Format for internship report on embedded C with 8051 microcontroller

1. SEMINAR ON
“SOLER POWER INVERTER”
Submitted by:
1.Purva P. Bhuyar 2. Sayali .S. Dhote
Guided by:
Prof Miss:P.H.Bhagat
Department of ElectronicsAnd Telecommunication
Government College of Engineering , Yavatmal
Yavatmal – 445001
Dr. BabasahebAmbedkar Technological University, Lonere
2022-23

2. Content
• Abstract
• Introduction
• Literature survey
• Concept of project
• Working
• Main components used in project
• Output circuit diagram
• Advantages of solar inverter
• Application of soler inverter
• Conclusion

3. Abstract
 Solar panels generate electricity from sunlight. Output of solar panels is DC and home
appliances are works on AC power so to generates AC supply inverter circuit is essential.
 Main concept of our project is to synchronization of solar inverter with AC mains to provide
uninterrupted power supply to home appliances in power cut off situation and to provide power
directly from solar power system where electricity is not present.
 Solar tracking enables more energy to be generated because the solar panel is always able to
maintain a perpendicular profile to the sun's rays.

4. INTRODUCTION
 The main aim of this project is to use solar energy for household loads using an
inverter. Solar energy is converted to electrical energy by photo- voltaic (PV)
cells.
 This energy is stored in batteries during day time for the utilization purpose
whenever required.
 A solar inverter, or PV inverter, converts the direct current (DC) output of a
photovoltaic solar panel into a utility frequency alternating current (AC) that
can be fed into a commercial electrical grid or used by a local, off-line electrical
network.

5. Literature survey
Title Authors Publication year Summary
"Advancements in Solar Inverter
Tech" Tom B. Brown, Benjamin Mann,
Nick Ryder, et al.
2022
Improved efficiency, Integration
with smart grids, - Grid-tied vs.
off-grid systems
Reliability of Solar Inverters" Dario Amodei, Sam
McCandlish, et al.
2021 Inverter failure rates, - Impact on
system performance,
"Hybrid Solar Inverter Systems"
Andrew M. Dai, Quoc V
.Le
2020 - Integration with battery storage,
"Inverter Technologies
Kelvin Guu, Panupong
Pasupat, Evan Zheran Liu, et
al.
2018
- Efficiency and scalability, - Grid
disturbances

6. BLOCK-DIAGRAM

7. Solar inverters may be classified into three broad types
 Stand-alone inverters
 Grid-tie inverters
 Battery backup inverters

8. Stand alone Inverter
It is used in isolated systems :
.
 The inverter draws its DC energy from batteries charged by photovoltaic
arrays.
 Many stand-alone inverters also incorporate integral battery chargers to
replenish the battery from an AC source.
 Normally these do not interface in any way with the utility grid.It does not
required to have anti-islanding protection.

9. Grid-Tie Inverters
o It match phase with a utility-supplied sine wave.
o Grid-tie inverters are designed to shut down automatically upon loss of utility supply.
o They do not provide backup power during utility outages.
o Grid tie inverter converts DC power produced by PV array to AC power

10. Battery Backup Inverters
• These are special inverters which are designed to draw energy from a battery.
• It manage the battery charge via an on board charger, and export excess energy to the utility
grid.
• These inverters are capable of supplying AC energy to selected loads during a utility outage
• The battery backup inverters are also required to be installed with an anti- islanding
protection.

11. Main components used in mini project :
1. ARDUINO UNO FOR PROGRAMMING PURPOSE:
 The Arduino Uno is an open-source microcontroller board based on the Microchip
ATmega328P microcontroller. The board is equipped with sets of digital and analog
input/output pins that may be interfaced to various expansion boards and other circuits.
 It is only used for programming purpose. ..

12. 2. atMEGA328P :
o Atmega328 is a 8 bit high performance RISC Based Microcontroller with 28 Pins
o 32KB ISP flash memory, 1KB EEPROM, 2KB SRAM
o 23 IO Pins
o 32 general purpose working registers
o SPI serial port, 6-channel 10-bit A/D converter
o Operating Voltage: 1.8 – 5.5V

13. MOSFET(IRF 510) :
 The metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET, MOS- FET, or MOS
FET) is a device used for amplifying or switching electronic signals.
 The basic principle of the device a voltage on the oxide-insulated gate electrode can
induce a conducting channel between the two other contacts called source and drain.
 It is by far the most common transistor in both digital and analog circuits, though the
bipolar junction transistor was at one time much more common..

14. LCD DISPLAY
 An LCD (Liquid Crystal Display) screen is an electronic
display module and has a wide range of applications.
 A 16x2 LCD display is very basic module and is very
commonly used in various devices and circuits. A 16x2 LCD
means it can display 16 characters per line and there are 2 such
lines.
 To establish a good communication between human world and
machine world, display units play an important role

15. Solar pannel :
 Solar panel refers to a panel designed to absorb the sun's rays as
a source of energy for generating electricity.
 Solar Panel is an array of Several solar cells (Photovoltaic cells).
 The arrays can be formed by connecting them in parallel or
series connection depending upon the energy required.

16. Working of Solar Panel and Inverter
 Expose the cell to light, and the energy from each photon (light particle)
hitting the silicon, will liberate an electron and a corresponding hole.
 If this happens within range of the electric field's influence, the electrons
will be sent to the N side and the holes to the P one, resulting in yet further
disruption of electrical neutrality.
 This flow of electrons is a current; the electrical field in the cell causes a
voltage and the product of these two is power.
 The solar energy is stored in the battery from Photo-Voltaic cells.

17. Inverter section :

18. ADVANTAGES :
It is one of the methods of renewable generation.
 Constant and uninterrupted supply.
There is no requirement of electricity and manpower to operate the device.
It acts as a power back - up solution.
This is an ecofriendly means of power generation.
 It can be used in distant villages where transmission cost is much high. Reduction in
consumption from conventional sources of energy.

19. DISADVANTAGES
o Initial cost of installation is very high.
o Area required for installation is large.
o It will be less effective in rainy days.
o Protection system installment is very high.
o Cause problems to eye sight because of solar reflectors.

20. APPLICATIONS
o It can be used to power the traffic lights and streetlights.
o It can be used in home to power the appliances using solar power.
o It can be used in industries as more energy can be saved by rotating the
panel

21. CONCLUSION
o This paper has promising potentials, ranging from the long run economic to the
important environmental benefits. This work is one of the few attempts and
contributions where such projects could be implemented successfully, in the field of
renewable energy
o . With the increasing improvements in solar cell technologies and power electronics,
such projects would have more value added and should receive more attention and
support

22. REFERENCE
1. Ruchika Thukral, Gulshan Kumar, Ankit Gupta, Nilesh kumar Verma, Shivanchal
Asthana, Microcontroller Based Solar Power Inverter. International Journal of Electrical
Engineering & Technology, 7(5), 2016, pp. 70– 78.
2. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(IJEET) ISSN 0976 – 6545(Print) ISSN 0976 – 6553(Online) Volume 4, Issue 1, January-
February (2013), pp. 109-114 © IAEME
3. A Review on Solar Tracking System and their Classification : Priti Debbarma, B.B.
Bhowmik (M.Tech Student), Assistant Professor Department of Electronics and
Communication Engineering Tripura University, Suryamaninagar, Agartala, India
4. International Journal of Scientific & Engineering Research, Volume 7, Issue 4, April2016
238 ISSN 2229- 5518 IJSER © 2016