photogrammetry
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Photogrammetry is defined as obtaining reliable information about physical objects and environments through processing photographic images. It has its origins in 1851 when the first photogrammetrical devices and methods were developed. Key developments included the first congress on photogrammetry in 1913 and the rise of digital photogrammetry in the 1980s due to improvements in computer hardware and software. Photogrammetry uses triangulation by taking photos from different locations to develop lines of sight and mathematically intersect them to produce 3D coordinates of points of interest. It has various applications including land surveying, medical imaging, military operations, traffic engineering, and structural analysis.
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Introduction of photogrammetry
This document provides an overview of photogrammetry, including a brief history of aerial photography, definitions of key terms, and descriptions of different types of photogrammetry and imaging. It discusses the general photogrammetric process and products that can be created. Specific topics covered include the development of aerial photography from the 1850s onwards, definitions of photogrammetry, close range, terrestrial, aerial, and space photogrammetry, types of aerial images, photogrammetric mapping techniques, and historical photogrammetric plotting instruments.
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This document discusses the history and fundamentals of digital photogrammetry. It describes the evolution from analog to digital photogrammetry and how computer hardware and software have advanced the discipline. The key aspects covered include digital image characteristics like resolution, sampling and quantization. It also outlines common image processing operations, hardware requirements, and software functions needed for digital photogrammetry like image matching, rectification and visualization.
Historical Development of Photogrammetry
This document summarizes the historical development of photogrammetry. It describes how photogrammetry evolved from early plane table photogrammetry between 1850-1900, to analog photogrammetry between 1900-1960, to analytical photogrammetry between 1960-present. It also discusses how digital photogrammetry is just beginning. The document provides background on important historical figures and developments in the field, including the first uses of aerial photography in the late 19th century and how photogrammetry has been used to create topographic maps since the 1840s.
Digital photogrammetry
This document discusses digital photogrammetry. It begins by explaining that digital photogrammetry uses digital images that are stored and processed on a computer, rather than hard copy photos. These digital images can come from satellites, airplanes, or cameras. The document then discusses some applications of digital photogrammetry like topographic mapping and creating orthophotos, digital elevation models (DEMs), and virtual landscapes. It also notes that nadir imagery and image overlap are needed to provide 3D information. Finally, the document lists some common products of digital photogrammetry such as maps, DEMs, and virtual landscapes.
Photogrammetry
This document defines photogrammetry as obtaining reliable measurements through photography. It discusses how aerial photographs provide single-point perspective views of the Earth's surface rather than orthogonal maps. Key aspects of photogrammetry covered include preparing maps from overlapping aerial photos, quantitative and qualitative data extraction, aerial camera geometry, scales, distortions, determining object heights from shadows and relief displacement.
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Photogrammetry is the science of obtaining information about physical objects through images. It involves mapping terrain from aerial photographs. Key points:
- Aerial photography is the most common and effective method for large-scale topographic mapping. Photogrammetry is used by the U.S. Geological Survey and for various applications like engineering projects.
- Precise 3D measurements can be made from stereo pairs of photographs using a stereoplotter. Control points are also needed from field surveys.
- Factors like terrain, camera focal length, flying height, overlap, and scale must be considered to plan a photogrammetry project. Proper planning is required to efficiently capture needed imagery and produce accurate maps.
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This document discusses stereoscopy and parallax measurement in aerial photography. Stereoscopy uses two photographs of the same ground area taken from separate positions to create a stereo pair that enables three-dimensional viewing. Parallax is the displacement of an object caused by a change in the point of observation. Stereoscopic parallax occurs when photographs are taken of the same object from different positions, allowing measurement of differences in elevation.
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Introduction of photogrammetry
This document provides an overview of photogrammetry, including a brief history of aerial photography, definitions of key terms, and descriptions of different types of photogrammetry and imaging. It discusses the general photogrammetric process and products that can be created. Specific topics covered include the development of aerial photography from the 1850s onwards, definitions of photogrammetry, close range, terrestrial, aerial, and space photogrammetry, types of aerial images, photogrammetric mapping techniques, and historical photogrammetric plotting instruments.
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Historical Development of Photogrammetry
This document summarizes the historical development of photogrammetry. It describes how photogrammetry evolved from early plane table photogrammetry between 1850-1900, to analog photogrammetry between 1900-1960, to analytical photogrammetry between 1960-present. It also discusses how digital photogrammetry is just beginning. The document provides background on important historical figures and developments in the field, including the first uses of aerial photography in the late 19th century and how photogrammetry has been used to create topographic maps since the 1840s.
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This document defines photogrammetry as obtaining reliable measurements through photography. It discusses how aerial photographs provide single-point perspective views of the Earth's surface rather than orthogonal maps. Key aspects of photogrammetry covered include preparing maps from overlapping aerial photos, quantitative and qualitative data extraction, aerial camera geometry, scales, distortions, determining object heights from shadows and relief displacement.
Photogrammetry
Photogrammetry is the science of obtaining information about physical objects through images. It involves mapping terrain from aerial photographs. Key points:
- Aerial photography is the most common and effective method for large-scale topographic mapping. Photogrammetry is used by the U.S. Geological Survey and for various applications like engineering projects.
- Precise 3D measurements can be made from stereo pairs of photographs using a stereoplotter. Control points are also needed from field surveys.
- Factors like terrain, camera focal length, flying height, overlap, and scale must be considered to plan a photogrammetry project. Proper planning is required to efficiently capture needed imagery and produce accurate maps.
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This document discusses stereoscopy and parallax measurement in aerial photography. Stereoscopy uses two photographs of the same ground area taken from separate positions to create a stereo pair that enables three-dimensional viewing. Parallax is the displacement of an object caused by a change in the point of observation. Stereoscopic parallax occurs when photographs are taken of the same object from different positions, allowing measurement of differences in elevation.
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Photogrammetry is the science of obtaining information about physical objects through photographs, without needing direct contact. It involves measuring and analyzing captured images. The name comes from Greek roots meaning "light", "drawing", and "to measure". Key developments included using photography for mapmaking in the 1840s-1850s, the photogrammetric stereoplotter in the 1890s, and aerial photography from balloons and planes in the 1860s-1900s, advancing the field into the digital era.
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Photogrammetry is the science of obtaining information about physical objects through photographs, without needing direct contact. It involves measuring and analyzing captured images. The name comes from Greek roots meaning "light", "drawing", and "to measure". Key developments included using photography for mapmaking in the 1840s-1850s, the photogrammetric stereoplotter in the 1890s, and aerial photography from balloons and planes in the 1860s-1900s, advancing the field into the digital era.
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This document discusses the different types of aerial cameras used for photogrammetry. It describes single-lens frame cameras which have a fixed lens and film and are classified by their angular field of view. It also covers multi-lens frame cameras which use two or more lenses to simultaneously expose the same area on different films. Strip cameras are described as using a single or two lenses to continuously photograph a film passing over a narrow slit. Finally, panoramic cameras are outlined as providing a horizontal strip of terrain from horizon to horizon by laterally scanning from one side to the other.
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This document discusses the different types of aerial photographs. It outlines that aerial photographs can be categorized based on:
1) The direction or position of the camera axis, including vertical, horizontal, oblique, convergent, and trimetrogon photographs
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3) The type of film used in the camera, including black and white, infrared, and colored photographs.
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This document discusses various techniques for analyzing aerial photographs, including:
- Calculating the scale of photographs based on known distances and camera specifications. Scale expresses the ratio of distances on the photo to distances on the ground.
- Determining the heights of objects visible in photos using relief displacement, which measures the difference in an object's appearance between the top and bottom due to perspective.
- Planning flight paths to ensure adequate overlap between consecutive aerial photos for stereoscopic analysis and 3D modeling.
- Using a stereoscope to merge overlapping photo pairs and perceive depth and parallax differences between matching points in the stereo pair.
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Photogrammetry is the science of obtaining reliable measurements from photographs. There are three main techniques: aerial, using vertically downward photos from planes or satellites; terrestrial, using horizontal photos on the ground; and industrial, adapting terrestrial techniques to small areas. Aerial photos are used for topographic mapping, cadastral plans, land use maps, and hydrographic charts. Stereo plotters allow precise 3D measurement and analysis from stereo photo pairs. Photogrammetry has many applications beyond traditional surveying, including traffic accident reconstruction, medical imaging, and analysis of surface movement.
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The document discusses the early history and development of photography from its origins in the 1820s to modern uses. It notes that:
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Photography is the process of creating durable images by recording light or electromagnetic radiation. The first permanent photograph was created in 1822 by French inventor Nicephore Niepce, and photography was further developed in the 1820s. There are nearly 80 types of photography based on genre, subject, or technique, such as portrait, landscape, documentary, and stock photography. Technical aspects of photography include focus, shutter speed, aperture, ISO, and white balance which influence the final image.
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photogrammetry
- 1. PHOTOGRAMMETRY B Y: M L H A R S H AVA R D H A R O L L N O : 11 3 0 2 0 1 8
- 2. CONTENTS: INTRODUCTION BRIEF HISTROY PRINCIPLE TYPES OF PHOTOGRAMMETRY SCALE PHOTOGRAPHING DEVICES TECHINIQUES APPLICATIONS CONCLUSION
- 3. PHOTO ?
- 4. INTRODUCTION Photogrammetry • It is defined as the art of science obtaining reliable information about physical object and environment to process of recording , measuring and interpreting photographic images
- 5. BRIEF HISTORY • 1851: French officer Aime Laussedat develops th e first photogrammetrical devices and methods. He is seen as the initiator of photogrammetry. • 1911: The Austrian Th. Scheimpflug finds a way to create rectified photographs. He is considered as the initiator of aerial photogrammetry, since h e was the first succeeding to apply the photogra mmetrical principles to aerial photographs
- 6. • 1913: The first congress of the ISP (International Society for Photogrammetry) was held in Vienna . • 1980ies: Due to improvements in computer hard ware and software, digital photogrammetry is g aining more and more importance.
- 7. PRINCIPLE: TRIANGULATION • By taking photographs from at least two different locations, so-called "lines of sight" can be developed from each camera to points on the object. These lines of sight (sometimes called rays owing to their optical nature) are mathematically intersected to produce the 3- dimensional coordinates of the points of interest.
- 12. HIGH OBLIQUE
- 13. LOW OBLIQUE
- 14. Is
- 16. SCALE
- 19. TECHNIQUES PAPER STRIP METHOD OPTICAL RECTIFICATION NUMERICAL RECTIFICATION MONO PLOTTING DIGITAL RECTIFICATION
- 20. APPLICATIONS LAND SURVEYING MEDICAL FIELD MILITARY TRAFFIC ENGINEERING STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS
- 21. CONCLUSION • Photogrammetry can also be thought of as the sciences of geometry, mathematics and physics that use the image of a 3D scene on a 2D piece of paper to reconstruct a reliable and accurate model of the original 3D scene
- 22. REFERENCES : • Prof. D V S N MOORTHY sir notes • Wikipedia • Google images
- 24. DOUBTS: