Vikram Sarabhai initiated India's space program in 1962, leading to the formation of the Indian Space Research Organization (ISRO) in 1969. Key early milestones included the launch of India's first satellite, Aryabhata, in 1977 and the first satellite launch vehicle, SLV-3, in 1979. Since then, ISRO has launched numerous communication, earth observation, and deep space satellites, including India's first lunar mission, Chandrayaan-1 in 2008 and Mars Orbiter Mission in 2013, establishing India as a leading space power.