The document discusses the simple past tense in English. It explains how regular verbs are formed by adding "-ed" or "-d" and how irregular verbs have unique past forms that must be memorized. It also covers the formation of negative and interrogative sentences. Examples are provided to illustrate affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences using both regular and irregular verbs. Special cases like the verb "to be" are also addressed.

1. The Simple Past Tense
Yesterday, I went for a swim.
RVA

2. PAST SIMPLE TENSE: REGULAR VERBS
Affirmative:
S + V-ed + C
The past tense of regular verbs is formed by adding –d or
–ed to the base form of the verb. I worked in a shop last
year, I lived in a big house when I was younger.
I worked hard last weekend.

3. Simple Past Tense: Irregular verbs
Affirmative:
Irregular past verb forms must be learned because they
don’t follow any rule:
Go went
Come came
Buy bought
Drink drank
Eat ate
Find found
I went to Paris last July
See saw

4. PAST SIMPLE TENSE: REGULAR and IRREGULAR VERBS
Neg ative:
Use did not or didn’t + a base form verb to
make the past simple tense negative. I didn’t
work last summer.
I didn’t live in a flat during my
last Summer holidays.
I didn’t go to Berlin last July.

5. PAST SIMPLE TENSE: REGULAR and IRREGULAR VERBS
Interrogative:
Use did + subject + a base form verb to make the past
simple interrogative.
Did you play sport last Summer?
Did you travel by boat last
holidays?
Yes, I did.
Did you see any dolphins?
No, I didn’t.

6. Past simple tense:
Affirmative
Regular verbs
Negative Questions Short
answer
Short
answer
I worked. I didn't work. Did I work? Yes, I
did.
No, I
didn't.
He worked. He didn't work. Did he work? Yes, he
did.
No, he
didn't.
She worked. She didn't work. Did she
work?
Yes, she
did.
No, she
didn't.
It worked. It didn't work. Did it work? Yes, it
did.
No, it
didn't.
You worked. You didn't work. Did you
work?
Yes you
did.
No, you
didn't.
We worked. We didn't work. Did we work? Yes we
did.
No, we
didn't.
They worked. They didn't work. Did they
work?
Yes they
did.
No,they
didn't.

7. TO BE
• It is the only verb whose form varies according
to person and number:
Affirmative: I was
You were
He / She / It was
We / You / They were
I was in Madrid yesterday.

8. TO BE
Negative: I wasn’t
You weren’t
He / She / It wasn’t
We / You / They weren’t
My parents weren’t in Madrid yesterday.

9. TO BE
Interrogative: Was I …
Were you …
Was he / she / it …
Were we / you / they …
Were you in London last year? Yes, I was.
Was Peter in London last year? No, he wasn’t.

10. The Simple Past Tense is used
1.To talk about actions that happened at a specific time in
the past. You state when it happened using a time adverb
(yesterday, last month.):
“Last year I failed my exams”.
2. It can be used to describe events that happened over a
period of time in the past but not now:
"I lived in Asia for two years."
3. It is also used to talk about habitual or repeated actions
that took place in the past:
"When I was a child we always went to the beach on holidays."

11. The Simple Past Tense
Time expressions:
yesterday, last month, last year, last time,
… ago.
My friends travelled to Saudi
Arabia two years ago.

12. SPELLING RULES FOR SIMPLE
PAST TENSE OF REGULAR VERBS
a.) If the verb ends in a consonant, add –ed.
return - returned, help - helped, cook - cooked
b.) If the verb ends in –e, add –d.
live - lived, create - created, die - died
c.) In one-syllable verbs, if the verb ends in a consonant +
vowel + consonant, double the
last consonant and add -ed.
hop - hopped, rub - rubbed
• However, do not double one-syllable verbs ending in –w,
-x, or –y.
bow - bowed, play - played, mix - mixed

13. SPELLING RULES FOR SIMPLE
PAST TENSE OF REGULAR VERBS
d.) In verbs of two or more syllables that end in consonant
+ vowel + consonant, double the last
consonant only if the last syllable is stressed.
prefer - preferred admit - admitted
But: visit - visited (The last syllable isn’t stressed).
e.) If the verb ends in a consonant + y, change the -y to -i
and add –ed.
worry - worried, copy – copied.
f.) If the verb ends in a vowel +y, add -ed. (Do not change
the –y to –i.)
play - played, annoy - annoyed
• Exceptions: pay - paid, lay - laid, say – said
g) Verbs ending in a vowel + -l --- travel – travelled (Br. E.)

14. PRONUNCIATION
-ED ENDING: /t/, /d/, /Id/
- liked, laughed, jumped, washed
(unvoiced)
- robbed, loved, planned, played, snowed
(voiced)
- added, visited (verbs ending in /t/ & /d/.

15. USED TO
Used to is used to talk about activities
or situations in the past that do NOT
happen any more.
I used to get up at six, but now I get
up at eight.
I used to play basketball when I
was younger.

16. USED TO
NEGATIVE:
I didn’t use to go the beach when I was
younger.
(No solía ir a la playa cuando era joven)
INTERROGATIVE:
Did you use to live in Liverpool?
(¿Solías vivir en Liverpool?)