1. India's population has exploded from 361 million in 1951 to over 1.38 billion in 2020, and is predicted to reach 1.53 billion by 2030, making it the second most populous country after China. 2. Population explosion occurs when the population growth rate exceeds the rate of increase in resources and facilities. It is caused by high birth rates, declining death rates due to better healthcare, illiteracy, cultural beliefs favoring large families, and migration. 3. The effects of overpopulation include depletion of resources, environmental degradation, increased global warming, more waste generation, unemployment, poverty, and overcrowding of cities. 4. Measures to control population include increasing the minimum

1. Ms Manisha
Ms Manisha
Assistant Professors
Faculty of Nursing, SGT University

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3. The population of India was around
361 million during the census of 1951.
In 2020:1,380,004,385 people at mid
year. (UN data)
India, is the second most populous
country in the world, after China. India
is predicted to have more than 1.53
billion people by the end of 2030.
INTRODUCTION
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4. INTRODUCTION (Contd…)
It is sudden and rapid rise in the size of population. A
drastic growth in population beyond normal limits is
called population explosion.
Population explosion or overpopulation denotes a
situation in which the number of people living in a
country rapidly exceeds its carrying or sustaining
capabilities.
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5. Is
POPULATION EXPLOSION
determined only
by
size of population???
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6. Population explosion is a condition when an organism
number exceeds the carrying capacity of its habitat.
Not just determined by size of population
Determined by ratio of population to available resources
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9. CAUSES OF
POPULATION EXPLOSION
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10. • High birth rate
• Declining death rate
• Better medical facilities
• Increase Immigration
• Decrease in Emigration
• Illiteracy
Causes of population explosion
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11. • High birth rate
Birth rate is the no of child born
/1000 live birth in a specific
population in a year.
Still higher than death rate.
Reasons: The advent of better
medical facility, economic prosperity,
social beliefs related to fertility and
birth
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12. • Decrease in Death Rate:
The decline in death rate is on e of
the fundamental cause of over
population.
The advancement in medical field
has resulted in decrease in death
rate.
Reasons: Good and clean
atmosphere, sufficient nutrients,
better medial facility has provided
longer and healthy life.
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13. . Increase in life expectancy:
• Due to improved living conditions, better hygiene and
sanitation habits, better nutrition, health education etc.
the average life expectancy of human population has
improved significantly.
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15. INDIA
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16. • Better Medical facility:
New inventions of medicines, vaccines, awareness
towards better health and control of various diseases
like Tuberculosis, Small pox, polio cancer, has resulted
in increase of population
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17. Migration
Movement of population can cause local overpopulation.
• Illegal immigrants
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18. • Illiteracy:
Due to some social beliefs, lack of knowledge towards
family planning, desire for male child are some of the
factors which causes increase in population
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19. Cultural beliefs
- Desire for male child.
- Not using contraceptive methods
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20. EFFECTS OF
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21. Effects of Population explosion
• Depletion of natural resources
• Effect on environment
• Increased global warming and
climatic changes
• Effect on health
• Increase in Food Demand
• Increase in generation of waste
• Other social effects like
 Unemployment
 Poverty
 Increase in crime rate
 Over crowding of cities
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23. 1. Depletion of natural resources
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25. Around 1 billion people in the
U.S.A and Europe make
the consumption of about
84% of energy.
And the rest of the world
only 16% (including the most
populated countries like
China and India).
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26. 2. Effect on Environment
Degradation of environment : Environmental degradation
is the deterioration of the environment through depletion
of resources such as air, water and soil; the destruction of
ecosystems and the extinction of wildlife.
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28. 3. Increased Global Warming and
Climatic Changes
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29. 4. Generation of waste
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31. 5. Effect on Health
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32. 6. Social Problems
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33. 6.a. Rise in Unemployment
Overpopulation Unemployment crime
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34. 6.b. High cost of living
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35. 6.c. Poverty
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36. 6.d. Lack of housing
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37. 6.e. Illiteracy
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39. STEPS TO
CONTROL
POPULATION
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40. MEASURES TO
CONTROL
POPULATION
Social Measures Economic
Measures
Others Measures
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41. Social
measures
 Minimum age of
marriage
 Late marriages
 Rising the status of
women
 Literacy & education
 Adoption
 Change in social
outlook
 Social security
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42. Economic
measures
 More employment
 Women
empowerment
 Development of
agriculture industry
 Standard of living
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43. Other
measures
 Self control
 Family planning
 Publicity
 Incentives
 Family welfare
programmes
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44. • Education: Education plays
vital role in population growth.
Improving the literacy rate
particularly in woman, can help
in population control.
• Incentives: Certain Incentives in
the form of government benefits,
scholarships, to children,
subsidies, exemptions from tax,
can help in population control.
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45. • Government Benefits: The
government benefits should be
allowedd for those having
smaller families.
• Publicity: The iimportance of
birth control methods for family
planning, the significance of
small families and related
information should be published
through various media, schools,
books, and other sources in
different local languages.
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