This document discusses different types of aerial photographs used in photogrammetry. It describes vertical photographs taken directly downward, low oblique photographs taken at a 30 degree angle, and high oblique photographs taken at a 60 degree angle. For each type it provides the characteristics, such as the area covered, ability to measure distances and directions, visibility of relief and the horizon. Vertical photographs cover a small area but allow measurement of distance and direction on flat terrain. Low oblique photographs cover a larger area in a trapezoid shape and provide more familiar perspective. High oblique photographs cover the largest area but do not allow measurement and distort relief.

1. Photogrammetry
Types of Photographs
By
Prasenjit Bhowmick
Asst. Professor
DREAM INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY
Civil Engineering Dept.

2. Types of photographs
 vertical,
 horizontal,
 oblique.
Topics

3. Types of Photographs
Photogrammetry
Photographs
Errestrial
Taken from
ground based
cameras
Aerial
Taken from
air based
cameras

4. Types of Aerial Photographs
Photogrammetry
Aerial
Photographs
According to
orientation of
camera axis
According to
Lens system
According
Film
properties

5. 1. According to orientation of camera axis
Photogrammetry
1Vertical Oblique
• depends upon the angle of the camera
• with respect to the earth's surface

6. Vertical Photographs
Camera points should straight down
Allowable tolerance is ± 3° with plumb line.
Photogrammetry

7. Characteristics
 Axis perpendicular to the earth
 Covers small area
Photogrammetry

8. Characteristics
Distance and directions from flat terrain
Relief not readily apparent
Photogrammetry

9. Relationship of the vertical aerial photograph with the ground
Photogrammetry

10. Low Oblique Photographs
Photogrammetry
Camera
inclined about
30° from the
vertical

11. Characteristics -
Covers a large area
Ground area covered as trapezoid,
square or rectangular
Photogrammetry

12. Characteristics –
Familiar than viewing from the top of
tall object.
Photogrammetry

13. Characteristics –
No distance & Azimuth can measure
with Scale.
Does not show the horizon
Photogrammetry

14. Relationship of low oblique photograph to the ground
Photogrammetry

15. High Oblique Photographs
Camera inclined about 60° from the
vertical
Limited military application
Photogrammetry

16. Characteristics -
Covers a very large area
Distances and directions are not
measured
Photogrammetry

17. Characteristics -
Relief may be quite discernible but
distorted as in any oblique view.
Photogrammetry

18. Characteristics -
The horizon is always visible.
Photogrammetry

19. High oblique photograph
Photogrammetry

20. Vertical Aerial
photograph.
Low-oblique Aerial
photograph.
High-oblique Aerial
photograph
Pc: Kahola, Kansas.
Photogrammetry