An Integrated Approach for Enhancing Ready Mixed Concrete utility using Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS)

1. INTRODUCTION N
E
E
D
OBJECTIVES
The scope of this
research work of
development of Ready
Mixed Concrete selection
process is limited to four
cities of Central Gujarat
Region of India:
Ahmedabad, Nadiad,
Anand, and Vadodara.
SCOPE
AN INTEGRATED APPROACH FOR ENHANCING
READY MIXED CONCRETE UTILITY USING
ANALYTIC HIERARCHY PROCESS (AHP) AND
TECHNIQUE FOR ORDER PREFERENCE BY
SIMILARITY TO IDEAL SOLUTION (TOPSIS)
3 2
7
9
7
9
6
45 4
2 2
0
5
10
Ahmedabad Nadiad Anand Vadodara
ToyalRespondent
Targeted City
City Wise Distribution of Responses
RMC Plant Manager Contractor Consultant
3
9 11
1
7
13
4
14
2
36
20
12
16
6
15
8 10
17
22
19 21
5
34 33 35
32 31
18
25 27 29 28 26
30
24 23
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
QualityofMaterial
Standard&
Certification
DirectCost
IndirectCost
Location
SizeofTransitMixer
DeliveryLeadTime
TimeConsuming
LargeQuantity
SmallQuantity
SkillPerson
UnskilledPerson
TechnicalStaff
Manager
LabourSafety
EquipmentSafety
Accidents
ProfitTrends
Turnover
BankingHistory
AmountofPast
Business
Sales/Utilizationarea
SalesPolicy
Responsiveness
Discipline
Environment
Reputation&
Position
General
TestFacility
TestingProcedures
Personnel
Organizational
Structure
TypesofDecision
maker
DirectionofWork
Maintenance
CustomerFeedback
Quality
Control
Cost Delivery Quantity Manpower Safety
Measures
Financial
Capability
Commercial Capability Laboratory Managerial Capability
RANK
RMC CRITERIAS
METHODOLOGY
CRITICAL SALIENT
LITERATURE REVIEW
CONCLUSIONS
 Present approach lacks scientific methodology and does not consider multi-criteria in decision making.
There is a need of scientific methodology for Ready Mixed Concrete selection approach.
 Hence this study is planned to develop a mathematical approach to Ready Mixed Concrete selection with
the help of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal
Solution (TOPSIS) method which will help the decision maker to understand the problem systematically.
 To Study, Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique for Order Preference by Similarity to
Ideal Solution (TOPSIS).
 To derive the relation between various Criterias for enhancing utility of Ready Mixed Concrete.
 To achieve optimization through comparative of Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and Technique
for Order Preference by Similarity to Ideal Solution (TOPSIS).
 A lot needs to be done to educate and
train batching plant personnel, mixer truck
drivers and the Contractor’s men at site to
handle highly cohesive superplasticised
concrete mixes which may have a
deceptive dry look and may be a little
harder to pump.[1]
 For Construction Industry such as
Transportation, the usage of MCDM
methods in road safety and transportation
to prioritized and ranked indicators and
safety index in road so with this method
engineers can rank and prioritize the
indicators and index to enhance the
quality of safety and enhance the safety
of roads.[2]
 The Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) is
a theory of measurement through
pairwise comparisons and relies on the
judgements of experts to derive priority
scales. It is these scales that measure
intangibles in relative terms.[5]
 AHP approach helps decision makers to
rank alternative suppliers based on the
decision makers’ subjective judgments
regarding the importance of the
attributes.[3]
 TOPSIS method allows construction
companies to better evaluate (in terms of
time and expenditure) issues which are
not readily assessed quantitavely and
qualitatively. In this method, higher value
of any index is always better or worse
than a lower value of the same index,
depending on whether the efficiency
function increases or decreases.[4]
1.
Model the problem as a hierarchy containing the
decision goal, the alternatives for reaching it, and
the criteria for evaluating the alternatives.
2.
Establish priorities among the elements of the
hierarchy by making a series of judgments based
on pair wise comparisons of the elements.
3.
Synthesize these judgments to yield a set of
overall priorities for the hierarchy.
4. Check the consistency of the judgments.
5.
Come to a final decision based on the results of
this process.
A
H
P
1. Construct the Normalized Decision Matrix.
2.
Construct the Weighted Normalized Decision
Matrix
3.
Determine the Ideal - A* and the Negative - Ideal -
A- Solutions.
4.
Calculate the Separation Measure for Ideal-S* and
the Negative - Ideal S- Solutions.
5.
Calculate the Relative Closeness to the Ideal
Solution.
1. Ghosh S., Sasaki S., Yang J. L., “Quality in Ready-Mixed Concrete - A Case
Study on Specialised Marin Concreting in Singapore”, 23rd Conference on Our
World in Concrete & Structures, Pg. 25-26, August 1998, Singapore.
2. Khorasani G., Yadollahi A., Rahimi M., and Tatar A. “Implementation of MCDM
Methods in Road Safety Management”, International Conference on
Transport, Civil, Architecture and Environment engineering (ICTCAEE‘ 2012),
December 26 - 27, 2012, Pg. 30 - 35, Dubai (UAE).
3. Liaudanskiene R., Ustinovicius L., Bogdanovicius A., “Evaluation of
Construction Process Safety Solutions Using the TOPSIS Method”, ISSN 1392
- 2785, Engineering Economics (4). 2009, Economics of Engineering
Decisions, Kaunas & Vilnius, Lithuania.
4. Saaty T.L., “Decision making with the analytic hierarchy process”, Int. J.
Services Sciences, 2008, Vol. 1, No. 1, Pg.83 – 98, Pittsburgh, PA 15260,
USA.
5. Shahroodi, Kambiz, Keramatpanah, Amin, Amini, Shabnam, Shiri, Elnaz,
Sayyad Haghighi, Kamyar, Najibzadeh, Mohammad, “Application of Analytical
Hierarchy Process (AHP) Technique to Evaluate and Selecting Suppliers in an
Effective Supply Chain”, Kuwait Chapter of Arabian, Journal of Business and
Management Review, Vol. 1, No. 8; April - 2012, Pg. 1 - 14, Rasht Iran.
REFERENCES
 In AHP Technique result, top ten Criterias which affects the
Ready Mixed Concrete selection are Indirect Cost, Large
Quantity, Quality of Material, Delivery Lead Time,
Sales/Utilization Area, Manager, Location, Equipment Safety,
Standard and Certification, Accidents. Hence, Utilization of
Ready Mixed Concrete is very helpful if govern these top
Criterias
 AHP technique gives first five respondents as:
(1) Respondent 34, (2) Respondent 4, (3) Respondent 3, (4)
Respondent 33, and 5) Respondent 21.
 TOPSIS technique gives first five respondents as:
(1) Respondent 3, (2) Respondent 2, (3) Respondent 45, (4)
Respondent 47 and (5) Respondent 56.
 Finding from this study reveals that there is a contradiction in
Respondents ranking by two techniques. AHP technique gave
first rank to Respondent 34 while TOPSIS technique gave first
rank to Respondent 3. Respondents should act on these
Criterias to Enhancing Ready Mixed Concrete Utility which
ultimately can help to more precisely selection of Quality Control,
Cost, Time, and Delivery from the Ready Mixed Concrete.
I thankfully acknowledge to Dr. C. L. Patel, Chairman, Charutar Vidya Mandal, and Er. V. M. Patel, Hon. Jt. Secretary, Charutar Vidya Mandal, Dr. F. S. Umrigar, Principal, B.V.M.
Engineering College, Prof. J. J. Bhavsar, Associate professor and coordinator PG (Construction Engineering & Management), Civil Engineering Department, B.V.M Engineering
College, Mr. Yatinbhai Desai, Jay Maharaj Construction, Karamsad, Vallabh Vidyanagar, Gujarat, India for their motivations and infrastructural support to carry out this research.
PREPARED BY: MAKWANA ASHISH H. GUIDED BY: PROF. JAYESHKUMAR R. PITRODA
DISSERTATION PHASE: 2 (740002), [ENROLLMENT NO. 120070714010, MAY 2014] ASSISTANT PROFFESSOR & RESEARCH SCHOLAR
M.E. CONSTRUCTION ENGINEERING & MANAGEMENT BIRLA VISHVAKARMA MAHAVIDYALAYA ENGINEERING COLLEGE, V. V. NAGAR
B.V.M
ENGINEERING
COLLEGE
G.T.U.
IS4926–2003,“Ready
MixedConcrete-Code
ofPractice”
Concrete mixed in a
stationary mixer in a
central batching and
mixing plant or in a truck
mixer and supplied in a
fresh condition to the
purchaser either at site or
into purchaser’s vehicle.
T
O
P
S
I
S
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
AHP was developed by
Thomas L. Satty (1970).
TOPSIS was developed by
Hwang and Yoon (1981).
The analytic hierarchy
process (AHP) is a
structured technique for
organizing and analyzing
complex decisions.
TOPSIS is based on the concept
that the chosen alternative should
have the shortest geometric
distance from the positive ideal
solution and the longest
geometric distance from the
negative ideal solution
S
T
E
P
S
AHP RESULTS
6. Shetty M. S.,
“Concrete
Technology,
Theory and
Practice”, S.
Chand – New
Delhi.
RANK
AHP
TOPSIS
1 R34 R3
2 R4 R2
3 R3 R45
4 R33 R47
5 R21 R56
AHP&TOPSISRESULT
COMPARISON