Baker studied architecture in Birmingham and graduated in 1937, aged 20, in a period of political unrest for Europe.During the Second World War, he served in the Friends Ambulance Unit in China and Burma.He worked as an architect for an international and interdenominational Mission dedicated to the care of those suffering from leprosy. He focused on converting or replacing asylums once used to house the ostracized sufferers of the disease - "lepers".He Used indigenous architecture and methods of these places as means to deal with his once daunting problems.
Baker's designs invariably have traditional Indian sloping roofs and terracotta Mangalore tile shingling with gables and vents allowing rising hot air to escape curved walls to enclose more volume at lower material cost than straight walls.Designing and building low cost, high quality, beautiful homes
Suited to or built for lower-middle to lower class clients.
Irregular, pyramid-like structures on roofs, with one side left open and tilting into the wind.Brick jali walls, a perforated brick screen which utilises natural air movement to cool the home's interior and create intricate patterns of light and shadow.
Auroville, City of dawn is located in state of Tamil Nadu, India, near Pondicherry in South India. .Auroville was founded as a project on experimental basis of the ‘Sri Arbindo Society’ on Wednesday 28 February 1968. The basic idea originated from Mirra Alfassa ‘The Mother ‘who was spiritually related to India.
Ma envisaged Auroville as an international township for 50,000 residents on the shape of a flower. Architect Roger Anger refined the planning and designed it in shape of Universe.He placed Matrimandir at the center of this city.
Mary Alfassa in her first message regarding the town stated that, "Auroville is meant to be a universal town where men and women of al countries are able to live in peace and progressive harmony, above all creeds, all politics and all nationalities”
.
Auroville, City of dawn is located in state of Tamil Nadu, India, near Pondicherry in South India. .Auroville was founded as a project on experimental basis of the ‘Sri Arbindo Society’ on Wednesday 28 February 1968. The basic idea originated from Mirra Alfassa ‘The Mother ‘who was spiritually related to India.
Ma envisaged Auroville as an international township for 50,000 residents on the shape of a flower. Architect Roger Anger refined the planning and designed it in shape of Universe.He placed Matrimandir at the center of this city.
Mary Alfassa in her first message regarding the town stated that, "Auroville is meant to be a universal town where men and women of al countries are able to live in peace and progressive harmony, above all creeds, all politics and all nationalities”
.
hello! find the details about composite climate and aurabindo ashramam here. If u want best architecture and interior services, click on https://jakkan.com/ and contact them. They give best services.
It is a term used to categorise methods of
construction which use locally available
resources and traditions to address local
needs.
Vernacular architecture tends to evolve over
time to reflect the environmental, cultural
and historical context in which it exists.
It has often been dismissed as crude and
unrefined, but also has proponents who
highlight its importance in current design.
study of famous housing projects by architect Charles Correa.
1. BELAPUR Housing
2. Kanchanjunga Apartments
3. Tarapur housing
Authors- Richa, Parveen n Aarti
The Kanchanjunga Apartments, designed by Charles Correa, are a direct response to the present culture, the escalating urbanization, and the climatic conditions for the region. They pay homage to the vernacular architecture that once stood on the site before the development in a number of ways. More on Kanchanjunga Apartments after the break.
This modular housing based in Belapur, New Mumbai, is designed by Ar. Charles Correa. This project, which was constructed in the 1980s, stands as a perfect example of affordable and high density housing, which is the need of the hour.
architectural case study
Asian games village designed by ar. raj rewal
B.Arch 4th-year sem 7
detailed zoning
analysis and survey
concept execution
referral links
https://www.scribd.com/document/415212492/Asian-Games-Village-Final
https://portfolio.cept.ac.in/fp/from-utopias-to-heterotopias-migrant-housing-values-of-time-density-culture-and-energy-ur2005-monsoon-2019/building-blocks-of-migrant-housing-monsoon-2019-ug180076
https://www.slideshare.net/WaseemNoor3/raj-rewal-asian-games-village
https://www.archdaily.com/903782/asian-games-village-residence-iii-viueller-architects
https://rajrewal.in/portfolio/asian-games-village-1980-1982/
https://qdoc.tips/asiad-villagegrp-6-pdf-free.html
https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/media.archnet.org/system/publications/contents/2850/original/DPT0402.pdf?1384768113
https://prezi.com/zj7br3xisvu8/asiad-village/
hello! find the details about composite climate and aurabindo ashramam here. If u want best architecture and interior services, click on https://jakkan.com/ and contact them. They give best services.
It is a term used to categorise methods of
construction which use locally available
resources and traditions to address local
needs.
Vernacular architecture tends to evolve over
time to reflect the environmental, cultural
and historical context in which it exists.
It has often been dismissed as crude and
unrefined, but also has proponents who
highlight its importance in current design.
study of famous housing projects by architect Charles Correa.
1. BELAPUR Housing
2. Kanchanjunga Apartments
3. Tarapur housing
Authors- Richa, Parveen n Aarti
The Kanchanjunga Apartments, designed by Charles Correa, are a direct response to the present culture, the escalating urbanization, and the climatic conditions for the region. They pay homage to the vernacular architecture that once stood on the site before the development in a number of ways. More on Kanchanjunga Apartments after the break.
This modular housing based in Belapur, New Mumbai, is designed by Ar. Charles Correa. This project, which was constructed in the 1980s, stands as a perfect example of affordable and high density housing, which is the need of the hour.
architectural case study
Asian games village designed by ar. raj rewal
B.Arch 4th-year sem 7
detailed zoning
analysis and survey
concept execution
referral links
https://www.scribd.com/document/415212492/Asian-Games-Village-Final
https://portfolio.cept.ac.in/fp/from-utopias-to-heterotopias-migrant-housing-values-of-time-density-culture-and-energy-ur2005-monsoon-2019/building-blocks-of-migrant-housing-monsoon-2019-ug180076
https://www.slideshare.net/WaseemNoor3/raj-rewal-asian-games-village
https://www.archdaily.com/903782/asian-games-village-residence-iii-viueller-architects
https://rajrewal.in/portfolio/asian-games-village-1980-1982/
https://qdoc.tips/asiad-villagegrp-6-pdf-free.html
https://s3.us-east-1.amazonaws.com/media.archnet.org/system/publications/contents/2850/original/DPT0402.pdf?1384768113
https://prezi.com/zj7br3xisvu8/asiad-village/
modern, post-modern architects & their worksgarima23g
this presentation deals with the modern architecture- a few architects of modernist time and their famous works.
it also contains post-modern architecture and architects with their famous works.....!!
Lawrence Wilfred "Laurie" Baker (2 March 1917 – 1 April 2007) was a British-born Indian architect, renowned for his initiatives in cost-effective energy-efficient architecture and designs that maximized space, ventilation and light and maintained an uncluttered yet striking aesthetic sensibility. Influenced by Mahatma Gandhi and his own experiences in the remote Himalayas, he promoted the revival of regional building practices and use of local materials; and combined this with a design philosophy that emphasized a responsible and prudent use of resources and energy. He was a pioneer of sustainable architecture as well as organic architecture, incorporating in his designs even in the late 1960s, concepts such as rain-water harvesting, minimizing usage of energy-inefficient building materials, minimizing damage to the building site and seamlessly merging with the surroundings. Due to his social and humanitarian efforts to bring architecture and design to the common man, his honest use of materials, his belief in simplicity in design and in life, and his staunch Quaker belief in non-violence, he has been called the "Gandhi of architecture".[1]
He moved to India in 1945 in part as an architect associated with a leprosy mission and continued to live and work in India for over 50 years. He became an Indian citizen in 1989 and resided in Thiruvananthapuram (Trivandrum), Kerala from 1969 and served as the Director of COSTFORD (Centre of Science and Technology for Rural Development), an organisation to promote low-cost housing.Baker was born into a staunch Methodist family, the youngest son of Birmingham Gas Department's chief accountant, Charles Frederick Baker and Millie Baker. His early schooling was at King Edwards Grammar School. His elder brothers, Leonard and Norman studied law, and he had a sister, Edna who was the oldest of them all. In his teens Baker began to question what religion meant to him and decided to become a Quaker, since it was closer to what he believed in. Baker studied architecture at Birmingham Institute of Art and Design, Birmingham, and graduated in 1937, aged 20, in a period of political unrest in Europe.Throughout his practice, Baker developed a signature style in designing and building low cost, high quality, beautiful homes, with a great portion of his work suited to or built for lower-middle to lower class clients. He derived creatively from pre-existing local culture and building traditions while keeping his designs minimal with judicious and frugal use of resources.[13] [14] His buildings tend to emphasise prolific – at times virtuosic – masonry construction, instilling privacy and evoking history with brick jali walls, a perforated brick screen which invites a natural air flow to cool the buildings' interior, in addition to creating intricate patterns of light and shadow. Another significant Baker feature is irregular, pyramid-like structures on roofs, with one side left open and tilting into the wind. Baker's designs
The term “Vernacular architecture” in general refers to the informal building of structures through traditional building methods without using the services of a professional architect. It is the most widespread form of building .
Vernacular architecture has been growing over time with continuities changes, transformations and adaptations to the different social and economic conditions of each period.
A photo update of the UK-Aid (DFID) funded shelter project in Southern Sindh, helping around 50,000 families rebuild their homes that were destroyed in flooding during heavy rains August-September, 2011.
A beautifully landscaped resort at Sentosa near the sea shore with all balconies facing towards the sea,a beautifully landscaped swimming pool and tropical gardens.
Nasik city with its rich cultural and historical background has experienced numerous transformations through the several dynasties that reined the city.
Each one of these dynasties and rulers has left an unmistakable imprint on the art, architecture and culture of the place. The transition of the place from a kingdom of Satwahanas to an Industrial town is fascinating
Its rich Architectural heritage includes the preserved caves from Satvahana and various other dynasties; the Hemadpanthi style temples, the famous Wadas from Maratha and Peshwa rulers and last but not least, the magnificent forts protecting the boundaries of the city from enemies.
Even the succeeding periods of British rule and Post Independence era has observed remarkable structures coming up.
This History along with geographical location and geology of the place demonstrates a profound influence on the growth of the townscape.
With Sahyadris in vicinity many forts have been erected during the different empires with their distinctive modes of construction.
River Godavari plays a major role in its development as a religious center; the town has observed the emergence of some beautiful temples with Ghats along its banks.
The rich Architectural style of the structures has been changing as per the eras pertaining to their social, religious and cultural beliefs.
Various rituals and religious philosophies have been evolved due to the development of the society towards the religion, which reveal a grave influence on designs of the structures.
The Post Independence era has perceived a gradual transformation of this dreamlike town into a hybrid-cultured entity.
This paper overviews the time duration of the changed vocabulary of Aesthetics while recording the transformation of an inherently beautiful space into a comparatively characterless townscape.
From sketch to reality“Design is an Expression of Feeling........Any Creative Act is Design”. (Emerson-1953).
A Creative act or Creativity is process when an original or a new theory, a postulate or a hypothesis, results in the permutation or combination of both are brought together to offer generative alternatives. This is the initiation of a Design process in a fresh and sensitive mind
Design process is a thinking process and the process adopted must generate creative thinking. Creative thinking involves visualization which is the skill and ability to convert vision into visuals. The element of creativity can be nurtured if creative stimulus is introduced and the technique of problem solving is explained.
Natioanal Institute of Fashion Design.
The idea is to create a relationship between the built & the unbuilt spaces.
There are evidences of blend of traditional and contemporary architecture.
Aesthetics are cared for, sometimes at the stake of comfort if not function.
The site is well-segregated into various zones w.r.t the functions.
Circulation spaces are minimised to obtain efficiency in design.
ECO SCHOOL DESIGN
Studies show that sustainable learning environments can be a big advantage for students, improving their well-being, happiness and even their cognitive processes. But how can parents ensure that their children’s classrooms are as green as they can be.
Themes do emerge: good daylight and indoor air quality predominate; a link between indoors and out is strongly asserted; and the use of benign materials is paramount. But this is no more than what good school design has always aimed for.
Sustainable School Architecture is a guide to the planning, architecture, and design of schools that are healthy, stimulating, and will conserve energy and resources.
PHYSICAL ENVIRONMENT
1.Building Materials
2. Energy Use.
3.Landscapes
��
A Presentation by Ar Pramod Chaugule on -Affordable Housing
Due to increasing rates of land and building materials
It becomes necessary to adopt the use of
alternative building materials and
construction technologies to reduce the cost
of the building and to save scarce resources.
This may be done by up gradation of
local technologies , using local resources or
by application of modern materials and techniques.
ADVANCED CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGIES SUCH AS PRECAST MEMBERS , LIGHT WEIGHT CONCRETE SUCH AS SIPOREX, RMC REDUCE
CONSTRUCTION TIME AND THUS THE COST by 10 to 12 %
Few Facts – Mumbai and Paris
Concentric evolution of Paris over ages
Monumental architecture driven by rulers
Civil Architecture & City Planning - The Haussmann revolution and legacy.
Paris developed through concentric circles-Across the Seine river – closed by octroi and protective walls .
"Sustainable development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs.
SUSTAINABLE: Ecological and economical way of living to make human kind healthy and happy
�ARCHITECTURE :The art and science of making buildings.
Includes technology as well as aesthetics
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Innovating Humane Habitats in a Digital Era for a Sustainable Future.Digital Technology in Architectural Education and Profession .The significance of virtual Architecture is its emergence with the ability of computer-imaging technology to accurately simulate three-dimensional reality. The technique of simulating three-dimensional reality is known as virtual reality.
Parametric design:
Enables the exploration of alternative designs within a single representation using parameters and associative relationships to control geometric and constructive aspects of the design.
New developments in computational design as well as in digital fabrication are currently leading to a rethinking of architectural design, material science, engineering and fabrication.
STONE -As A Building Material.
Stones have been considered as one of the popular building material from the olden days due to their availability in abundance from the natural rocks. Building stones should possess enough strength and durability.
The stones which are suitable for the construction of the structures such as retaining walls, abutments, dams, barrages, roads etc are known as building stones.
A small open-fronted hut or cubicle from which newspapers, refreshments, tickets, etc. are sold.
A kiosk is a small physical structure that displays information for people walking by.
In general, ecotourism is an insightful, mindful and participatory travel experience to natural and cultural and social environments, assisting the well-being of the local cultures and environments for future generations.
To simplify the term, Ecotourism can be defined in terms of
-environment and
-culture
-orientated travel.
The overall layout of the ecolodge and associated development must reflect the dual purpose of creating an ambient and attractive environment for the visitor as well as protecting the natural features of the site.
To achieve this standard the proponent must demonstrate that some of the following conditions have been created:
Visitor experience and ambience.
Views within the site and to the surrounding landscape have been maximized Adequate shade is provided by the use of vegetation and facility orientation Local winds are funneled for natural ventilation
Individual accommodation units have adequate privacy
Movement around the site and connecting of the various facilities is efficient Environmental Protection.
All special features on the site are protected.
Only essential facilities are constructed adjacent to the beach and other focal points on the site.
The overall footprint of the constructed buildings are kept to a minimum
The green areas facilitate in encouraging human interaction while promoting community involvement and ownership. Local Green Spaces contribute to local identity, character of the area and sense of the place. They make an important contribution to the physical form and layout of the settlement. They may link up with other open spaces and allow views through or beyond the settlement, which are valued locally. The green areas must be aesthetically pleasing, tranquil and possess recreational value for the local communityUse of native, drought-tolerant plantings will create habitat for birds and insects, reduce water use, and aid adaptation to changing climate conditions. Planting of shady trees will reduce the urban heat island effect, creating more livable outdoor spaces. Edible landscaping is a responsible and worthwhile use of landscape space, even in the front yard. Water retention and filtering will help protect water quality.
The soft landscaping in forms of trees, lawns, hedges, flower gardens can be around public areas such as monuments, industrial areas, commercial areas, along the drains and roads.
Community Participation should be indispensible element in human settlements,especially in planning strategies and in formulation, implementation and management. It should influence all levels of Government in the decision making process to further the political, social and economic growth of Human settlements. This relates especially to low income and Cost Effective Housing projects denoting squatter settlement upgrading with site and service schemes.
In squatter settlement upgrading projects, the authorities regularize the illegal land tenure of squatters and provide basic infrastructure in the settlements. These interventions are expected to be sufficient incentives for the residents to start improving their houses. In sites-and-services schemes, the authorities provide serviced plots to the urban poor and expect them to produce their own houses, through individual or mutual self-help or the employment of small contractors. Participation assumes an activity in which the community takes part and the involvement of at least one other party, usually a government agency or a nongovernmental organization (NGO). Community participation is sometimes used to indicate community self reliance or self-help, i.e. an activity which is usually undertaken by a government agency, is undertaken by the community on its own (e.g. spontaneous housing).
The United Nations defined community development as "the processes by which the efforts of the people themselves are united with those of governmental authorities to improve the economic, social and cultural conditions of communities, to integrate these communities into the life of the nation and to enable them to contribute fully to national progress."
Maya Ubud Resort & Spa sits between the Petanu River valley and the verdant rice fields of Peliatan. With 108 luxury guestrooms and private pool villas, it is around a one hour drive from Bali’s international airport.
Dining alternatives encompass international and regional dishes, plus healthy spa-style cuisine and dinner with cultural performances.
The Spa At Maya is nestled along the river and has private double and single treatment pavilions, offering revitalizing treatments that refresh body and soul.
Recreation facilities include two swimming pools, tennis court, golf putting green, yoga pavilion and gym, village trekking, nature excursions and mountain biking. A shuttle bus links Ubud township.
Recently, workplace performance has received much attention, as more people have recognized that it directly affects work productivity and effectiveness. Workplace performance is a measure of the effectiveness of a workplace in meeting the occupant’s needs. The space is designed as per the work groups, activities and the type of projects. The designed workspace should be economically viable, intelligently planned and follow the sustainable principles
More from Director-Navnirman Bahu-Uddeshiya Mahila Sanstha,Suvarna Lele Architects. (20)
Book Formatting: Quality Control Checks for DesignersConfidence Ago
This presentation was made to help designers who work in publishing houses or format books for printing ensure quality.
Quality control is vital to every industry. This is why every department in a company need create a method they use in ensuring quality. This, perhaps, will not only improve the quality of products and bring errors to the barest minimum, but take it to a near perfect finish.
It is beyond a moot point that a good book will somewhat be judged by its cover, but the content of the book remains king. No matter how beautiful the cover, if the quality of writing or presentation is off, that will be a reason for readers not to come back to the book or recommend it.
So, this presentation points designers to some important things that may be missed by an editor that they could eventually discover and call the attention of the editor.
Hello everyone! I am thrilled to present my latest portfolio on LinkedIn, marking the culmination of my architectural journey thus far. Over the span of five years, I've been fortunate to acquire a wealth of knowledge under the guidance of esteemed professors and industry mentors. From rigorous academic pursuits to practical engagements, each experience has contributed to my growth and refinement as an architecture student. This portfolio not only showcases my projects but also underscores my attention to detail and to innovative architecture as a profession.
Can AI do good? at 'offtheCanvas' India HCI preludeAlan Dix
Invited talk at 'offtheCanvas' IndiaHCI prelude, 29th June 2024.
https://www.alandix.com/academic/talks/offtheCanvas-IndiaHCI2024/
The world is being changed fundamentally by AI and we are constantly faced with newspaper headlines about its harmful effects. However, there is also the potential to both ameliorate theses harms and use the new abilities of AI to transform society for the good. Can you make the difference?
You could be a professional graphic designer and still make mistakes. There is always the possibility of human error. On the other hand if you’re not a designer, the chances of making some common graphic design mistakes are even higher. Because you don’t know what you don’t know. That’s where this blog comes in. To make your job easier and help you create better designs, we have put together a list of common graphic design mistakes that you need to avoid.
Between Filth and Fortune- Urban Cattle Foraging Realities by Devi S Nair, An...Mansi Shah
This study examines cattle rearing in urban and rural settings, focusing on milk production and consumption. By exploring a case in Ahmedabad, it highlights the challenges and processes in dairy farming across different environments, emphasising the need for sustainable practices and the essential role of milk in daily consumption.
Top 5 Indian Style Modular Kitchen DesignsFinzo Kitchens
Get the perfect modular kitchen in Gurgaon at Finzo! We offer high-quality, custom-designed kitchens at the best prices. Wardrobes and home & office furniture are also available. Free consultation! Best Quality Luxury Modular kitchen in Gurgaon available at best price. All types of Modular Kitchens are available U Shaped Modular kitchens, L Shaped Modular Kitchen, G Shaped Modular Kitchens, Inline Modular Kitchens and Italian Modular Kitchen.
Dive into the innovative world of smart garages with our insightful presentation, "Exploring the Future of Smart Garages." This comprehensive guide covers the latest advancements in garage technology, including automated systems, smart security features, energy efficiency solutions, and seamless integration with smart home ecosystems. Learn how these technologies are transforming traditional garages into high-tech, efficient spaces that enhance convenience, safety, and sustainability.
Ideal for homeowners, tech enthusiasts, and industry professionals, this presentation provides valuable insights into the trends, benefits, and future developments in smart garage technology. Stay ahead of the curve with our expert analysis and practical tips on implementing smart garage solutions.
Expert Accessory Dwelling Unit (ADU) Drafting ServicesResDraft
Whether you’re looking to create a guest house, a rental unit, or a private retreat, our experienced team will design a space that complements your existing home and maximizes your investment. We provide personalized, comprehensive expert accessory dwelling unit (ADU)drafting solutions tailored to your needs, ensuring a seamless process from concept to completion.
1. “I never build for classes of people – high
income, middle income or low
income groups, tribals or fishermen. I only
build for a Matthew, a
Bhaskaran, a Muneer or a Sankaran.”
-Laurie Baker
Laurence Wilfred "Laurie" Baker (2
March 1917 – 1 April 2007)
2. Baker studied architecture in Birmingham and graduated in 1937, aged 20, in a period of
political unrest for Europe.
During the Second World War, he served in the Friends Ambulance Unit in China and
Burma.
worked as an architect for an international and interdenominational Mission dedicated to the
care of those suffering from leprosy.
focused on converting or replacing asylums once used to house the ostracized sufferers of the
disease - "lepers".
Used indigenous architecture and methods of these places as means to deal with his once
daunting problems.
3. SKETCES BY LAURIE BAKER
Baker always carried his home-made diary fashioned out of old
pieces of paper from envelopes and other waste plain paper
wherever he went. Baker's ability to sketch was one of the main
reason he never learnt Indian languages since whenever people
didn't understand English he would whip out his diary and
scribble a quick sketch to explain what he meant.
4.
5.
6. • 1981: D.Litt conferred by the Royal University of Netherlands for outstanding work in
the Third World
• 1983: Order of the British Empire, MBE
• 1987: Received the first Indian National Habitat Award
• 1988: Received Indian Citizenship
• 1989: Indian Institute of Architects Outstanding Architect of the Year
• 1990: Received the Padma Sri
• 1990: Great Master Architect of the Year
• 1992: UNO Habitat Award & UN Roll of Honour
Awards
7. CONCEPTS AND STYLE OF BAKER
Designing and building low cost, high quality, beautiful homes
Suited to or built for lower-middle to lower class clients.
Irregular, pyramid-like structures on roofs, with one side left open and tilting into the wind.
Brick jali walls, a perforated brick screen which utilises natural air movement to cool the home's
interior and create intricate patterns of light and shadow.
Baker's designs invariably have traditional Indian sloping roofs and terracotta Mangalore tile
shingling with gables and vents allowing rising hot air to escape curved walls to enclose more
volume at lower material cost than straight walls.
Baker was often seen rummaging through salvage heaps looking for suitable building
materials, door and window frames. Baker's architectural method is of improvisation.
Initial drawings have only an idealistic link to the final construction, with most of the
accommodations and design choices being made on-site by the architect himself.
8. ‘Low cost' or `cost reduction' is not only concerning economy. Most modern building
materials are manufactured articles (like burnt bricks or steel or glass or cement). Their
respective costs are one important consideration but just as important is the question of how
much energy (or fuel) was used in their manufacture.
The use of local materials is an example of economy because there are no transport costs.
These styles show that people have discovered that there is a right way and a wrong way of
putting materials together so that they are strong and durable. A wall, for example, is not
necessarily stronger because it is thicker. The bonding together of a few stones is much
stronger than the heaping together of a lot of stones.
9.
10. COST EFFECTIVE TECHNIQUES
Advantages
20-35% Less materials
Decorative, Economical &
Reduced self-load
Almost maintenance free
25-30% Cost Reduction
Filler slab
Advantages
Energy saving & Eco-Friendly
compressive roofing.
Decorative & Highly Economical
Maintenance free
Jack Arch
11. Filler slabs
Filler slabs employ replacing 'un-productive'
concrete by a 'Filler' material which reduces the
weight of the slab and also the cost by reducing the
amount of concrete used. Also, since the weight of
the slab is thus reduced, lesser steel is required for
reinforcement, further reducing the cost.
Arches
The arch is significant because it provides a
structure which eliminates tensile stresses in
spanning an open space. All the forces are
resolved into compressive stresses. This is useful
because several of the available building materials
such as stone, cast iron and concrete can strongly
resist compression but are very weak when tension,
shear or torsional stress is applied to them.
12. Domes
A dome can be thought of as an arch which has
been rotated around its central vertical axis. Thus
domes, like arches, have a great deal of structural
strength when properly built and can span large
open spaces without interior supports.
13. UNI Group Housing, Vasundhra, Sehwag International School, Jhajjar,
Ghaziabad Haryana
Farmer's Training Center for P.N.B., Nimrana,
Rajasthan
14. Laurie Baker Building Centre
Promoted by HUDCO and DSIB, Govt. of Delhi
Ekta Vihar, Sector - 6, R.K. Puram, New Delhi - 110022
15. Rat trap bond
Rat trap bond brick masonry is an alternative to
normal English bond masonry walls by which 15%
of cost can be reduced without comprimising the
quality, strength and appearances.
16. Bricks to me are like faces. All of them are made of burnt mud, but they vary slightly in shape
and colour. I think these small variations give tremendous character to a wall made of
thousands of bricks, so I never dream of covering such a unique and characterful creation with
plaster, which is mainly dull and characterless. I like the contrast of textures of brick, of stone,
of concrete, of wood.
We still do not see that the most important industry in the country is the building industry. We
refuse to see that it can absorb every type of worker from the highly-skilled scientist to the
completely non-skilled labourer. It can solve a large area of our unemployment problem, and,
furthermore, it can start immediately, if we will it, as no other industry can.
My observation is that vernacular architecture almost always has good answers to all our
problems. In every district, wherever you go, the people themselves take an active part in
making their houses. Now, for whatever reasons, they have lost their skills, and need to look
outside for help.
18. HAMLET
IT is a Baker's home in Trivandrum.
Take a closer look at this remarkable and unique house built on five levels on a plot of
land along the slope of a rocky hill, with limited access to water: conditions most people
would never dream of building anything much less their homes under! However Baker’s
genius has created a wonderful home for his family.
32. The Center For Development Studies
Centre for Development Studies Ulloor, Trivandrum, 1971
the most important project of baker’s career. The significance of this assignment had less
to do with size and budget, than with the idea of exhibiting a range of concepts applied to
buildings of varying functions, scale and dimensions.
An area of nine acres accommodates administrative offices, a computer centre, an amphi-
theatre, a library, classrooms, housing and other components of an institutional design.
33. Here, at the summit, the library dominates the centre with a seven-storey tower; the
administrative offices and classrooms are scattered in a randomness determined by each
one's position on the slope. However, the buildings remain tightly connected through
corridors that snake upwards to the library along breezy walkways and landscaped courts.
34.
35.
36.
37.
38.
39.
40.
41.
42.
43.
44.
45.
46. Plan Of A School (2 alternatives)
This plan is contained within a 30 foot square structure. It can be This plan contains both a teachers room and a mini stage. By re-
used where only one teacher is available for dealing with a small aligning the seating - all can face towards the stage for assembly or
number of children of different ages. This structure is not dramas or music etc.
uncommon in remote and hilly areas. It is in such regions where
education facilities, including the school building itself, are missing or
totally inadequate.
Seating is indicated in the plan merely to show how the group can
either be taught (or act) collectively or be separated into 3 or 4
classes.
47. Loyola Chapel and Auditorium
Sreekarayam, 1971
The Loyola complex contains a high school and a post-graduate
complex, both sharing a common chapel and an auditorium. It was here
that Baker's skills of cost-reduction met their greatest challenge, as it
required a seating capacity of one thousand. In order to increase the
lateral strength of the high brick wall, without the introduction of any
steel or concrete, Baker devised a wide cavity double-wall with cross-
bracing brick.
48.
49. The total covered area of the chapel
and auditorium and the gallery is
approximately 930 square meters. The
cost in 1970-71, including the furniture
and appurtenances, lighting and
sanitation was kept within the original
gift sum of
1.75 lakh rupees.
1. Chapel nave
2. Sanctuary
3. Narthex
4. Sacristy
5. Chapel
6. Terrace
7. Auditorium
8. Stage
9. Green room
10. Toilet
50. Both the walls were pierced with a continuous
floor-to-roof pattern of jails, so that the chapel was
adequately, though somewhat mysteriously, lit-and
ventilated. Despite its tall proportions, the
acoustics of the hall were remarkable-the exposed
surfaces and the open patterns of brickwork
controlling the reverberations.
51.
52.
53. Loyola Chapel and Auditorium: Estimate of Cost
Rate Quantity Figure Say
Excavation and refilling cu.ft. 0.06 16,000 960 1,000
Concrete foundations 1:4:8 cu.ft. 1.20 1,900 2,280 2,500
DPC:CM 1:3 crude oil 5% wt c. sq.ft. 0.30 560 168 200
RR masonry in 1:5 cm cu.ft. 0.95 3,360 3,192 3,300
first class bricks in 1:5 cm cu.ft. 1.80 16,100 28,980 29,000
4.5" brick in 1:4 cm sq.ft. 0.75 1,250 938 1,000
ditto query extra sq.ft. 0.75 1,600 1,200 1,500
flooring 4"1:4:8 plus c.finish sq.ft. 0.65 6,840 4,480 4,500
slab floor c. finish 500
0.5" cm plaster sq.ft. 0.22 11,860 2,609 3,000
3 coat whitewashing sq.ft. 0.03 11,860 355 500
I Supercem 3 coats (2 and primer) sq.ft. 0.30 11,860 3,560 4,000
RCframe cu.ft. 11.00 8,500 8,500
RCslabs cu.ft. 8.00 2,560 20,480 20,500
Doors 5,000
Windows 500
Chapel ceiling 10,000
Auditorium ceiling '" 7,500
Roof weathering 3" jelly tiles etc. sq.ft. 1.50 1,150 1,725 2,000
AC roofing sq.ft. 1.50 6,050 9,075 9,000
Steel trusses cu.wt. 115. 25,000
Sanitation and drains 2,500
Electrical installation 10,000
3% contingencies 4,425 4,500
Furniture for chapel 18,000
Total Rs 1,70,000
86. Baker on 'Laurie Baker Architecture’ -Columbus is reputed to have
discovered America, but a large number of people had been already living there
without the publicity of his discovery for a very long time. Similarly, when I made my
own little personal discoveries, I realised that I had merely chanced to find an
extensive set of building systems which were in no way 'discoveries' to more than five
hundred million people! I wanted to make use of this new knowledge in my own work.