CPWF Director Alain Vidal presents to the CPWF Board in Montpellier, March 2010

1. Water, food and development The CGIAR Challenge Program on Water and FoodAlain VIDAL, CPWF Director

2. Re-greening the Uganda “Cattle Corridor” Community corralling of cattle for 2 weeks permits pasture establishment Local organizations invest in up-scaling of pasture regeneration Termites destroy any attempt to reseed degraded pasture

3. Multiple use water systems: empowering the poor with water Local government, NGO, CBO and private support to innovation Individual multiple water-use decisions Support of national water policies and laws (eg India)

7. CPWF contributes to… Food securityat household level Livelihoods of the poor Health: nutrition, reduced pollution, reduced disease Environment:water quality, sustainability of wetlands

8. CPWF Phase 2(2009-2014)Focusing on achievable impacts in 6 river basins

9. Phase 2

10. Focusing the strategy in Phase 2 Focusing on science content found most promising and with development impact within the 15 year CPWF time frame, and contributing to future CGIAR megaprograms All research is interdisciplinary, includes cross-scale analysis and focuses on resilience 1-2 development challenges in specific parts of each basin 1 development challenge = USD 5-6 million into 4-5 projects Expected minimum budget of USD 60 million for one challenge per basin ; aiming for USD 90 million and two challenges

11. Andes – Benefit-sharing mechanisms Due to climate, land use and cover changes, base flows have changed and pollution increased, reducing poor peoples’ access to water Research aims to develop social and economic mechanisms that both help upstream poor farmer communities and increase the quantity and quality of water available for downstream communities, hence reducing water-related conflicts Local adoption and scaling up and out of these Benefit-Sharing Mechanisms will be adapted to cultural, social or political constraints

13. No plans to improve local and downstream benefits Research will optimise reservoir management to minimise downstream negative impact and improve livelihoods for resettled populations, small-scale farmers and fishing communities Communities will increase their fisheries and agricultural potential through the development of multiple use reservoirs. Capacity of dam administrators to negotiation will improve the sequential management of dams so as to maximise dams benefits

14. Nile – Rainwater management in Ethiopia Poor soil moisture control and fertility management, and low quality seeds are major causes of the low performance of rainfed farming in the Ethiopian Highlands Research will develop appropriate, landscape level, rainwater management methods across three agro-ecosystems ranging from rainfed agriculture to livestock farming mixing together The developed systems will address the multiple needs of rural communities, improve water productivity, and generate more resilient livelihoods

15. Volta – Small reservoirs, rainwater and livelihoods Resource-poor farmers rely on rainfed agriculture and livestock for their livelihoods. 1,700 small reservoirs could provide farmers with a dry season water supply, but often fail because institutional and technical mechanisms are absent in the communities. Research will explore the institutional and technical aspects of small-reservoir development and maintenance, embedded within a wider rainwater management system combining crops and livestock Improved design and management of multiple use small reservoirs will increase benefits for communities, combined with better rainfed crops and livestock productivity.

16. Limpopo – Small reservoirs, rainwater and livelihoods Low rainfed agricultural output (40% of agriculture), and policies emphasizing land allocation to the poor, meaningless if they do not have water and institutional support. Promising are small reservoirs providing security against increasing climate variability Research will help design of small reservoirs for multiple uses, and explore and integrate other rainwater harvesting technologies Livelihoods of small-scale farmers improved by development and adoption of a rainwater management system based on small reservoirs for multiple use systems (MUS)

18. Saline intrusion damaging crops and water quality Research aims to develop agriculture and aquaculture farming able to alternate between saline and flood conditions Formal and informal institutions will ensure impact through the introduction of saline-tolerant rice varieties, a broader saline management system that relies on sluice gates and predictive modelling

19. Secondary development challenges Andes (7 small basins) Strategies for Andean communities to adapt to global change Nile (Egypt) Multiple use of agricultural wastewater in the Delta Ganges delta The integrated management of groundwater Mekong The sustainable management of upland agricultural water

20. Thank you Alain Vidal, CPWF Directora.vidal@cgiar.org www.waterandfood.org