The document discusses plant structure and function, categorizing them into vascular and nonvascular types, each with distinct parts like roots, stems, and leaves. It explains the process of photosynthesis, highlighting how plants convert sunlight, water, and carbon dioxide into sugar while releasing oxygen. Additionally, it touches on plant reproduction, distinguishing between seed-producing and non-seed-producing plants.

1. PLANTS: structure and function

2. Plants: Grouped by characteristics
 Vascular
 Three main parts: roots, stems and leaves
 Roots can be different sizes:
 Fibrous and tap roots
 Storage roots; beets, carrots, sweet potatoes and turnips
 Roots have different functions: anchoring the plant, taking in
water and minerals, and store food.
 Nonvascular
 Simple; most grow in moist places
 No vascular tissues.

3. Vascular Plants: Stems
 Function of stems
 Support, transport of water & food
 Most stems grow upward
 Some stems grow sideward
 Types of stems
 Green
 Woody
 Transport of materials
 Xylem & phloem

4. Vascular Plants: Leaves
 Leaves come in variety of shapes and sizes
 Leaves are arranged in different ways

5. What do plants do?
 All plants are alike in one way.
 They need three things in order
to survive
 Water
 carbon dioxide
 energy from sunlight
 What do you suppose the plants
use these things for?
Classify – to
sort into groups
based on
similarities and
differences

6.  They turn it into sugar!
photosynthesis – a
process by which
plants change light
energy from the sun
and use it to make
sugar
 Plants and some
protists conduct
photosynthesis.

7. Photosynthesis
A movie of photosynthesis
chlorophyll – the
green substance
found in plants
that traps
energy from the
sun and gives
plants their
green color
carbon dioxide – a
gas found in air
 As a plant makes sugar, oxygen is
released
 When the plant uses the sugar,
water and carbon dioxide are
released.

8. How Do Plants Get Energy
Plant leaves change light
energy into energy
the plant can use.
Stomata are
tiny holes on
the bottom of
the leaf that let
air (CO2.) in
and (O2)out.
They get sunlight,
water, and air (CO2.)
The veins of a leaf bring
water and minerals to the leaf
from the stems and roots.
Roots get water and
minerals directly from the
soil.

9.  Because of this process
 Scientists are able to classify living things
by the way they get their food.
 Plants are producers (autotrophs)
producer – it is a
living thing that
uses sunlight to
make sugar. This
sugar feeds others.

10. Plants are classified by characteristics.
Plants that make seeds Plants that do not make
seeds
Flowering
Plants
Conifers Ferns Mosses
Plants reproduce differently
Reproduce – it
means “to make more
of the same kind”

11. a protective
covering that
surrounds the
seed
anchor the plant
in place and
absorb water
and other
minerals from
the soil.
carries water and food
to the rest of the plant.
makes the plant's
food.
makes seeds.

12. Some flowering plants are
dicot seed – a
seed that has two
seed leaves that
contain stored
food
monocot
seed – a
seed that
has one
seed leaf
and
stored
food
outside
the seed
leaf