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Physics: Potential and Kinetic Energy
Energy is the ability to do work and exists as potential energy (stored energy) and kinetic energy (energy of motion). Potential energy increases with height and mass while kinetic energy increases with speed and mass. Energy is neither created nor destroyed; it is transferred or stored.
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Physics: Potential and Kinetic Energy
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- 2. What is ENERGY? •Energy is the ability to do work. • Everything that happens in the world uses energy! • Most of the time we can’t see energy, but it is everywhere around us!
- 3. Energy… • is NEVERcreated or destroyed! • can only be STORED or TRANFERRED.
- 4. Batteries store energy! Thiscar uses a lot of energy We get our energy from FOOD! Even this sleeping puppy is using stored energy.
- 5. Remember: ALL matter ismade up of particles. The particles NEVER stop moving.
- 6. How is allenergy divided? All Energy Potential Energy Kinetic Energy
- 7. Potential Energy is… •The energy stored in an object. • "Potential" simply means the energy has the ability to do something useful later on.
- 8. Examples of PotentialEnergy: A stretched rubber band.. Water at the top of a waterfall.. Yo–Yo held in your hand.. A drawn Bow and Arrow…
- 9. • The higheran object, the more potential energy. • The more mass an object has, the more potential energy it has.
- 10. Which object hasmore potential energy? A B
- 11. ANSWER A This brick hasmore mass than the feather; therefore more potential energy!
- 12. Changing an objects’height can change its potential energy. • If I want to drop an apple from the top of one of these three things, where will be the most potential energy? A B C
- 13. ANSWER • The higherthe object, the more potential energy! A
- 14. Potential Energy Convertedto Kinetic Energy… • When stored energy begins to move, the object now transfers from potential energy into kinetic energy.
- 15. Kinetic Energy Is… •The energy of a moving object. • "Kinetic" means movement! • When stored energy is being used up, it is making things move or happen.
- 16. Examples of KineticEnergy:
- 17. • The fasterthe object moves, the more kinetic energy is produced. • The greater the mass and speed of an object, the more kinetic energy there will be.
- 18. When these objectsmove at the same speed, which will have more kinetic energy?
- 19. ANSWER The semi- truckhas more mass; therefore, more kinetic energy!
- 20. • An objecthas the MOST kinetic energy when it’s movement is the GREATEST. • When an object has the LEAST potential energy, it has the MOST kinetic energy.
- 21. SAMPLE PROBLEMS 1. Calculatethe kinetic energy of a 1000-kg car traveling at 60km/h? 2. If a 0.2-kg ball is thrown with a velocity of 6m/s, what is its KE? 3. What is the potential energy of a 0.3-kg ball lifted to a height of 5.0 m above the ground? 4. A 1.5-kg book on top a shelf has a PE of 29.4 J. How high is the shelf?
- 22. A water bottleis knocked off a desk. When does the bottle have the MOST kinetic energy? A. At the top of the fall. B. In the middle of the fall. C. At the bottom of the fall.
- 23. • C. Atthe bottom of the fall. • It has the most kinetic energy when its movement and speed are greatest, which is at the bottom of the fall right before it hits the ground. • When an object has the LEAST potential energy is when it has the MOST kinetic energy. BrainPop
- 24. Roller Coasters • Whendoes the train on this roller coaster have the MOST potential energy? • AT THE VERY TOP! • The HIGHER the train is lifted by the motor, the MORE potential energy is produced. • At the top of the hill the train has a huge amount of potential energy, but it has very little kinetic energy.
- 25. • As thetrain accelerates down the hill the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy. • There is very little potential energy at the bottom of the hill, but there is a great amount of kinetic energy.
- 26. • When doesthe train on this roller coaster have the MOST kinetic energy? (When is it moving the fastest?) (When does it have the LEAST potential energy???) • At the bottom of the tallest hill!
- 28. • Animated RollerCoaster
- 29. • All energyis divided into two types: potential and kinetic. • Potential Energy: The energy stored in an object. • Kinetic Energy: The energy of a moving object. • Energy is never created or destroyed. It is always stored or transferred.