to AC voltage at high efficiency and low cost. Solar and wind powered electricity generation are
being favored nowadays as the world increasingly focuses on environmental concerns. Power
inverters, which convert solar-cell DC into domestic-use AC, are one of the key technologies for
delivering efficient AC power The hardware and software design are oriented towards a single-chip
microcontroller-based system, hence minimizing the size and cost. With this new approach the
modularization of the conversion from solar power to electric power at its maximum power point can
be made more compact and more reliable.
Wireless power transmission (WPT) has attracted a wide variety of subjects in various disciplines and has also become a highly active research field due to its capacity to facilitate charging systems. Wireless power transmission will be compulsory to use soon as this technology enables electrical energy to be transmitted from a power source to an electrical load over an air gap without connecting wires. Wireless power transmission has been developed in the low power (1W to 10W) and high power (100W-500W) region. While the low power region development focuses on powering medical transplants and mobile charging, the higher end of the power spectrum is being developed for the electric vehicle (EV) applications. However medium power range (10W to 100W) is relatively unexplored due to lack of proper applications. The commercial WPT scheme is mainly used for the charging of lithium-ion batteries. Sensitive medium power loads like Lithium Polymer (LiPo) batteries do not have a wireless modular charging system. This paper discusses a proposed scheme for wireless charging of medium-range loads. LiPo batteries are used as the targeted charging load. A minimalistic approach has been considered while designing the electronics for efficiency improvement and a compact, modular scheme. The proposed scheme has been developed for drone and robotics applications and the results are validated.
Dynamic solar powered robot using dc dc sepic topologyeSAT Journals
Abstract This paper provides an idea to maintain constant voltage to the charging battery at both low and high level light intensity by using SEPIC topology in solar powered robot. Here two batteries are used, one is for charging and another is for discharging. When battery 1 get charged in mean time the battery 2 which is already charged is used to run the robot, Switching will be controlled by ARM processor using DPDT relay, and also voltage and current levels are monitored. Maximum Power Point tracking of solar will be done by single axis tracking system. Keywords: Battery system, Solar MPPT, Robot model, SEPIC topology
Solar inverter with autosynchronization using microcontrollerDhaval Brahmbhatt
Main concept of our Presentation is to synchronization of solar inverter with AC mains to provide uninterrupted power supply to home appliances in power cut off situation and to provide power directly from solar power system where electricity is not present.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
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The main objective of this project is to develop a device for wireless power transfer. The concept of wireless power transfer was realized by Nikolas tesla. Wireless power transfer can make a remarkable change in the field of the electrical engineering which eliminates the use conventional copper cables and current carrying wires.
Based on this concept, the project is developed to transfer power within a small range. This project can be used for charging batteries those are physically not possible to be connected electrically such as pace makers (An electronic device that works in place of a defective heart valve) implanted in the body that runs on a battery.
The patient is required to be operated every year to replace the battery. This project is designed to charge a rechargeable battery wirelessly for the purpose. Since charging of the battery is not possible to be demonstrated, we are providing a DC fan that runs through wireless power.
This project is built upon using an electronic circuit which converts AC 230V 50Hz to AC 12V, High frequency. The output is fed to a tuned coil forming as primary of an air core transformer. The secondary coil develops a voltage of HF 12volt.
Thus the transfer of power is done by the primary(transmitter) to the secondary that is separated with a considerable distance(say 3cm). Therefore the transfer could be seen as the primary transmits and the secondary receives the power to run load.
Moreover this technique can be used in number of applications, like to charge a mobile phone, iPod, laptop battery, propeller clock wirelessly. And also this kind of charging provides a far lower risk of electrical shock as it would be galvanically isolated.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
DOWNLOAD
The main objective of this project is to develop a device for wireless power transfer. The concept of wireless power transfer was realized by Nikolas tesla. Wireless power transfer can make a remarkable change in the field of the electrical engineering which eliminates the use conventional copper cables and current carrying wires.
Based on this concept, the project is developed to transfer power within a small range. This project can be used for charging batteries those are physically not possible to be connected electrically such as pace makers (An electronic device that works in place of a defective heart valve) implanted in the body that runs on a battery.
The patient is required to be operated every year to replace the battery. This project is designed to charge a rechargeable battery wirelessly for the purpose. Since charging of the battery is not possible to be demonstrated, we are providing a DC fan that runs through wireless power.
This project is built upon using an electronic circuit which converts AC 230V 50Hz to AC 12V, High frequency. The output is fed to a tuned coil forming as primary of an air core transformer. The secondary coil develops a voltage of HF 12volt.
Thus the transfer of power is done by the primary(transmitter) to the secondary that is separated with a considerable distance(say 3cm). Therefore the transfer could be seen as the primary transmits and the secondary receives the power to run load.
Moreover this technique can be used in number of applications, like to charge a mobile phone, iPod, laptop battery, propeller clock wirelessly. And also this kind of charging provides a far lower risk of electrical shock as it would be galvanically isolated.
Cosmetic shop management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
Buying new cosmetic products is difficult. It can even be scary for those who have sensitive skin and are prone to skin trouble. The information needed to alleviate this problem is on the back of each product, but it's thought to interpret those ingredient lists unless you have a background in chemistry.
Instead of buying and hoping for the best, we can use data science to help us predict which products may be good fits for us. It includes various function programs to do the above mentioned tasks.
Data file handling has been effectively used in the program.
The automated cosmetic shop management system should deal with the automation of general workflow and administration process of the shop. The main processes of the system focus on customer's request where the system is able to search the most appropriate products and deliver it to the customers. It should help the employees to quickly identify the list of cosmetic product that have reached the minimum quantity and also keep a track of expired date for each cosmetic product. It should help the employees to find the rack number in which the product is placed.It is also Faster and more efficient way.
Courier management system project report.pdfKamal Acharya
It is now-a-days very important for the people to send or receive articles like imported furniture, electronic items, gifts, business goods and the like. People depend vastly on different transport systems which mostly use the manual way of receiving and delivering the articles. There is no way to track the articles till they are received and there is no way to let the customer know what happened in transit, once he booked some articles. In such a situation, we need a system which completely computerizes the cargo activities including time to time tracking of the articles sent. This need is fulfilled by Courier Management System software which is online software for the cargo management people that enables them to receive the goods from a source and send them to a required destination and track their status from time to time.
Overview of the fundamental roles in Hydropower generation and the components involved in wider Electrical Engineering.
This paper presents the design and construction of hydroelectric dams from the hydrologist’s survey of the valley before construction, all aspects and involved disciplines, fluid dynamics, structural engineering, generation and mains frequency regulation to the very transmission of power through the network in the United Kingdom.
Author: Robbie Edward Sayers
Collaborators and co editors: Charlie Sims and Connor Healey.
(C) 2024 Robbie E. Sayers
About
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
Technical Specifications
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
Key Features
Indigenized remote control interface card suitable for MAFI system CCR equipment. Compatible for IDM8000 CCR. Backplane mounted serial and TCP/Ethernet communication module for CCR remote access. IDM 8000 CCR remote control on serial and TCP protocol.
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system
• Copatiable with IDM8000 CCR
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
Application
• Remote control: Parallel or serial interface.
• Compatible with MAFI CCR system.
• Compatible with IDM8000 CCR.
• Compatible with Backplane mount serial communication.
• Compatible with commercial and Defence aviation CCR system.
• Remote control system for accessing CCR and allied system over serial or TCP.
• Indigenized local Support/presence in India.
• Easy in configuration using DIP switches.
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Democratizing Fuzzing at Scale by Abhishek Aryaabh.arya
Presented at NUS: Fuzzing and Software Security Summer School 2024
This keynote talks about the democratization of fuzzing at scale, highlighting the collaboration between open source communities, academia, and industry to advance the field of fuzzing. It delves into the history of fuzzing, the development of scalable fuzzing platforms, and the empowerment of community-driven research. The talk will further discuss recent advancements leveraging AI/ML and offer insights into the future evolution of the fuzzing landscape.
CFD Simulation of By-pass Flow in a HRSG module by R&R Consult.pptxR&R Consult
CFD analysis is incredibly effective at solving mysteries and improving the performance of complex systems!
Here's a great example: At a large natural gas-fired power plant, where they use waste heat to generate steam and energy, they were puzzled that their boiler wasn't producing as much steam as expected.
R&R and Tetra Engineering Group Inc. were asked to solve the issue with reduced steam production.
An inspection had shown that a significant amount of hot flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes, where the heat was supposed to be transferred.
R&R Consult conducted a CFD analysis, which revealed that 6.3% of the flue gas was bypassing the boiler tubes without transferring heat. The analysis also showed that the flue gas was instead being directed along the sides of the boiler and between the modules that were supposed to capture the heat. This was the cause of the reduced performance.
Based on our results, Tetra Engineering installed covering plates to reduce the bypass flow. This improved the boiler's performance and increased electricity production.
It is always satisfying when we can help solve complex challenges like this. Do your systems also need a check-up or optimization? Give us a call!
Work done in cooperation with James Malloy and David Moelling from Tetra Engineering.
More examples of our work https://www.r-r-consult.dk/en/cases-en/
Explore the innovative world of trenchless pipe repair with our comprehensive guide, "The Benefits and Techniques of Trenchless Pipe Repair." This document delves into the modern methods of repairing underground pipes without the need for extensive excavation, highlighting the numerous advantages and the latest techniques used in the industry.
Learn about the cost savings, reduced environmental impact, and minimal disruption associated with trenchless technology. Discover detailed explanations of popular techniques such as pipe bursting, cured-in-place pipe (CIPP) lining, and directional drilling. Understand how these methods can be applied to various types of infrastructure, from residential plumbing to large-scale municipal systems.
Ideal for homeowners, contractors, engineers, and anyone interested in modern plumbing solutions, this guide provides valuable insights into why trenchless pipe repair is becoming the preferred choice for pipe rehabilitation. Stay informed about the latest advancements and best practices in the field.
block diagram and signal flow graph representation
Power Generation Using Footstep
1. ISSN 2349-7815
International Journal of Recent Research in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJRREEE)
Vol. 2, Issue 2, pp: (136-140), Month: April 2015 - June 2015, Available at: www.paperpublications.org
Page | 136
Paper Publications
Power Generation Using Footstep
1
Shital Chavhan, 2
Sneha Bhong, 3
Pooja Patil, 4
Mrs.Anjali Shrivastav
1,2,3,4
PCCOE, Department Of Electronics And Telecommunication Engineering, SPPU, Pune-411044
Abstract: We need energy for every day today work of our life. There are many conventional methods of energy
generation but these are depleting very fastly hence non-conventional energy system is very essential at this time to
our nation. So an alternate method of non conventional energy generation is proposed in this project. In this
project we are generating electrical power as non-conventional method by simply walking or running on foot
step.Here Dynamometer is used for converting mechanical energy into electrical energy. The voltage generated by
this sensor is stored in battery which will be later on transmitted wirelessly to charge the mobiles.
Keywords: Power Generation, Power Storing ,Wireless Power Trannsceiver, Charging.
1. INTRODUCTION
In this project we are generating electrical power as non-conventional method by simply walking or running on foot
step.Non-conventional energy system is very essential at this time to our nation. Non-conventional energy using foot step
is converting mechanical energy into electrical.This project uses piezoelectric sensor.
The rise of piezoelectric technology is directly related to a set of inherent advantages. The high modulus of elasticity of
many piezoelectric materials is comparable to that of many metals and goes up to 10e6 N/m²[Even though piezoelectric
sensors are electromechanical systems that react to compression, the sensing elements show almost zero deflection. This
is the reason why piezoelectric sensors are so rugged, have an extremely high natural frequency and an excellent linearity
over a wide amplitude range. Additionally, piezoelectric technology is insensitive to electromagnetic fields and radiation,
enabling measurements under harsh conditions.
During any energy conversion there will be losses in going from one form to another. The magnitude of those losses is
what dictates the practicality of any type of wireless charging. Magnetic or inductive charging, in particular has been
effectively used for some time to power various kinds of biomedical implants. Presently it is the safest and most enduring
method to accomplish the job of transferring power to the inside of the body. In these systems, oscillating current in an
external coil of wire generates a changing magnetic field which induces a voltage inside an implanted coil. The current
resultant from this voltage can charge a battery or power the device directly.
2. PROPOSED SYSTEM HARDWARE
Elements of Block Diagram:
The block diagram and its brief description are explained in block wise and this consists of following blocks:
1. Dynamometer
2. AC Ripple Nutralizer
3. Unidirectional current controller
4. AVR
5. 16*2 LCD
6. Transmitter, Receiver module
2. ISSN 2349-7815
International Journal of Recent Research in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJRREEE)
Vol. 2, Issue 2, pp: (136-140), Month: April 2015 - June 2015, Available at: www.paperpublications.org
Page | 137
Paper Publications
Figure1. Block Diagram
2.1 D.C motor as a Dynamometer:
DC Geared motors with robust metal gear box for heavy duty applications, available in wide RPM range and ideally
suited for robotics and industrial applications.Very easy to use and available in standard size. Nut and threads on shaft to
easily connect and internal threaded shaft for easily connecting it to wheel. Center Shaft Metal Gear Motor are designed
keeping in mind robotic applications. These are very easy to use and mount geared motors and are known for its
affordable pricing.
Figure 2: DC geared motors
3. ISSN 2349-7815
International Journal of Recent Research in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJRREEE)
Vol. 2, Issue 2, pp: (136-140), Month: April 2015 - June 2015, Available at: www.paperpublications.org
Page | 138
Paper Publications
Specifications:
Length - 47mm
Diameter - 37mm
Shaft diameter - 6mm
Voltage - 9-12V
Torque - 1-3kg/cm as per RPM
No-load current - 70mA (Max)
Weight - 120 gm
2.2 AC Ripple Neutralizer:
Capacitive filter is used in this project. It removes the ripples from the output of rectifier and smoothens the D.C. Output
received from this filter is constant until the mains voltage and load is maintained constant. However, if either of the two
is varied, D.C. voltage received at this point changes. Therefore a regulator is applied at the output stage.
2.3 Unidirectional current controller:
As the name indicates this circuit allows current to flow only in one direction. There are following devices that allows
unidirectional current:-a. Diode b. Thyristors In this project we are going to use diode as Unidirectional Current control
device. As we are already familiar with the most common function of a diode is to allow an electric current to pass in one
direction (called the diode’s forward direction).While blocking current in the opposite direction (the reverse direction).
Thus, the diode can be thought of as an electronic version of a check valve. The diode used in this project is D=1N4007
2.4 Microcontroller Atmega 8:
Features:
High-performance, Low-power Atmel AVR 8-bit Microcontroller
Advanced RISC Architecture
– 130 Powerful Instructions – Most Single-clock Cycle Execution
– 32 × 8 General Purpose Working Registers
– Fully Static Operation
– Up to 16MIPS Throughput at 16MHz
– On-chip 2-cycle Multiplier
Peripheral Features
– Two 8-bit Timer/Counters with Separate Prescaler, one Compare Mode
– One 16-bit Timer/Counter with Separate Prescaler, Compare Mode, and Capture Mode
– Real Time Counter with Separate Oscillator
– Three PWM Channels
– 8-channel ADC in TQFP and QFN/MLF package Eight Channels 10-bit Accuracy
– 6-channel ADC in PDIP package Six Channels 10-bit Accuracy
– Byte-oriented Two-wire Serial Interface
– Programmable Serial USART
Master/Slave SPI Serial Interface
– Programmable Watchdog Timer with Separate On-chip Oscillator
– On-chip Analog Comparator
4. ISSN 2349-7815
International Journal of Recent Research in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJRREEE)
Vol. 2, Issue 2, pp: (136-140), Month: April 2015 - June 2015, Available at: www.paperpublications.org
Page | 139
Paper Publications
2.5 16*2 LCD:
Liquid Crystal Display (LCD) is a thin, flat panel used for electronically displaying information such as text, images and
moving pictures. Its uses include monitors for computers, television, instrument panels and other devices ranging from
aircraft cockpit displays to every day consumer devices such as gaming devices, clocks, watches, calculators and mobile
phones.
2.6 Wireless Power Transfer Module:
Figure 3: Power Transfer Module
The Wireless Power Transfer and Charging Module can be used in electronic equipments in Common use for close
wireless charging or power supply. Consist of a Transmitter & Receiver and coil, it could serve as a replacement for the
Wireless Power Supply with stable 5V output Voltage and maximum 600mA output current. Its small size and insulation
coil is more suitable for using in wireless project. This module use an electromagnetic field to transfer electric energy
between a transmitter circuit and a receiver circuit. An induction coil creates an alternating electromagnetic field from
within the transmitter circuit powered with 12V. The second induction coil takes power from the electromagnetic field
and converts it back into electrical current to the receiver circuit that outputs 5V – 600mA.
3. CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Figure4. Circuit diagram
5. ISSN 2349-7815
International Journal of Recent Research in Electrical and Electronics Engineering (IJRREEE)
Vol. 2, Issue 2, pp: (136-140), Month: April 2015 - June 2015, Available at: www.paperpublications.org
Page | 140
Paper Publications
Whenever force is applied on dynamometer that pressure rotate the shaft of DC motor and voltage is generated.
That minute voltage is stored in lead acid battery.
Stored voltage or energy is transmitted wirelessly to charge the mobile.
The transmission distance is around 20mm.
We can also drive AC loads by connecting one inverter.
3.1 Transmitter Circuit:
Transmitter Board has two ICs,
1) XKT-408A / 1215A – It is Generates sinewave signals – Same can be emulated by a custom programming in
microcontroller to generate sinewave.
2) T5336 from Elcoteq – Seems like Mosfet Driver in SOIC8 package to drive coils upto 60V peaks on sinewave. Same
can be designed with discrete mosfets in H-Bridge.
3.2 Receiver Circuit:
Receiver Board has one ICT3168 from Elcoteq Receiver Board Circuit – Seems like a MC34063 type design for power
regulation but more efficient.
4. RESULT:
5. CONCLUSION
In this system we have generated the electric power as non-conventional method by simply walking or running on the
foot step. We have completed this project. This can be one of the good economical, affordable energy solution to common
people. This can be used for many applications. As India is a developing country where energy management is a big
challenge for human population by using this project we can drive both A.C as well as D.C loads according to the
requirement. Power generated is directly proportional to the force applied on the dynamometer and the number of
rotations of shaft of the D.C. Motor.
REFERENCES
[1] Dan Dai;Jing Liu;,”Design of a practical Human Powered Contactless charger for cellphone,”consumer
electronics,.AIM 2013.IEEE/ASME international conference on,vol,no.58,issu:;3ISSN:0098-3063,page no.476-
482,August 2013.
[2] IEEE Standard on Piezoelectricity, Standards Committee of the IEEE Ultrasonic’s, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency
Control Society, ANSI/IEEE Std 176-1987 (1988).
[3] ANSI-IEEE 176 (1987) Standard on Piezoelectricity.
