This document discusses the uses of the present simple tense in English. It is used to describe habits, routines, general truths, and states. Stative verbs like "think" and "feel" are also used in the present simple. The present continuous tense describes actions happening at the moment of speaking, temporary actions, and planned future actions. The past simple tense describes completed past actions, while the present perfect tense describes actions that began in the past and continue to the present or have relevance to the present. The future forms "be going to" and "will" are also discussed.

1. PRESENT SIMPLE
HABITS/ ROUTINES: I go to school by bus.
GENERAL TRUTHS: I live in Granada.
STATIVE VERBS: verbs of thinking (think,
understand, remember, know …); emotions &
feelings (like, hate …); senses (feel, hear, see,
etc.); cost & measures (cost, weigh, measute…):
possession (belong, own, possess, etc.).
NOTE: Sara thinks that film is boring (State-Present
Simple).
Sara is thinking of selling her house (Activity-P.
Continuous).

2.  ACTIONS HAPPENING AT THE TIME OF
SPEAKING: I’m talking to you now.
 TEMPORARY ACTIONS: I’m studying Art
this year.
 Planned future: I’m meeting John this
evening.

3.  COMPLETED ACTIONS IN THE PAST: We
visited the museum yesterday.
 A SERIES OF COMPLETED ACTIONS IN
THE PAST: When we opened the door, the
dog barked at the milkman.

4.  INCOMPLETE ACTION IN PROGRESS AT A
SPECIFIC TIME IN THE PAST: At 10 o’clock last
night, I was watching TV.
 INCOMPLETE ACTION IN THE PAST
INTERRUPTED BY ANOTHER: I was having a
shower when the telephone rang.
 TWO INCOMPLETE ACTIONS IN PROGRESS AT
THE SAME TIME IN THE PAST: I was having
lunch while he was studying.

5.  GENERAL PREDICTIONS: Peter won’t be
at the party this evening.
 SPONTANEOUS DECISION MADE AT
THE TIME OF SPEAKING: I’ll have a
lemonade, please.
 OFFERS: I’ll carry your suitcase for you.

6.  PLANNED ACTION FOR THE FUTURE: I’m
going to buy a new car next month.
 PREDICTIONS BASED ON EVIDENCE,
THAT IS, ACTIONS THAT ARE ABOUT TO
HAPPEN: Look at those dark clouds. It’s
going to rain soon.
 NOTE: GOING TO = INTENTION,
PLANNED ACTION, INMEDIATE.

7.  ACTION IN PROGRESS AT A CERTAIN
TIME IN THE FUTURE (NOT FINISHED): At
this time next Friday, I’ll be flying to
London.

8.  A COMPLETED ACTION AT A CERTAIN
FUTURE TIME (AN ACTION WILL BE
FINISHED IN A SPECIFIC TIME OF THE
FUTURE): By the end of the week, I’ll have
finished my project.

9.  ACTIONS THAT BEGAN IN THE PAST
AND SOMEHOW THEY HAVE A
CONECTION WITH PRESENT TIME AND
WILL CONTINUE UNTIL THE FUTURE:
I haven’t seen John for a week.
I haven’t seen John since 2010.
I haven’t seen John yet.

10.  AN ACTION THAT STARTED IN THE PAST
AND WHICH STILL CONTINUES IN THE
PRESENT: Dave has been going to the
gym for a year (llevar+gerundio).
 AN ACTION ALREADY FINISHED WHOSE
RESULTS ARE STILL APPARENT: I’m tired.
I have been studying all night.

11.  A COMPLETED ACTION WHICH TOOK
PLACE BEFORE ANOTHER ACTION IN
THE PAST: By the time we arrived at the
station, the train had already left.

12.  AN ACTION WHICH CONTINUED UP TO
ANOTHER PAST ACTION: We had been
travelling for a few hours when it started
snowing. (llevar + gerundio)