Higher order derivatives are obtained by repeatedly taking the derivative of a function or its derivatives. The order of a derivative refers to how many times differentiation has been performed. To find a higher order derivative, one simply takes the derivative of the existing derivative. For example, to get the third derivative f'''(x) of a function f(x), one would take the derivative of the second derivative f''(x). Higher derivatives provide important information about the curvature and flexibility of a function at different points.