This document provides instructions on how to use different past tenses in English, including the past simple, past continuous, past perfect, and past perfect continuous tenses. It defines each tense and provides examples of their use in positive, negative, and interrogative sentences. The past simple tense is used for completed past actions, the past continuous for ongoing past actions, the past perfect for actions completed before a point in the past, and the past perfect continuous for ongoing past actions completed before another past action.

2. How to use:
We use Past Simple Tense with event that happened in the past
and already finished.
 Past Simple Tense always have the word that describe time.
Ex. yesterday, …ago, last… , in…(with year), Etc…
Past Simple Tense
Subject + V.2

3. The structure of Past Simple Tense:
 Positive sentence: S + V.2
Ex. I went to Big C yesterday.
 Negative sentence: S + didn’t + V.inf
Ex. I didn’t go to Big C yesterday.
 Interrogative sentences: Did + S + V.inf?
Ex. Did you go to Big C yesterday?
 Interrogative sentenceswith Wh- : Wh- + did + S + V.inf?
Ex. Where did you go yesterday?
Hot Trip:
V.inf is know as
V.1 &
Wh- use for
What, Where,
when,
Why, Who and
How.
Past Simple Tense

4. Past Continuous Tense
Subject + was/were + V.ing(continuous )
The past continuous describes actions or events in a time before now,
which began in the past and is still going on at the time of speaking.
In other words, it expresses an unfinished or incomplete action in the
past.
Note: with verbs not normally used in the
continuous form, the simple past is used.

5. EXAMPLES
-Si were waiting for the bus when the accident happened.
-When we arrived he was having a bath.
Past Continuous Tense
Subject + was/were + V.ing(continuous )

6. Past Continuous Tense
Positive sentences
• Subject + was/were + V.ing + object
If the subject is “he, she, It, I, singular or proper noun”
then auxiliary verb “was” is used. If subject is “you, we, they or plural”
then auxiliary verb “were” is used.
EXAMPLES
-Benz was crying yesterday.
-They were climbing on a hill.

7. Past Continuous Tense
Negative sentences
• Subject + was/were + NOT + V.ing + object
Rules for using auxiliary verb after subject are same as mentioned
above.
EXAMPLES
-Benz was not crying yesterday.
-They were not climbing on a hill.

8. Past Continuous Tense
Interrogative sentences
• Was/were + Subject + V.ing + object
The interrogative sentence starts with the auxiliary verb. If the
subject is “he, she, It, I, singular or proper noun” then the sentence
starts with auxiliary verb “was”. If subject is “you, we, they or plural”
then the sentence starts with auxiliary verb “were”.
EXAMPLES
-Was Benz crying yesterday?
-Were they climbing on a hill?

9. Past Perfect Tense
How to use:
Described an action completed before a certain
moment in the past.
EXAMPLES: Lucy had told story about prince and princess.
Bambi had seen Thumper last ten years before.
Structure: Subject + Had + Past participle

10. Two events occur not same time in the past
- something started in the past and continued up until another
action in the past.
- used past perfect with something started occur before
- used past simple with something stared occur after
EXAMPLES: Aya felt sad about her mother because her
mother had appeared after she died 3 years ago.
Rinna had had that diamond ring for 60 years
before it lost.
Past Perfect Tense

11. Past perfect used with ‘By the time’
By the time + Past Simple + Past Perfect
EXAMPLES: By the time I went home, I had seen an
accident.
By the time mermaid swam near stone, she
had met Peter Pan.
Note: Past perfect can
used with when
and as soon as

12. Used in conditional sentences
If + had + V.3, + Modal verbs + have + V.3
EXAMPLES: If you had studied hard, you would have
succeeded.
If Maria had practice exercise, you would
have more skilled.

13. Used passive voice in past perfect tense
Subject + had + been + past participle
EXAMPLES: The work had been done.
Sunny had been gone from Japan.
Wendy had been eaten dinner with her family.

14. How to make the sentence:
Affirmative sentence
Structure: Subject + Had + Part participle (V.3)
EXAMPLE: Roma had read a books.
Linda had forgotten her homework before came school.
Negative sentence
Structure: Subject + Had + Not + Part participle (V.3)
EXAMPLE: Judy hadn’t been careful.
Sony hadn’t gone to the mall with his friends.
Interrogative sentences
Structure: Had + Subject + Part participle (V.3)?
Question word + had + Subject + Verb participle (V.3)?
EXAMPLE: Had Donna come to school last Monday?
What had Mona moved something in classroom?

15. How to use:
 We use the Past Perfect Continuous to show that something
started in the past and continued up until another time in the
past.
Ex. They had been talking for over an hour before Teacher
arrived.
 Using Past Perfect Continuous before another action in the
past is a good way to show cause and effect.
Ex. Jason was tired because he had been jogging.
Past Perfect Continuous Tense
Subject + had + been +V.ing(continuous )

16. The structure of Past Simple Tense:
 Positive sentence: S + had + been + V.ing
Ex. She had been going to Korea 2 years ago.
 Negative sentence: S + had + not + been + V.ing
Ex. She hadn’t been going to Korea 2 years ago.
 Interrogative sentence: Had + S + been + V.ing?
Ex. Had She been going to Korea 2 years ago?
 Interrogative sentence with Wh- : Wh- + had + S + been +
V.ing?
Ex. Where had She been going 2 years ago.
Past Perfect Continuous Tense