This document discusses various topics related to embedded systems including microcontrollers versus microprocessors, interfacing components like LEDs and LCDs, programming concepts like for loops and if statements, and examples of embedded systems like a digital clock and temperature sensor. It provides code examples in C programming language to interface different components and displays output screenshots.

1. Divya Bansal
E.C.E Deptt.
EMBEDDED SYSTEM
(PIC
MICROCONTROLLER)

2. Embedded System
Microcontroller v/s microprocessor
Tina Pro
Led Interfacing
Led Blinking
Led blinking Turn By Turn
Led Running
X-Pattern
Digital Counting

3. Pin Programming
Switching Pattern
For And If Loop
Lcd Interfacing
Name Blinking
Name Running
Moving Words
Counting using ASCII Codes
Digital Clock

4. Temperature Sensor
DC Motor Interfacing
Stepper Motor Interfacing
Relay Interfacing
Seven Segment Display
Display Single Digit
Display Different Digits

5. Embedded system is one that has computer hardware
with
software embedded in it as one of its important
components. Its
software embeds on ROM. It does not need secondary
memories
as in a computer.
Void main
{
Trisb=0x00;
while(1)
{
portb=0xff delay_ms(100);
portb=0x00;
delay_ms(100);
}
}

6. SYSTEM EXAMPLES
It is a time display
system.
All needles move clockwise only.
A thin needle rotate every second.
A long needle rotate every
minute.
A short needle rotate every hours.
All needles return to original
position
after 12 hours.

7. HOUSEHOLD
APPLIANCES
AUDIO PLAYERS
AIRCRAFTS
TELEPHONES
CALCULATORS
MEDICAL
EQUIPMENT
VIDEO GAMES
DIGITAL MUSIC
INSTRUMENT

8. Peripherals interface controller
Developed by Microchip technology
Microcontroller’s
Not microprocessors
Microprocessor system with
number of components.

9. A microprocessor is
a programmable
digital electronic
component that
incorporates the
function of CPU on
a single semi
conducting IC.
Microprocessor is of
8-bit, 16-bit, 32-bit,

10. A tiny computer that
programmable
to run a program.
Serves as a bridge between the
physical world and computer
world.
Interact with the “real world”
through
transducers such as sensors,
motors
lights etc,
Four functions: Input, Process,
Output then communicate.

11. It is a general purpose
computer.
It has 1 or 2
instructions.
IT contain CPU,
memory
addressing ckts. And
interrupt handling
ckts.
It has many opcodes
for
It is special purpose
digital computer.
It will have many.
It contain all these
as well as timers,
parallel and serial
i/o
and internal RAM
and
ROM.
It has 1 or 2.

12. Tina pro is a
affordable software
for elect. Students to
simulate circuits. In
this we have to pull
and place
components. It is
advance technology
for engineer to test
the circuit with
implementing into
the pcb, using pcb
may cause several
damage on
electronics
equipment

13. Here we connect the led
with npn transistor at the
collector side and ground
the emitter terminal. We
connect the supply or
battery at collector
terminal, it is of 5v. We
connect the resistance of
220ohm at anode so that
more current will not be
pass and we select 220
because of led internal
resistance.

14. Here we connect the
led with npn
transistor at the
collector side when
we close the switch
and supply will
given then led will
glow like shown
with arrows.

15. Here we connect the led
with pnp transistor at
the emitter side and
ground the collector
terminal. We connect the
supply or battery at
emitter terminal, it is of
5v. We connect the
resistance of 220ohm at
cathode so that more
current will not be pass
and we select 220
because of led internal

16. Here we connect
the led with pnp
transistor at
the emitter side
when we close the
switch and
supply will
given then led
will glow like
shown with

17. Here we use two npn
and 1 switch. We use a
battery of 5v and
ammeter so that we
check the current flow
through the circuit. We
connect the bulb at the
load or we can say that
between collector of first
npn and second npn
transistor. When we
close the switch and
supply is given to the
circuit then bulb will

18. Here we connect
two npn transistor
back to back,
when we close the
switch and supply
will given to the
circuit then bulb
will glow like
shown with
arrows.

19. Here we use npn
and pnp. We use a
battery of 5v . We
connect the bulb at
the load or we can
say that between
collector of npn and
emitter of pnp
transistor. When we
close the switch and
supply is given to
the circuit then bulb
will glow.

20. Here we use npn and
pnp. We use a
battery of 5v . We
connect the bulb at
the load or we can
say that between
collector of npn and
emitter of pnp
transistor. When we
close the switch and
supply is given to
the circuit then bulb
will glow, shown

21. Here we use 4
npn. We use a
battery of 5v.
We connect the
motor between 4
npn transistor.
We use 4
switches at the
base of each
transistor or we
can say that we
use transistor

22. When we close s1, s3 switch the motor rotates
clockwise and s2, s4 close, then motor rotates

23. Relay is a electro
mechanical switch.
Here we use SPOR
here we connect the
bulb and battery to
give the supply to
the circuit and
ammeter. It is used
to check that how
much current is
flow through the
circuit.

24. Mikro c is a
powerful feature
rich development
tool for PIC. It is
designed to provide
the programmer
with easiest possible
solution for
developing
applications for
embedded system,
without

25. 1. void main()
2. {
3. int i,j,k;
4. trisb=0x00;
5. lcd_init(&portb);
6. lcd_cmd(lcd_clear);
7. lcd_cmd(lcd_cursor_off);
8. while(1)
9. {
10. for(i=16;i>=1;i--)
11. {
12. Lcd_chr(1,i,'N');
PROGRAM FOR MOVING WORDSPROGRAM FOR MOVING WORDS

26. 13. delay_ms(100);
14. lcd_chr(1,i+1,' ');
15. delay_ms(100);
16. }
17. for(j=16;j>=2;j--)
18. {
19. lcd_chr(1,j,'E');
20. delay_ms(100);
21. lcd_chr(1,j+1,' ');
22. delay_ms(100);
23. }
PROGRAM FOR MOVING WORDSPROGRAM FOR MOVING WORDS

27. 24. for(k=16;k>=3;k--)
25. {
26. lcd_chr(1,k,'T');
27. delay_ms(100);
28. {
29. lcd_chr(1,k,'T');
30. delay_ms(100);
31. lcd_chr(1,k+1,' ');
32. delay_ms(100);
33. }
34. }
35. }
PROGRAM FOR MOVING WORDSPROGRAM FOR MOVING WORDS

28. OUTPUT OF MOVING WORDSOUTPUT OF MOVING WORDS
N N E E
T T

29. 1. Void ascii(unsigned char
d)
2. {
3. Unsigned char t;
4. T=d/10;
5. Lcd_chr_cp(t+48);
6. T=d%10;
7. Lcd_chr_cp(t+48);
8. }
9. Void main()
10. {
11. int k;
12.Trisb=0x00;

30. 13. Lcd_init(&portb);
14. lcd_cmd(lcd_clear);
15. lcd_cmd(lcd_cursor_off);
16. while(1)
17. {
18. for(k=0;k<=99;k++)
19. {
20. lcd_cmd(0x85);
21. ascii(k);
22. delay_ms(300);
23. }
24. }}

31. 0 1
99
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UPTO