ile de la cite, left bank, right bank

2. became a substantial Roman city during the 1st century a.d., spreading to what is now the Latin Quarter on the Left Bank, with a forum, two amphitheaters, an aqueduct, and baths. Some of these Roman structures still stand in the Left Bank, including baths, notably the Thermes de Cluny

4. largely abandoned, the population retreated to (a fortified) Île de la Cité

6. the medieval palace was largely replaced by the massive 19th-century Palais de Justice (at left below) and the Conciergerie

8. The three pointed towers at center are remnants of the medieval palace, with the furthest tower, the Bonbec, having housed the torture chamber

10. begun 1163 a.d.

11. on the site of an ancient monument to the Roman god Jupiter

22. ruins constitute about one-third of a once massive bath complex

23. baths were freely open to the public and a means of romanizing the ancient Gauls

24. Julian the Apostate (the last non-Christian ruler of the Roman Empire) was proclaimed Emperor in the Thermes de Cluny in February 360 a.d.

25. conveniently located across the street from Starbucks

26. In Latin Quarter (of Left Bank)

27. Left Bank – Eiffel Tower designed and built by the French civil engineer Alexandre-Gustave Eiffel for the Paris World's Fair of 1889

28. Where is it? (everywhere)

29. Left Bank – Les Invalides & Napoleon's Tomb Built between1670 and 1676 as a combination hospital for soldiers and a sort of retirement home for retired soldiers, known as a “hôpital des invalides” (hospital for invalids).

31. although he died in 1821, it wasn’t until 1840 that Napolean Bonaparte's body was moved from the island of Saint Helena to Les Invalides. Then it wasn’t until 1861 that Napoleon’s remains were moved to their present location under the dome.

33. in 1977, the French government began converting the building into the Musee d’Orsay, which opened in 1986.

34. houses works created between 1848 and 1914

36. we 'll have our own guide for this as well as all other museums on our trip

45. The french term “gauche”, describing someone or something who is awkward, crude, or unsophisticated literally just means “left” and is a remnant of the historical class distinctions between those of the Right and Left Banks

48. built 1806-1836

49. unknown soldiers tomb added in 1921.

50. Right Bank – Louvre

58. By having a church hovering just above the Pigalle district, it was hoped that some of the holiness might rub off on the wilder side of Paris. It didn’t really work. The Moulin Rouge is still going strong and Pigalle is still considered the ‘Red Light district’ of Paris.

59. Right Bank – Centre Pompidou named for former French President Georges Pompidou who governed in the early 1970s, was started in 1971 but not completed until 1977.

60. Right and Left Banks – there's art in the streets!