This document describes an automatic Mall elevator control system that uses an infrared sensor and microcontroller to automatically turn the elevator lights on when someone enters and off when they leave to save power. It includes block diagrams of the system components, detailed circuit diagrams and explanations of the infrared transmitter, receiver, microcontroller, and power supply circuits. The system aims to save electrical power by automatically controlling the elevator lights based on occupancy.

1. Under Guidence
Prof. Mrs S. P. Thote
Lect. Deptt .Of Electrical Engineering
G. P. Gadchiroli

2. Index
 Introduction
 Block Diagram
 Circuit Diagram
 IR Transmitter
 IR Receiver Circuit
 Microcontroller
 Digital Controller
 Power Supply
 Conclusion
 Advantages
 Reference

3. Introduction
 As in today needs the major aspect is to save the power that is bug
issues in day to day work by saving bit by bit power by ever person
can save a good amount of electrical power so keeping in mind we
had tried to develop.
 An project which will automatically save the power by sensing the
person in the elevatorit is based on microcontroller
 Which counts the person entering in the Mall elevator an
accordingly
 It will switch the light ON and start counting the number of person
entering insides the room. When this person leaves the elevatorit will
count the person leavening the room.
 This Project “Automatic Mall Elevator ” is a reliable circuit that takes
over the task of controlling the Mall elevator .
 When somebody enters into the elevator in the Mall will be ON and
when any one leaves the elevator then is stop.

4. Block Diagram

5. DESCRIPTION OF BLOCK
DIAGRAM
The typical block diagram of the proposed project is
shown
in the figure.
The block diagram consists of five parts.
 Regulated DC power supply.
 Microcontroller.
 Interfacing circuit.
 Motor and devices.

6. 1)Regulated DC Power Supply:-
It is used to provide the supply to the interfacing circuit. The
whole arrangement is as shown in the block diagram.
2)Micro Controller:-
For controlling of the circuit the PC controller is provided. The
PC controller is nothing but the keyboard. All the control can be done by
keyboard.
3)Interfacing Circuit:-
Interfacing circuit consist of two circuit. First is switching
circuit and second is speed controller circuit.
4)Motor and Devices:-
Motor is connected to the speed controller circuit and devices
are connected to switching circuit.

7. Circuit Diagram

9. Circuit Explanation
 IR emits the rays amplified by transistor and generated by
555 timer.
 TSOP sense the signal and sends to the transistor Which has
555 timer sends to the microcontroller will has the
programming which sends to decoder which trigger the relay
Through which it will trigger the relay ON.
 Certain frequency and ignores all other IR received.
 The best frequency for the job is between 30 and 60kHz, the
most used is around 36kHz.
 So, remote controls use the 36kHz (or around) to transmit
information.
 InfraRed light emitted by IR Diodes is pulsated at 36
thousand times per second, when transmitting logic level "1"
and silence for "0".

10.  To generate a 36kHz pulsating infrared is quite easy, more
difficult is to receive and identify this frequency.
 This is why some companies produce infrared receives, that
contains the filters, decoding circuits and the output shaper, that
delivers a square wave, meaning the existence or not of the
36kHz incoming pulsating infrared.
 When switch S1 is in „on‟ position, the transmitter circuit, IR
receiver module TSOP1738, which is commonly used in colors
televisions for sensing the IR signals transmitted from the TV
remote, is used as the sensor.
 IR signals transmitted from the TV remote, is used as the sensor.
 The IR beams transmitted by IR LED1 and LED2 fall on infrared
receiver module IR RX1 of the receiver circuit to produce a low
output at its pin 2. This keeps transistor T1 in non-conduction
mode. Now when anyone enters through the gate to interrupt the
IR beam, the IR receiver module produces a high output at its pin
3.

11. IR TRANSMITTER
 IC 555 is used as an Multivibrator.
 This is a free running oscillator and the frequency can be
adjusted using 100k preset (variable resistor).
 Free running oscillator means, it is itself starting circuit which
outputs a waveform that repeats itself without being either
triggered or re-triggered.
 The output of the oscillator is periodic (i.e. repeats itself
regularly) pulse or wave train.
 In a periodic signal the wave repeats itself indefinitely until the
circuit is either turned off or otherwise inhibited.
 In this mode of operation, the capacitor charges and
discharges between 1/3 Vcc and 2/3 Vcc.
 As in the triggered mode, the charge and discharge times and
therefore the frequency are independent of the supply
voltage.

12. IR RECEIVER CIRCUIT
 when IR signals does not falls on the TSOP 1738 its output pin
no.3 goes high.
 R14 resistance is used to limit the current at the output of the
TSOP and fed to pin1 of the NOT gate ic which has internal 6 not
gate.
 1st not gate invert its output and its output is again inverted by
another not gate and increases its output current to switch the
switching transistor 2N2222A or SL100 which is NPN switching
transistor.
 The ground signal is generated by the transistor is fed.
 Receiver circuit operated at 5V DC and it is drive from power
supply circuit.
 Transformer converts 230V AC to 12V AC and the 12V AC is
converted into DC by Diode D1 & D2 it filtered by Capacitor
C1, IC3 gives.
 Regulated 5V DC to other circuit. Infra-red receiver module
detected 38 kHz signal this is transmitted from transmitter circuit.

13. MICROCONTROLLER

14.  Microcontrollers are used in automatically controlled products
and devices, such as automobile engine control systems,
remote controls, office machines, appliances, power tools,
and toys.
 By reducing the size and cost compared to a design that uses
a separate microprocessor, memory, and input/output
devices, microcontrollers make it economical to digitally
control even more devices and processes.
 Mixed signal microcontrollers are common, integrating analog
components needed to control non-digital electronic systems.
 The Light control of street is very crucial especially in
applications where precision are of importance.
 This work investigates and implements a microcontroller-
based adjustable system for a energy.

15. INFRARED IN ELECTRONICS
 Infra-Red is interesting, because it is easily generated and
doesn't suffer electromagnetic interference, so it is nicely
used to communication and control, but it is not perfect, some
other light emissions could contains infrared as well, and that
can interfere in this communication.
 The adventure of using lots of infra-red in TV/VCR remote
controls and other applications, brought infra-red diodes
(emitter and receivers) at very low cost at the market.
 This light can means something to the receiver, the "on or off"
radiation can transmit different meanings.
 Lots of things can generate infrared, anything that radiate
heat do it, including out body, lamps, stove, oven, friction your
hands together, even the hot water at the faucet.

16. DIGITAL CONTROL
 Efficient control of motor and other electrical devices
becomes critical where high precision, accuracy, flexibility;
reliability and faster response are of paramount importance.
 Therefore for efficient control electronics and digital control
are employed in which a solid state semiconductor are used.
 In advance we can use a software programming in which
electronics circuit are interfaced with computers.
 By using software program there is less possibility of
irregularity.

17. Advantages of Digital Control
 Digital control gives the high precision and accuracy.
 Digital control gives better speed regulation.
 Digital control gives faster response and flexibility.
 It gives better time response and improved performance.
 It has easy software control.
 It is economical and reliable.
 The greatest advantages of digital control is that by changing the program desired
control technique can be implemented without any change in the hardware

18. BLOCK DIAGRAM OF POWER
SUPPLY

19. POWER SUPPLY
 Power supply is the first and most important part of our project.
 In the proposed project the power supply circuit is used to provide
the regulated supply to the IC`s used in the project.
 Power supply circuit consists of step down transformer, rectifier
circuit, filter circuit and regulator IC.
Step Down Transformer
o Transformers are static device which convert the electrical energy
from one circuit to another circuit without any change in frequency
and power.
o Step down transformer means the transformer which reduces the
supply voltage to the desired value.
o In our project we need 12 volt DC supply, therefore in this project 12-
0-12, 500mA transformer is used.

20. Rectifier Circuit
o Rectifier is a circuit which converts the AC electrical energy into Dc electrical
energy.
o For operating of semiconductor devices used in this project we need
regulated DC supply.
o In this project we use centre tap full wave rectifier.
o Full wave rectifier circuit is capable of converting sinusoidal input into a
unidirectional output.
o The circuit diagram is as shown in the figure.
Filter Circuit
o It is seen that the output of the rectifier is not pure DC, because it contain
some amount of AC component which is called as ripple factor.
o This circuit is connected after the rectifier circuit. In our project capacitor input
filter is used.
o The circuit is as shown in the figure.
The capacitor is connected in parallel to minimize the ripple
factor.

21. Regulator Circuit
o In our project for the operation of IC we need +5 volt regulated
supply is necessary therefore a voltage regulator circuit is used.
o A voltage regulator is a circuit that supplies constant voltages
regardless of change in the load current. IC voltage regulators are
versatile and generally used.
o The 7800 series consist of three terminal positive voltage
regulators. These ICs are designed as fixed voltage regulator and
adequate heat sink.
o It can be deliver output current in access of 1A.
o These devices do not required external component.
o These ICs has internal terminal overload protection and internal
short circuit and current limiting protection.

22. CONCLUSION
 In the designing of our projects, we have kept in mind the
user in the implementation part which interacting with the
user we had given lot of guideline to user with various
massages.
• It has powerful control with which you can easily implement
various facilities in our projects .the screen are very user
friendly.

23. ADVANTAGES
 Only single man can control the all over industry from one
place with single unit control.
 The operation and working are performed very accurately as
compared with existing technology.
 It saves the valuable time as well as man power.
 Chances of physical and mental stress on the worker are
minimized.

24. APPLICATION
 It is used in Mall elevator for power
saving.
 It is used in hotel
 It used in seminar hall
 It used in cinema hall
 It used in air ports
 It is used in Offices

25. Reference
 Power electronics laboratory
O. P. Arora
Wheezes publication, New Delhi.
 Power electronics and drive
G. k. Dubey and C. Rao
Tata Mc. Graw hill international ltd.
 Integrated electronics
J. Millan and C. Halkias
Tata Mc. Graw hill international ltd.
 Electrical technology volume 2
B. l. Thereja and A. k. Thereja
S. Chand Publication.
 www.efy.com