Polymers,PVC
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Polymers are substances made of large molecules formed by linking many small repeating molecular units. There are natural and synthetic polymers, as well as linear and commercial polymers like polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, polystyrene, and polyacrylonitrile. Polyvinyl chloride is produced through heating vinyl chloride in the presence of a catalyst and is colorless, odorless, non-flammable and resistant to light, acids and bases. It has a wide range of uses like pipes, sheets, and parts for refrigerators, cycles, tires, and more. Polymers have many applications in daily life, sports, medicine, aerospace, electronics, and defense
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Pvc
PVC is the third most widely used plastic. It was accidentally discovered in the 19th century when a white solid formed in flasks of vinyl chloride exposed to sunlight. PVC is produced via suspension or emulsion polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer. It has a linear structure and atactic stereochemistry. PVC has applications in pipes, cables, flooring and more due to its low cost, durability and resistance to chemicals and corrosion. However, it has disadvantages like difficulty recycling and sensitivity to heat and UV degradation.
Poly olefins - Manufacturing & applications
1. Polyolefins are polymers produced from olefin or alkene monomers, with ethylene being the simplest and most common monomer. They are produced via polymerization of ethylene extracted from petroleum through cracking of longer hydrocarbon chains.
2. Low-density polyethylene (LDPE) is produced via free radical polymerization of ethylene under high pressures of 1000-3000 atm and temperatures of 200-275°C. It is used for products like bottles and tubing due to its low cost, chemical resistance, and flexibility.
3. High-density polyethylene (HDPE) is produced using Ziegler-Natta catalysts under lower pressures than LDPE. It is stronger
PVC and vinyl polymers.pdf
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the third most widely produced synthetic plastic polymer. It exists in both rigid and flexible forms. Rigid PVC is used in construction for pipes and windows/doors, while flexible PVC is used in products like flooring, phonograph records, and medical tubing. PVC is produced by polymerizing vinyl chloride monomer and is a versatile material with many applications due to its low cost, chemical resistance, and flame retardant properties. It is commonly used in pipes, wire insulation, siding, and signs.
5 POLYMERS manufacture.pptx (a dynamic overview)
The document discusses different types of polymers including urea formaldehyde, phenol formaldehyde, and polyvinyl chloride. It describes the basic polymerization techniques of condensation and addition polymerization. Condensation polymerization produces thermosetting resins while addition polymerization produces thermoplastic resins. The document then provides details on the manufacturing processes for specific polymers, including the preparation of urea-formaldehyde and phenol-formaldehyde resins as well as the production of polyvinyl chloride through suspension polymerization of vinyl chloride monomer.
polyvinylacetate.pdf
Polyvinyl acetate is a colorless, nontoxic thermoplastic resin prepared by the polymerization of vinyl acetate. It was discovered in 1912 in Germany and is one of the most widely used water-dispersed resins. Polyvinyl acetate emulsions are used as latex house paints, artists' media, and common household white glues. It has good weather resistance, withstands water, grease, oil, and petroleum fuels, and has good biodegradation resistance but poor resistance to creep under load. Common uses include latex house paints, white glues, wood glue, paper glue, adhesives, and as a mortar additive.
Polyvinylacetate
Polyvinyl acetate is a colorless, nontoxic thermoplastic resin prepared by the polymerization of vinyl acetate. It was discovered in 1912 in Germany and is one of the most widely used water-dispersed resins. Polyvinyl acetate emulsions are used as latex house paints, artists' media, and common household white glues. It has good weather resistance, withstands water, grease, oil, and petroleum fuels, and has good biodegradation resistance but poor resistance to creep under load. Common uses include latex house paints, white glues, wood glue, paper glue, adhesives, and as a mortar additive.
Polymers in everyday life.
The document discusses polymers and their uses in everyday life. It provides information on different types of polymers like polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, poly(methyl methacrylate), poly(vinyl chloride) and discusses their structures, properties and applications. The document also discusses the synthesis and uses of important polymers.
Thermoplastics - (2).ppt
Thermoplastic is a plastic material that melts when heated and solidifies when cooled. Most thermoplastics are polymers made of long molecular chains held together by weak bonds. Thermoplastics differ from thermoset plastics which solidify irreversibly when cured. Common thermoplastics are addition polymers like polyethylene, polypropylene, and polyvinyl chloride (PVC). Each plastic has a glass transition temperature above which it is soft and below which it is hard. Examples of common thermoplastics are polyethylene, PVC, polyvinyl acetate, polypropylene, and polymethyl methacrylate. These plastics have various uses and properties depending on their chemical structure and temperature.
Polypropylene Fibers
Polypropylene fiber is the fourth most popular synthetic fiber. It is made from the polymer polypropylene through processes like gas phase or bulk phase polymerization using catalysts. The fibers are then manufactured through melt spinning and extrusion. Polypropylene fiber has good chemical and physical properties like acid and alkali resistance, low density, and elasticity. However, it has low melting temperature and is difficult to dye. Major applications of polypropylene fiber include nonwovens for products like medical fabrics and construction materials due to its performance and low cost.
Pvc doors
its about the pvc (polyvinyl chloride) doors about its properties, advantages and disadvantages with market survey of pvc doors according to indian rupees and in additional i can provide pvc doors plan, elevation and section sheet on request.
Nylon pc blends
This document discusses nylon polycarbonate blends. It provides background on nylons, polycarbonates, and their properties. Nylon and polycarbonate are incompatible and require compatibilizers like phenoxy resins or maleated polymers. Blends of nylon and polycarbonate can overcome weaknesses of each material while maintaining strengths. Commercial blends use compatibilizers and have high impact strength, chemical resistance, and dimensional stability, making them suitable for automotive and household applications.
food packaging lec 1 (1).pptx
This document discusses various types of polymers used in food packaging, including nylons, ethylene-vinyl alcohol, and biodegradable polymers. It describes the monomers, properties, and applications of different nylon polymers like nylon 6, nylon 12, and nylon 66. Biodegradable polymers discussed include polylactic acid, made from corn starch, as well as polycaprolactone, a biodegradable polyester. The document provides detailed information on the production and uses of these materials for food and medical packaging applications.
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This document summarizes the manufacturing processes of several polymers:
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Akalin Polymers Industry.ppt
This document provides information about different types of polymers including their classification, production methods, common uses, and market trends. The key points are:
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2) Common synthetic polymers include polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polypropylene, polystyrene, and nylon. They have a variety of applications from packaging to piping to fabrics.
3) The global polyolefins market, including polyethylene and polypropylene, represents over 60% of the thermoplastics market and is expected to continue growing in the
Industrial uses of ethene
Ethene has two main industrial uses. It is used to accelerate the ripening of fruits like bananas and citrus fruits. It is also used to manufacture plastics through polymerization. Ethene undergoes polymerization to create polyethene, which is used to make various plastic items like bottles, bins, and food packaging. Ethene can also be converted into other chemicals like vinyl chloride and styrene, which polymerize to form polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and polystyrene plastics respectively. These plastics have various applications and are replacements for materials like rubber, steel, and glass. Ethene is also used to produce chemicals like ethylene glycol for antifreeze and
Green Chemistry Proposal
- The document presents a student project proposal to replace polyvinyl chloride (PVC) with polyethylene in inflatable water slides due to health and environmental concerns with PVC.
- The student proposes using high density polyethylene (HDPE) instead of PVC as it is a strong polymer that can be processed similarly without the plasticizers and hazards of PVC.
- An analysis of the lifecycles and production of PVC and HDPE shows that HDPE has fewer environmental impacts and risks to human health compared to PVC.
polymer .pptx
Polymer is a large molecule made of repeating structural units called monomers. The process of linking monomers together to form polymers is called polymerization. There are several ways to classify polymers, including by their origin (natural, synthetic, semisynthetic), structure (linear, branched, cross-linked), and mode of polymerization (addition, condensation). Common polymers include polyethylene, nylon, polyester, bakelite, and natural rubber.
Polyvinyl Chloride
This document provides information about polyvinyl chloride (PVC), including its structure, properties, processing, applications, and manufacturing of rigid PVC pipes. PVC is a thermoplastic polymer made from vinyl chloride monomer units. It has good mechanical, thermal, electrical, and chemical resistance properties which make it useful for pipes, furniture, medical devices, wires, and other applications. Rigid PVC pipes are produced through an extrusion process where impact modifiers are added to PVC before melting and extruding through a die to form continuous pipe profiles.
Polypropene
This document provides information about polypropylene, including:
- Its discovery in 1951 by Phillips Petroleum chemists who first polymerized propylene, and its commercial production starting in 1957.
- Its structure as an addition polymer made from the monomer propylene, with methyl groups attached to every other carbon in the backbone chain.
- Its properties including chemical resistance to many solvents, bases and acids, and its mechanical properties of being tough and flexible.
- Its uses in products like food containers, medical devices, ropes, piping systems and more due to its resistance to corrosion and chemicals.
- How isotactic and syndiotactic polypropylene structures are controlled
Biodegradable polymers by madhuri phute
This document discusses biodegradable polymers. It begins by defining biodegradation as the process of converting polymers into harmless gaseous products via microorganisms and enzymes. It then notes that biodegradable polymers eliminate the need for disposal systems by degrading through natural biological processes. The document outlines the need for biodegradable polymers due to the large amount of non-biodegradable plastic waste produced annually. It proceeds to discuss various biodegradable polymers like biopol, polycaprolactone, polylactic acid, polyglycolic acid, and their characteristics, production processes, uses, and degradation mechanisms.
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Polymers,PVC
- 3. POLYMER A polymer is define as the substance having very high molecular weight and is made by joining of large number of simple molecules . These are the molecules having certain structural unit repeating large number of times .
- 4. TYPES OF POLYMERS Natural Polymers Synthetic Polymers Linear Polymers Commercial Polymers
- 5. COMMERCIAL POLYMERS : Poly Ethylene Poly Propylene Poly Vinyl Chloride Poly Vinyl Acetate Poly Styrene Poly Acrylonitrile TEFLON
- 6. POLY VINYL CHLORIDE{PVC} : Polyvinyl Chloride is obtained by heating a water-emulsion of vinyl chloride in presence of a small amount of benzyl peroxide. PVC is generally prepared by treating acetylene at 1 to 1.5 atm with hydrogen chloride at 60-80 degree.
- 7. PROPERTIES : PVC is colourless odourless,non- inflammable and resistant light,inorganic acids and alkalis. Pure resin possesses a high softening point and a greater stifness and rigidity compared to polyethylene, but is brittle. It is the mostly widely used in synthetic plastic.
- 8. USES OF PVC : PVC is mainly used in PVC pipes. It is used in making sheets, light-fittings, refrigerator parts. It is also used in cycles, tyres, motor cycle parts, toys, aero-planes parts.
- 9. APPLICATIONS OF POLYMERS It is difficult to find an aspect of our lives that is not affected by polymers. Polymers in daily life. Polymers in sports. Polymers in medicine. Polymers in aero-space. Polymers in electroincs. Polymers in defence.
- 10. Top Polymer Companies: Dow, Dupont, Basf, Bayer, Mitsubishi. Mercedes-benz, Audi, Maruti. SABIC, Shell, Braskem, Ticona. PPG Industries and Eastman.
- 11. THANK YOU