The document discusses the simple past tense in English. It explains that the past tense of regular verbs is formed by adding "-ed" or "-d" to the base verb form. Irregular past verbs must be memorized. The simple past can be used to talk about completed past actions, past habits, and past states or situations. Examples are provided of forming the simple past of regular and irregular verbs in affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences.

1. The Simple Past Tense Yesterday, I went for a swim. RVA

2. Affirmative : S + V- ed + C The past tense of regular verbs is formed by adding – d or – ed to the base form of the verb. SIMPLE PAST TENSE: REGULAR VERBS I work ed hard last weekend.

3. SIMPLE PAST TENSE: IRREGULAR VERBS Affirmative : Irregular past verb forms must be learned because they don’t follow any rule: go went come came buy bought drink drank eat ate find found see saw I went to Paris last July.

4. PAST SIMPLE TENSE: REGULAR and IRREGULAR VERBS Negative : We use did not or didn’t + a base form verb to make the past simple tense negative. I didn’t live in a flat during my last Summer holidays. I didn’t go to Berlin last July.

5. Interrogative : We use did + subject + a base form verb to make the past simple interrogative. Did you play sport last Summer? Did you travel by boat last holidays? Yes, I did . Did you see any dolphins? No, I didn’t . PAST SIMPLE TENSE: REGULAR and IRREGULAR VERBS

6. No,they didn't. Yes , they did. Did they work? They didn't work. They work ed . Did you work? You didn't work. You work ed . No, we didn't. Yes , we did. Did we work? We didn't work. We work ed . No, it didn't. Yes, it did. Did it work? It didn't work. It work ed . No, she didn't. Yes, she did. Did she work? She didn't work. She work ed . No, he didn't. Yes, he did. Did he work ? He didn't work. He work ed . No, I didn't. Yes, I did. Did I work? I didn't work. I work ed . Short answer Short answer Questions Regular verbs Negative Past simple tense: Affirmative

7. TO BE It is the only verb whose form varies according to person and number: Affirmative : I was You were He / She / It was We / You / They were I was in Madrid yesterday.

8. TO BE Negative : I wasn’t You weren’t He / She / It wasn’t We / You / They weren’t My parents weren’t in Madrid yesterday.

9. TO BE Interrogative : Was I … ? Were you … ? Was he / she / it … ? Were we / you / they … ? Were you in London last year? Yes, I was . Was Peter in London last year? No, he wasn’t .

10. 1.T o talk about actions that happened at a specific time in the past. You state when it happened using a time adver b ( yesterday, last month ): “ Last year I fail ed my exams” . 2. It can be used to describe events that happened over a period of time in the past but not now : "I liv ed in Asia for two years." 3. It is also used to talk about habitual or repeated actions that took place in the past : " When I was a child we always went to the beach on holidays." The Simple Past Tense is used:

11. Time expressions : yesterday, last month, last year, last time, … ago. The Simple Past Tense My friends travell ed to Saudi Arabia two years ago.

12. SPELLING RULES FOR SIMPLE PAST TENSE OF REGULAR VERBS a.) If the verb ends in a consonant, we add – ed . return - return ed , help - help ed , cook - cook ed b.) If the verb ends in – e , we add – d . live - live d , create - create d , die - die d c.) In one-syllable verbs, if the verb ends in a consonant + vowel + consonant, we double the last consonant and we add - ed . hop - hopp ed , rub - rubb ed However, do not double one-syllable verbs ending in – w , - x , or – y . bow - bow ed , play - play ed , mix - mix ed

13. SPELLING RULES FOR SIMPLE PAST TENSE OF REGULAR VERBS d.) In verbs of two or more syllables that end in consonant + vowel + consonant , we double the last consonant only if the last syllable is stressed . prefer - prefer red admit - admit ted But: visit - visit ed (The last syllable isn’t stressed). e.) If the verb ends in a consonant + y , we change the - y to - i and add – ed . worry - worr ied , copy – cop ied. f.) If the verb ends in a vowel + y , add - ed . (Do not change the – y to – i .) play - played, annoy - annoyed Exceptions: pay - paid, lay - laid, say - said

14. USED TO Used to is used to describe past habits, usually in contrast with the present. A time expression is not necessary. I used to get up at six, but now I get up at eight. Used to can also describe past states. I used to own a horse. (I owned a horse once.)

15. USED TO NEGATIVE: I didn’t use to go the beach when I was younger. (No solía ir a la playa cuando era joven) INTERROGATIVE: Did you use to live in Liverpool? (¿Solías vivir en Liverpool?)