The document discusses the simple past tense and past continuous tense in English. It provides rules for forming the regular and irregular past tense of verbs for affirmative, negative and interrogative sentences. Examples are given for using the simple past tense to talk about completed actions at specific times in the past. The past continuous tense is used to describe actions that were ongoing or in progress at a certain time in the past. Time expressions that are used with each tense are also outlined.

1. The Simple Past Tense Yesterday I went for a swim.

2. Affirmative: The past tense of regular verbs is formed by adding – d or – ed to the base form of the verb. I work ed in a shop last year, I live d in a big house when I was younger. PAST SIMPLE TENSE: REGULAR VERBS I work ed hard last weekend

3. ED Formation - We add -ed at the end of the verb: Walk -> walked - If the verb ends in “e”, we only add -d: Live -> lived - When the verb ends in consonant+vowel+consonant we double the last consonant: Stop -> stopped - When the verb ends in consonant+y, we remove the “y” and add -ied: Study -> studied

4. Simple Past Tense : Irregular verbs Affirmative: Irregular past verb forms must be learned because they don’t follow any rule: Go went Come came Buy bought Drink drank Eat ate Find found See saw I went to Paris last July

5. PAST SIMPLE TENSE: REGULAR and IRREGULAR VERBS Negative: Use did not or didn’t + a base form verb to make the past simple tense negative. I didn’t work last summer I didn’t live in a flat during my last Summer holidays. I didn’t go to Berlin last July

6. Interrogative: Use did + subject + a base form verb to make the past simple interrogative. Did you play sport last Summer? Did you travel by boat last holidays? Yes, I did. Did you see any dolphins? No I didn’t. PAST SIMPLE TENSE: REGULAR and IRREGULAR VERBS

7. Past simple tense: Affirmative Regular verbs Negative Questions Short answer Short answer I work ed . I didn't work. Did I work? Yes, I did. No, I didn't. He work ed . He didn't work. Did he work ? Yes, he did. No, he didn't. She work ed . She didn't work. Did she work? Yes, she did. No, she didn't. It work ed . It didn't work. Did it work? Yes, it did. No, it didn't. You work ed . You didn't work. Did you work? Yes you did. No, you didn't. We work ed . We didn't work. Did we work? Yes we did. No, we didn't. They work ed . They didn't work. Did they work? Yes they did. No,they didn't.

8. 1.T o talk about actions that happened at a specific time in the past. You state when it happened using a time adver b (yesterday, last Mont.): “ Last year I took my exams” . 2. It can be used to describe events that happened over a period of time in the past but not now : "I lived in Asia for two years." 3. It is also used to talk about habitual or repeated actions that took place in the past : " When I was a child we always went to the seaside on bank holidays." The Simple Past Tense is used

9. Time expressions: Yesterday, last month, last year, last time, … ago, in ... The Simple Past Tense My friends travelled to Saudi Arabia two years ago

10. Past continuous tense The farmer was working at 6 o’clock yesterday evening

11. Past continuous tense AFFIRMATIVE: Play was He She It were You We They play ing was I

12. Past continuous tense Was the teacher explaining grammar at school last Monday? No, she wasn’t. She was explaining Geography.

13. Past continuous tense INTERROGATIVE: Play NEGATIVE: Play was were was he she it you we they play ing ? I He She It You We They I was not wasn’t were not weren’t play ing Was not Wasn’t

14. Uses of the past continuous 1-W e use the past continuous tense to describe a past action over a period of time " What were they doing yesterday at 8 0’clock ?" "They were working all day.

15. This time yesterday the hairdresser was working 2- We use the past continuous to say that somebody was in the middle of doing something at a certain time.

16. 3- Past simple and past continuous are used together when something happened in the middle of something else The policeman broke his ankle while he was running after the dog

17. Past continuous (in the middle of an action)  I was walking home when I met Dave. (in the middle of walking home)  Ann was watching televis i on when the phone rang. Past simple (complete action)  I walked home after the party last night.  Ann watched televison a lot when she was ill last year Compare the past continuous (I was doing) and past simple (I did):

18. Past continuous tense Time expressions: While, as, when. While the band was playing a mobile phone rang