Present Perfect tense

1. Present Perfect
Tense

2. Passive Form
Adverb & Time Expression
Future perfect continuous tense
Past perfect continuous tense
Present perfect simple and continuous tense
Table of content

3. Present Perfect
Simple &
Continuous
Tense

4. Present Perfect Simple Tense
The Present Perfect is used to indicate a link between the present and
the past. The time of the action is before now but not specified, and we are
often more interested in the result than in the action itself.
Structure : Subject + have/has + V.3
Negative : Subject + have/has + not + V.3
Question : Have/has + subject + V.3
• It has rained a lot this year
• Have you just finished work?

5. Present Perfect Continuous Tense
The present perfect continuous refers to an unspecified time between 'before now'
and 'now'. The speaker is thinking about something that started but perhaps did not
finish in that period of time. He/she is interested in the process as well as the
result, and this process may still be going on, or may have just finished.
Structure : Subject + have/has + been + V.ing
Negative : Subject + have/has + not+ been + V.ing
Question : Have/has + subject +been + V.ing
• Someone has been eating my chips
• Have you been exercising?

6. Present perfect and Past simple
Used to talk about the situation that have been happened
before it was interrupted.
Use Present perfect with the first situation that happened in the
past and continued before it was interrupted
And Use Past Simple with the interruption.
• My granpa has taken a bath when I had breakfast.
• When the teacher came into the classroom, we have cut the
paper

7. Past Perfect
Simple &
Continuous Tense

8. Past Perfect Simple Tense
Expresses the idea that something occurred before another action in
the past. It can also show that something happened before a specific time in
the past.
Structure : Subject + had + V.3
Negative : Subject + had + not+ V.3
Question : Had + subject + V.3
• I had studied English before I moved to New York.
• Had Susan ever studied Thai before she moved to Thailand?

9. Past Perfect Continuous Tense
something started in the past and continued up until another time
in the past.
Structure : Subject + had + been + V.ing
Negative : Subject + had + not+ been + V.ing
Question : Had + subject + been + V.ing
• You had been going to school.
• Had she been writing the letter to her mom?

10. Future Perfect
Simple &
Continuous Tense

11. Future Perfect Simple Tense
The future perfect simple is used to explain an activity that will be
completed by a certain time in the future.
Structure : S + will + have + V.3
S + is,am,are + going to have + V.3
Negative : S + will + not + have + V.3
S + is,am,are + going to have + V.3
Question : Will + S + have + V.3
Is,Am,Are + S + going to have + V.3
Examples:
• I will have eaten breakfast at 8
o’clock tomorrow.
• Will you have finished your
project tomorrow morning?

12. Future Perfect Continuous Tense
The future perfect continuous tense is used to talk about an action that will
already have started and will still be happening by a certain time in the future.
Structure : S + will + have + been + V.ing
S + is,am,are + going to have been + V.ing
Negative : S + will + not + have + been + V.ing
S + is,am,are + not + going to have been + V.ing
Question : Will + S + have + been + V.ing?
Is,Am,Are + S + going to have been + V.ing?
• She is going to have been
shopping for more than 2
hours.
• Will they have been riding
a bike when a car arrives?

13. Adverb
&
Time
expression

14. EVER & NEVER
• The adverbs ever and never express the idea of an unidentified
time before now
• 'Ever' and 'never' are always placed before the main verb (past
participle).
Adverb

15. EVER
IN QUESTIONS
• Have you ever been to Finland?
Has he ever met the Prime Minister?
IN NEGATIVE QUESTIONS
• Haven't they ever been to Berlin?
Haven't you ever eaten Italian food?

16. EVER
In negative statement using the pattern.
Nothing + ever OR Nobody + ever
• Nobody has ever said that to me before.
• Nothing like this has ever happened to us.
WITH 'THE FIRST TIME'
• It's the first time that I've ever eaten snake.
• This is the first time I've ever been to England.

17. NEVER
Never means at no time before now, and is the same
as not ..... ever:
• I haven't never been to Italy.
I have never been to Italy.
*** BE CAREFUL! You must not use never and not together

18. ALREADY
Already refers to an action that has happened at an unspecified time
before now. It suggests that there is no need for repetition.
 Don't write to James, I've already done it.
Already can be placed before the main verb (past participle) or at the
end of the sentence:
 I have already been to Japan. OR I have been to Japan already.
It is also used in questions:
 Have you already written to Jim?
 Has he finished his homework already?

19. JUST
Just is used to show an action or situation that finished only a
short time before now:
In the present perfect, ‘just’ comes between the auxiliary
verb (‘have’) and the past participle.
• I’ve just seen Susan coming out of the cinema.
• Have you just taken my pen? Where has it gone?

20. YET
Yet is used in negative statements and questions, to
mean (not) in the period of time between before now and now, (not)
up to and including the present. Yet is usually placed at the end of
the sentence.
• Have you met Jane yet?
• We haven't visited your gallery yet.
• Has she arrived yet?
• I haven't eaten yet.

21. STILL
Still is generally used in negative statements. It shows an
action or situation that has lasted longer than expected:
• They still haven't left.
• She still hasn't forgotten what you did.
• You still haven't finished!

22. Times expressions
Using the present perfect, we can define a period of time
before now by considering its duration, with for + a period of
time, or by considering its starting point, with since + a point in time.
FOR can also be used with the simple past.
• She has lived here for 25 years.
SINCE can only be used with perfect tenses.
• I have taught at this school since 2012.

23. Passive Voice

24. Passive Voice
Present Perfect Simple
My bike has been ridden by
me.
A fish has been caught by a
fisherman.
Present Perfect Continuous
S + have/has + been + V.3 Don’t use in passive form

25. Passive Voice
Past Perfect Simple
The letter had been sent by
her.
The rabbit had been killed by
the huntsman.
Past Perfect Continuous
S + had + been + V.3 Don’t use in passive form

26. Passive Voice
Future Perfect Simple
That car will have been driven
by him.
A cure will have been found by
them.
Future Perfect Continuous
S + will + have + been + V.3 Don’t use in passive form

27. EXERCISES!!!
• Fill in the blank.
1. He (not finished) _______________ his homework because he
_______________ (watch) television for the last two hours. []
has not finished
has been watching
2. I haven't spoken to them ______.
I _______ haven’t drunk a water today.
yet
still

28. EXERCISES!!!
3. I have been waiting for you ____ 8 hours. They have been
watching _______ seven o’clock in the morning.
for
since
4. The ball (throw) _______________ by her.has been thrown

29. EXERCISES!!!
5. When Jane came into the office yesterday, her
eyes were red and watery. I think she (cry)
______________
6. My car (wash) ______________________by me
for hour.
Had been crying
will have been washing

30. 7. By this time next month, I hope they (finish)
________________building the community center.
8. Last night, when we (arrive) _______ home, our
parents (already/finish)__________________the dinner.
will have finished
EXERCISES!!!
arrived
had already finished

31. The End