Livestock and water in developing countries (SSA)

Livestock and water in developing countries (SSA) (Invited paper) BSAS Annual Conference (2 to 4 April 2007) Southport, UK Presented by Don Peden, ILRI, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia

First key message ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Integrating livestock and water development in developing countries can help:

Second key message ,[object Object]

Research on livestock & water ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],in collaboration with:

What was the CA? ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Three developing country questions were asked ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

What is the CA? – The synthesis ,[object Object],[object Object]

Global livestock distribution ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sub-Saharan livestock distributions ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],11 Grazing 20 Rainfed crop-livestock 33 Irrigated TLU (TLU/km 2 ) Production system

We used a livestock water productivity assessment framework ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

LWP Schematic Rain Surface inflow Non-productive depletion Transpiration Ground H 2 O recharge ,[object Object],[object Object],Agricultural production system Water loss or depletion

LWP Schematic Rain Surface inflow Non-productive depletion Transpiration GW H 2 O recharge Trees Pas- ture Feed crops Food crops Grain Residues Evapo-ration Discharge & flood Contami- nation Available animal feeds Drinking Water Conserving strategies Benefits from plants Feed Sourcing strategies Imported feed Net Animal benefits Meat, milk, hide, manure, power & wealth Productivity- enhancing strategies

Strategy 1: Strategic feed sourcing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Strategy 1: Strategic feed sourcing ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Example reported water productivity of animal feeds 0.1 – 0.7 USA rangeland 1.1 – 1.7 Irrigated alfalfa 6.0 – 8.0 Irrigated sorghum WP (kg/m3) Feed

Strategy 2: Enhance animal productivity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Drought hardy Kenana cattle, Gezira, Sudan

Strategy 2: Enhance animal productivity ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Strategy 3: Reduce grazing and watering impact on water resources ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Strategy 3: Reduce grazing and watering impact on water resources ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Strategy 3: Reduce grazing and watering impact on water resources ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Case 1 Preliminary Comparison of WP in rainfed farming in Ethiopia * Source: LWP from ILRI; Grain WP from ECSA (2005); Tomato WP from SG2000. 0.73 Tomatoes Water harvesting & drip irrigation 0.68 Multiple animal products & services Rainfed mixed crop-livestock Wheat Barley Teff Commodity 0.18 0.18 0.28 WP (US$/m 3 ) Rainfed grain production System & Scale

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Case 1 Preliminary Comparison of WP in rainfed farming in Ethiopia

Case 2 Cattle corridor, Nakasongola, Uganda (Problem: Low LWP) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],WHAT IS WATER PRODUCTIVITY OF THIS LAND?

Case 2 Cattle corridor, Nakasongola, Uganda (Problem: Low LWP) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Case 2 Cattle corridor, Nakasongola, Uganda (Problem: Low LWP) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Case 3 Household water harvesting (with Sasakawa Global 2000 in Ethiopia) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],Case 3 Household water harvesting – Underground tank Home consumption Give water Zero-grazing & hybrid cow Adding value & markets Benefits > $1500 High LWP

Key Message #1 ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Key Message #2 ,[object Object],[object Object]

Three developing country questions answered ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Livestock and water in developing countries (SSA)

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