Few Facts – Mumbai and Paris
Concentric evolution of Paris over ages
Monumental architecture driven by rulers
Civil Architecture & City Planning - The Haussmann revolution and legacy.
Paris developed through concentric circles-Across the Seine river – closed by octroi and protective walls .
Paris Haussmann - Back to the Future? - Pierre BernardPierre Bernard
The city of Paris is fascinating. Artists, tourists, entrepreneurs, all find an exceptional source of inspiration here. The City of Light owes much to the grandiloquent dream of a visionary: Haussmann.
How did this 19th century fiction become the reality of the 21st century? The myth of Paris is the one of Haussmann who, 150 years ago, laid the foundations of a dream city and established an urban model that is still relevant today.
Let's put Baron Haussmann's transformation strategy into perspective with the rules of the new economy.
Contact me to discuss it.
To go further: https://bit.ly/3oJTPA7
This presentation is all about the Urban Structure of Paris where it is discussed about how the city is planned and developed from the scratch.
Do give your feedback and also an appreciation if liked this presentation.
Paris Haussmann - Back to the Future? - Pierre BernardPierre Bernard
The city of Paris is fascinating. Artists, tourists, entrepreneurs, all find an exceptional source of inspiration here. The City of Light owes much to the grandiloquent dream of a visionary: Haussmann.
How did this 19th century fiction become the reality of the 21st century? The myth of Paris is the one of Haussmann who, 150 years ago, laid the foundations of a dream city and established an urban model that is still relevant today.
Let's put Baron Haussmann's transformation strategy into perspective with the rules of the new economy.
Contact me to discuss it.
To go further: https://bit.ly/3oJTPA7
This presentation is all about the Urban Structure of Paris where it is discussed about how the city is planned and developed from the scratch.
Do give your feedback and also an appreciation if liked this presentation.
JAIPUR CITY URBAN DESIGN, ANALYSIS.
REPORT BASED ON THE PAPER:-
Space Formation of Jaipur City, Rajastan, India An
Analysis on City Maps (1925-28) made by Survey of
India
Shuji Funo, Naohiko Yamamoto & Mohan Pant
Aldo Rossi and The Architecture of the Cityhollan12
My presentation for ARC434 with Kevin Weiss. I will look at the theories in "The Architecture of the City" and how these ideas are reflected in Rossi's built work. Enjoy!
Street Design Workshop
Council of Architecture Training & Research centre, Pune
29.06.18
Case: Fergusson College Road, Pune
(FC college junction to Lalit mahal chowk)
Team: Sandeep Paul, Maitri Shah, Taha Padrawala ,Praveen Suthar
Mentors: Darpana Athale, Rahul Kadam, Jayshree Deshpande, Prasanna Desai, Rajiv Raje and Khushru Irani
He was an architect, designer, urbanist, writer, and one of the pioneers of what is now called modern architecture.
He was a pioneer in studies of modern high design and was dedicated to providing better living conditions for the residents of crowded cities
The presentation covers general details about architect , Villa Sovoye, Centre Le Corbusier and few other works
JAIPUR CITY URBAN DESIGN, ANALYSIS.
REPORT BASED ON THE PAPER:-
Space Formation of Jaipur City, Rajastan, India An
Analysis on City Maps (1925-28) made by Survey of
India
Shuji Funo, Naohiko Yamamoto & Mohan Pant
Aldo Rossi and The Architecture of the Cityhollan12
My presentation for ARC434 with Kevin Weiss. I will look at the theories in "The Architecture of the City" and how these ideas are reflected in Rossi's built work. Enjoy!
Street Design Workshop
Council of Architecture Training & Research centre, Pune
29.06.18
Case: Fergusson College Road, Pune
(FC college junction to Lalit mahal chowk)
Team: Sandeep Paul, Maitri Shah, Taha Padrawala ,Praveen Suthar
Mentors: Darpana Athale, Rahul Kadam, Jayshree Deshpande, Prasanna Desai, Rajiv Raje and Khushru Irani
He was an architect, designer, urbanist, writer, and one of the pioneers of what is now called modern architecture.
He was a pioneer in studies of modern high design and was dedicated to providing better living conditions for the residents of crowded cities
The presentation covers general details about architect , Villa Sovoye, Centre Le Corbusier and few other works
Inspired by Nisha Sondhe's One Life Photos 2011, here's a comparison of daily life in Mumbai & New York.
Photo courtesy: http://nishasondhe.see.me/onelife2011/grid
Every one in the world wants to live in a compact environment. like in olden days the peoples they were used telephone, telegram, etc. for communication. but in the current scenario every one have smart phones for better communication. Because smartphones are compact and convenient to them.This presentation about Compact City planning and also it dealt how various compact cities in the developed and developing countries manage themselves. This presentation just gives an outline of the compact city planning.
Prof Ni-Bin Chang presented the background review of New York City case study.
Flood impact assessment in mega cities under urban sprawl and climate change kick-off workshop
THE PARC DE LA VILLETTE, The Parc de la Villette is the third-largest park in Paris, 55.5 hectares in area, located at the northeastern edge of the city in the 19th arrondissement.
The Musée Du Louvre memorial is situated in an imposing palace whose origins day back again to the Heart Ages. The initial palace was created in the late 12th century by Philippe II Auguste, King of France. As a defensive fortress close to the Seine river. With the expansion of the city, the fortress progressively missed its original function.
For more details please visit our website
https://litefrance.com/
A beautifully landscaped resort at Sentosa near the sea shore with all balconies facing towards the sea,a beautifully landscaped swimming pool and tropical gardens.
Nasik city with its rich cultural and historical background has experienced numerous transformations through the several dynasties that reined the city.
Each one of these dynasties and rulers has left an unmistakable imprint on the art, architecture and culture of the place. The transition of the place from a kingdom of Satwahanas to an Industrial town is fascinating
Its rich Architectural heritage includes the preserved caves from Satvahana and various other dynasties; the Hemadpanthi style temples, the famous Wadas from Maratha and Peshwa rulers and last but not least, the magnificent forts protecting the boundaries of the city from enemies.
Even the succeeding periods of British rule and Post Independence era has observed remarkable structures coming up.
This History along with geographical location and geology of the place demonstrates a profound influence on the growth of the townscape.
With Sahyadris in vicinity many forts have been erected during the different empires with their distinctive modes of construction.
River Godavari plays a major role in its development as a religious center; the town has observed the emergence of some beautiful temples with Ghats along its banks.
The rich Architectural style of the structures has been changing as per the eras pertaining to their social, religious and cultural beliefs.
Various rituals and religious philosophies have been evolved due to the development of the society towards the religion, which reveal a grave influence on designs of the structures.
The Post Independence era has perceived a gradual transformation of this dreamlike town into a hybrid-cultured entity.
This paper overviews the time duration of the changed vocabulary of Aesthetics while recording the transformation of an inherently beautiful space into a comparatively characterless townscape.
From sketch to reality“Design is an Expression of Feeling........Any Creative Act is Design”. (Emerson-1953).
A Creative act or Creativity is process when an original or a new theory, a postulate or a hypothesis, results in the permutation or combination of both are brought together to offer generative alternatives. This is the initiation of a Design process in a fresh and sensitive mind
Design process is a thinking process and the process adopted must generate creative thinking. Creative thinking involves visualization which is the skill and ability to convert vision into visuals. The element of creativity can be nurtured if creative stimulus is introduced and the technique of problem solving is explained.
Natioanal Institute of Fashion Design.
The idea is to create a relationship between the built & the unbuilt spaces.
There are evidences of blend of traditional and contemporary architecture.
Aesthetics are cared for, sometimes at the stake of comfort if not function.
The site is well-segregated into various zones w.r.t the functions.
Circulation spaces are minimised to obtain efficiency in design.
ECO SCHOOL DESIGN
Studies show that sustainable learning environments can be a big advantage for students, improving their well-being, happiness and even their cognitive processes. But how can parents ensure that their children’s classrooms are as green as they can be.
Themes do emerge: good daylight and indoor air quality predominate; a link between indoors and out is strongly asserted; and the use of benign materials is paramount. But this is no more than what good school design has always aimed for.
Sustainable School Architecture is a guide to the planning, architecture, and design of schools that are healthy, stimulating, and will conserve energy and resources.
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
1.Building Materials
2. Energy Use.
3.Landscapes
��
A Presentation by Ar Pramod Chaugule on -Affordable Housing
Due to increasing rates of land and building materials
It becomes necessary to adopt the use of
alternative building materials and
construction technologies to reduce the cost
of the building and to save scarce resources.
This may be done by up gradation of
local technologies , using local resources or
by application of modern materials and techniques.
ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES SUCH AS PRECAST MEMBERS , LIGHT WEIGHT CONCRETE SUCH AS SIPOREX, RMC REDUCE
CONSTRUCTION TIME AND THUS THE COST by 10 to 12 %
"Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
SUSTAINABLE: Ecological and economical way of living to make human kind healthy and happy
�ARCHITECTURE :The art and science of making buildings.
Includes technology as well as aesthetics
�
Innovating Humane Habitats in a Digital Era for a Sustainable Future.Digital Technology in Architectural Education and Profession .The significance of virtual Architecture is its emergence with the ability of computer-imaging technology to accurately simulate three-dimensional reality. The technique of simulating three-dimensional reality is known as virtual reality.
Parametric design:
Enables the exploration of alternative designs within a single representation using parameters and associative relationships to control geometric and constructive aspects of the design.
New developments in computational design as well as in digital fabrication are currently leading to a rethinking of architectural design, material science, engineering and fabrication.
STONE -As A Building Material.
Stones have been considered as one of the popular building material from the olden days due to their availability in abundance from the natural rocks. Building stones should possess enough strength and durability.
The stones which are suitable for the construction of the structures such as retaining walls, abutments, dams, barrages, roads etc are known as building stones.
A small open-fronted hut or cubicle from which newspapers, refreshments, tickets, etc. are sold.
A kiosk is a small physical structure that displays information for people walking by.
In general, ecotourism is an insightful, mindful and participatory travel experience to natural and cultural and social environments, assisting the well-being of the local cultures and environments for future generations.
To simplify the term, Ecotourism can be defined in terms of
-environment and
-culture
-orientated travel.
The overall layout of the ecolodge and associated development must reflect the dual purpose of creating an ambient and attractive environment for the visitor as well as protecting the natural features of the site.
To achieve this standard the proponent must demonstrate that some of the following conditions have been created:
Visitor experience and ambience.
Views within the site and to the surrounding landscape have been maximized Adequate shade is provided by the use of vegetation and facility orientation Local winds are funneled for natural ventilation
Individual accommodation units have adequate privacy
Movement around the site and connecting of the various facilities is efficient Environmental Protection.
All special features on the site are protected.
Only essential facilities are constructed adjacent to the beach and other focal points on the site.
The overall footprint of the constructed buildings are kept to a minimum
The term “Vernacular architecture” in general refers to the informal building of structures through traditional building methods without using the services of a professional architect. It is the most widespread form of building .
Vernacular architecture has been growing over time with continuities changes, transformations and adaptations to the different social and economic conditions of each period.
The green areas facilitate in encouraging human interaction while promoting community involvement and ownership. Local Green Spaces contribute to local identity, character of the area and sense of the place. They make an important contribution to the physical form and layout of the settlement. They may link up with other open spaces and allow views through or beyond the settlement, which are valued locally. The green areas must be aesthetically pleasing, tranquil and possess recreational value for the local communityUse of native, drought-tolerant plantings will create habitat for birds and insects, reduce water use, and aid adaptation to changing climate conditions. Planting of shady trees will reduce the urban heat island effect, creating more livable outdoor spaces. Edible landscaping is a responsible and worthwhile use of landscape space, even in the front yard. Water retention and filtering will help protect water quality.
The soft landscaping in forms of trees, lawns, hedges, flower gardens can be around public areas such as monuments, industrial areas, commercial areas, along the drains and roads.
Community Participation should be indispensible element in human settlements,especially in planning strategies and in formulation, implementation and management. It should influence all levels of Government in the decision making process to further the political, social and economic growth of Human settlements. This relates especially to low income and Cost Effective Housing projects denoting squatter settlement upgrading with site and service schemes.
In squatter settlement upgrading projects, the authorities regularize the illegal land tenure of squatters and provide basic infrastructure in the settlements. These interventions are expected to be sufficient incentives for the residents to start improving their houses. In sites-and-services schemes, the authorities provide serviced plots to the urban poor and expect them to produce their own houses, through individual or mutual self-help or the employment of small contractors. Participation assumes an activity in which the community takes part and the involvement of at least one other party, usually a government agency or a nongovernmental organization (NGO). Community participation is sometimes used to indicate community self reliance or self-help, i.e. an activity which is usually undertaken by a government agency, is undertaken by the community on its own (e.g. spontaneous housing).
The United Nations defined community development as "the processes by which the efforts of the people themselves are united with those of governmental authorities to improve the economic, social and cultural conditions of communities, to integrate these communities into the life of the nation and to enable them to contribute fully to national progress."
Baker studied architecture in Birmingham and graduated in 1937, aged 20, in a period of political unrest for Europe.During the Second World War, he served in the Friends Ambulance Unit in China and Burma.He worked as an architect for an international and interdenominational Mission dedicated to the care of those suffering from leprosy. He focused on converting or replacing asylums once used to house the ostracized sufferers of the disease - "lepers".He Used indigenous architecture and methods of these places as means to deal with his once daunting problems.
Baker's designs invariably have traditional Indian sloping roofs and terracotta Mangalore tile shingling with gables and vents allowing rising hot air to escape curved walls to enclose more volume at lower material cost than straight walls.Designing and building low cost, high quality, beautiful homes
Suited to or built for lower-middle to lower class clients.
Irregular, pyramid-like structures on roofs, with one side left open and tilting into the wind.Brick jali walls, a perforated brick screen which utilises natural air movement to cool the home's interior and create intricate patterns of light and shadow.
Auroville, City of dawn is located in state of Tamil Nadu, India, near Pondicherry in South India. .Auroville was founded as a project on experimental basis of the ‘Sri Arbindo Society’ on Wednesday 28 February 1968. The basic idea originated from Mirra Alfassa ‘The Mother ‘who was spiritually related to India.
Ma envisaged Auroville as an international township for 50,000 residents on the shape of a flower. Architect Roger Anger refined the planning and designed it in shape of Universe.He placed Matrimandir at the center of this city.
Mary Alfassa in her first message regarding the town stated that, "Auroville is meant to be a universal town where men and women of al countries are able to live in peace and progressive harmony, above all creeds, all politics and all nationalities”
.
Maya Ubud Resort & Spa sits between the Petanu River valley and the verdant rice fields of Peliatan. With 108 luxury guestrooms and private pool villas, it is around a one hour drive from Bali’s international airport.
Dining alternatives encompass international and regional dishes, plus healthy spa-style cuisine and dinner with cultural performances.
The Spa At Maya is nestled along the river and has private double and single treatment pavilions, offering revitalizing treatments that refresh body and soul.
Recreation facilities include two swimming pools, tennis court, golf putting green, yoga pavilion and gym, village trekking, nature excursions and mountain biking. A shuttle bus links Ubud township.
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Read| The latest issue of The Challenger is here! We are thrilled to announce that our school paper has qualified for the NATIONAL SCHOOLS PRESS CONFERENCE (NSPC) 2024. Thank you for your unwavering support and trust. Dive into the stories that made us stand out!
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
Instructions for Submissions thorugh G- Classroom.pptxJheel Barad
This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
Paris - the international city -Architecture and Planning
1. Paris – The international City
Presentation at Thakur School of Architecture and Planning
Matthieu Tixeront
28th August 2015
2. Agenda
P. 2
1. Few Facts – Mumbai and Paris
2. Concentric evolution of Paris over ages
3. Monumental architecture driven by rulers
4. Civil Architecture & City Planning - The Haussmann
revolution and legacy
1.0
3. Along a river versus an archipelago
Source: Spot Satellite Pictures
Paris – river
banks
Mumbai - Archipelago
1.0
4. Paris and Mumbai
Both are very dense areas and are major economic centers
Size
ParisMumbai
603 sqkm (core)
4355 sqkm (Metro)
105 sqkm (core)
2844 sqkm (Metro)
Population
1.25 Cr (core)
1.84 Cr (metro)
0.23 Cr (core)
1.05 Cr (Metro)
Density 21 000 / sqkm 21 000 / sqkm
Economy
Service Focus
7% of India GDP
Service Focus
5% of Europe GDP
Source: India and French Statistics Agencies
1.0
5. Agenda
P. 5
1. Few Facts – Mumbai and Paris
2. Concentric evolution of Paris over ages
3. Monumental architecture driven by rulers
4. Civil Architecture & City Planning - The Haussmann
revolution and legacy
2.0
6. Paris developed through concentric circles-
Across the Seine river – closed by octroi and protective walls
2.0
7. 1233 – Charles Auguste Walls 2.0
The wall of Philippe Auguste,
created at the beginning of the
13th century enclosed 253
hectares with houses, but also
fields planted with vegetables
and vines allowing people to
resist a possible military siege.
8. Paris around 1600 (wall of Charles V) 2.0
The wall of Charles V, built
from 1356 to 1383 is one of
the city walls of Paris. It was
built on the right bank of the
river Seine, outside the wall
of Philippe Auguste and
replaced it.
9. Paris around 1700 – wall of Louis XIII 2.0
In the 1640s, the western part of the wall of Charles V was
demolished and replaced by the larger Louis XIII wall
10. Paris last walls in 1913:
The Thiers walls – destroyed in 30’s
2.0
11. Agenda
P. 11
1. Few Facts – Mumbai and Paris
2. Concentric evolution of Paris over ages
3. Monumental architecture driven by rulers
4. Civil Architecture & City Planning - The Haussmann
revolution and legacy
3.0
12. Paris the International City
The architecture of Paris created during the Belle Époque, between
1871 and the beginning of the First World War in 1914, was notable
for its variety of different styles, from neo-Byzantine and neo-
Gothic to classicism, Art Nouveau, and art deco.
It was also known for its lavish decoration and its imaginative use
of both new and traditional materials, including iron, plate glass,
colored tile and reinforced concrete.
Notable buildings and structures of the period include the Eiffel
Tower, the Grand Palais, the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées, the
Gare de Lyon, the Bon Marché department store, and the entries of
the stations of the Paris Metro designed by Hector Guimard.
13. Most of Paris key landmarks,
were personally designed by France rulers
Notre-Dame
(XII century) –
Maurice de Sully
Notre-Dame de Paris
French for ("Our Lady of
Paris"), also known as Notre-
Dame Cathedral or simply
Notre-Dame, is a historic
Catholic cathedral. The
cathedral is widely considered
to be one of the finest
examples of French Gothic
architecture
3.0
14. 1610 – Henri IV –
Pont-Neuf (“new bridge”) & Place Royale
3.0
The Pont Neuf, (New Bridge) is the oldest standing bridge across the river Seine in
Paris, France. Its name, which was given to distinguish it from older bridges that were
lined on both sides .
Originally known as the Place Royale, the Place des Vosges was built by Henri IV
from 1605 to 1612. A true square (140 m × 140 m), it embodied the first European
program of royal city planning.
15. An example of “hotel particulier” –
The house of Cardinal Richelieu (17th century)
3.0
In French contexts, an ‘hôtel particulier’ is a townhouse of a grand sort. Built by
Prime Minister Cardinal Richelieu in 1631 for Minister of Finance during the reign of
King Louis XIII.
16. Palais Royal nowadays 3.0
Originally called the ‘Palais-Cardinal’, the
palace was the personal residence of
Cardinal Richelieu.
The architect Jacques Lemercier began
his design in 1629; construction
commenced in 1633 and was completed in
1639.
17. Louis XIV (17th century) –
Place Vendome 3.0
Place Vendôme was laid out in 1702 as
a monument to the glory of the armies of
Louis XIV, the Grand Monarque and
called Place des Conquêtes, to be
renamed Place Louis le Grand, when the
conquests proved temporary.
18. Louirs XIV –
Hotel des Invalides
3.0
Louis XIV initiated the project by an order dated 24 November 1670, as a home and
hospital for aged and unwell soldiers.
19. Napoleon –
The triumph Arc and “Star” place
3.0
The Arc is located on the right bank of the Seine at the center of a dodecagonal
configuration of twelve radiating avenues. It was commissioned in 1806 after the
victory at Austerlitz by Emperor Napoleon at the peak of his fortunes.
20. The Paris Beaux Arts school
(18th- 19th century)
3.0
An École des Beaux-Arts, (School of Fine Arts) is one of a number of
influential art schools in France. The school has a history spanning more
than 350 years, training many of the great artists in Europe.
24. Pompidou – contemporary art 3.0
Designed by the
collaboration of
Richard Rogers
and Renzo Piano.
25. Pompidou – contemporary art 3.0
Designed by the collaboration of Richard Rogers and Renzo Piano.
26. Mitterand –
The louvre pyramid (new museum entrance)
Commissioned by the President of France François Mitterrand in 1984, it was
designed by the architect I. M. Pei, who is responsible for the design of the Miho
Museum in Japan, the MasterCard Corporate Office Building in Purchase, New York.
The pyramid and the underground lobby beneath it were created because of a series
of problems with the Louvre's original main entrance, which could no longer handle
the enormous number of visitors on an everyday basis.
3.0
27. Chirac – Quai Branly
The Musée du
quai Branly in
Paris, France,
features the
indigenous art
and cultures of
Africa, Asia,
Oceania, and
the Americas.
The museum
collection has
450,000
objects, of
which 3,500 are
on display at
any given time,
in both
permanent and
temporary
thematic
exhibits.
3.0
28. Agenda
P. 28
1. Few Facts – Mumbai and Paris
2. Concentric evolution of Paris over ages
3. Monumental architecture driven by rulers
4. Civil Architecture & City Planning - The Haussmann
revolution and legacy
4.0
29. In mid-19th century,
Paris had major urbanisation issues and required major change
Social reformer Victor
Considerant in 1845”
“Paris is an immense workshop
of putrefaction, where misery,
pestilence and sickness work in
concert, where sunlight and air
rarely penetrate. Paris is a
terrible place where plants
shrivel and perish, and where,
of seven small infants, four die
during the course of the year”
4.0
32. No decent waste/sewage system,
leading to massive epidemics such as cholera outbreaks
4.0
33. Napoleon III
Selects Haussman to “aerate, unify and embellish Paris”
Emperor Napoleon III selects Haussmann in 1853 as
prefect of Paris, impressed by his energy, audacity and
ability to overcome or get around problems
Mandate given : aérer, unifier, et embellir Paris:
To give it air and open space, to connect and unify the
different parts of the city into one whole, and to make it
more beautiful.
4.0
34. The rue de Rivoli,
was the first one in the program
1. Unity
2. Homogeneity
3. Wide roads (22-24 meters)
4. Tree lining
5. No exception to rules!
4.0
36. To make all the new roads,
“strong” methods were employed!
In 1851, new land bill to make expropriation easier
Haussman reporting only to emperor, not parliament
Bankers roped in to finance constructions in exchange of
real estate rights
First road built with 3000 labourers with work 24 hours a
day for 4 years to make the rue de rivoli
4.0
37. A major program
To open large “boulevards” and parks was set up with
Haussman as head – 29 000kms of new roads
4.0
38. Even the heart of Paris, was “cut” through…
with new roads and public place
Paris the International City
4.0
44. Plan also multiplied the park space:
To “aerate” the city
Paris the International City
4.0
45. To build such new roads:
Massive expropriation took place
Paris the International City
4.0
46. To build such new roads:
Massive expropriation took place
Paris the International City
4.0
47. Paris turned into a giant construction site –
example to build Opera new avenue
Paris the International City
4.0
48. Public acceptance went down:
Haussmann was fired in 1870
Expropriate owners growing protest and escalating
Climbing costs whereas France was close to war
Tiredness of Parisians to see Paris as a major
“construction site”
"In the eyes of the Parisians, who like routine in things
but are changeable when it comes to people, I
committed two great wrongs: Over the course of
seventeen years, I disturbed their daily habits by turning
Paris upside down, and they had to look at the same
face of the Prefect in the Hotel de Ville. These were two
unforgivable complaints."[Haussman in his Memoirs]
4.0
49. Paris modernisation Legacy
Paris the International City
Haussman rigidity was questioned in 1970’s by
functional architects (typically le Corbusier) who wanted
more variety / new functionalities, but that quickly faded
out
Important place dedicated to transportation (then
horses, now cars) is challenged: Paris is now
restricting more and more car usage
Overall Parisians nowadays do not challenge any
more the Haussmann heritage
4.0