Computer is an electronic device which converts row data into meaningful information .It can perform many task.It work very fast and accuratc.A computer programmed device with a set of instnections of perform is spicilic task and generate result at a very high speed
“Computer is an electronic machine that can store, recall and process data. It can perform
tasks or complex calculation according to a set of instructions or programs. The terms and definitions used in computer system
Chapter 1 computer hardware and flow of informationFrankie Jones
FP203 Computer Organization
Chapter 1 computer hardware and flow of information
This topic covers the computer fundamentals, functional unit,
basic operational concepts and bus structure.
What is Computer, Functionalities of a computer, Computer Components, Hardware, software, Input Devices, Output Devices, CPU (Central Processing Unit), Memory, Unit of Measurements, Classification of Computers, Computer Languages, Generation of Computers, Data, Information and Knowledge, Characteristics of Computer, Computer Viruses,
“Computer is an electronic machine that can store, recall and process data. It can perform
tasks or complex calculation according to a set of instructions or programs. The terms and definitions used in computer system
Chapter 1 computer hardware and flow of informationFrankie Jones
FP203 Computer Organization
Chapter 1 computer hardware and flow of information
This topic covers the computer fundamentals, functional unit,
basic operational concepts and bus structure.
What is Computer, Functionalities of a computer, Computer Components, Hardware, software, Input Devices, Output Devices, CPU (Central Processing Unit), Memory, Unit of Measurements, Classification of Computers, Computer Languages, Generation of Computers, Data, Information and Knowledge, Characteristics of Computer, Computer Viruses,
Computer software or simply software is a program that enables a computer to perform a specific task as oppose to the physical components of the system (i.e. hardware).
The computer organization is concerned with the structure and behaviour of digital computers.
Organizational attributes include those hardware details transparent to the programmer, such as control signals, interfaces between the computer and peripherals; and the memory technology used.
Central Processing Unit (CPU) Memory, Communication between Various Units of a Computer System, The Instruction Format, Instruction Set, Processor Speed, Multiprocessor Systems, Multicomputer System
Fundamentals of Computers and Operating System(OS)TUHIN SAHA
This comprehensive PowerPoint presentation is designed to provide a foundational understanding of computers, their components, and their functions. It is ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in gaining a solid grasp of the basics of computer science.
The presentation covers the following key topics:
1. What is a Computer?
- The presentation begins with a clear definition of a computer, detailing its basic functions as an electronic device that processes data. It highlights the computer's ability to perform arithmetic and logical operations.
2. What is an Operating System?
- This section introduces the operating system (OS) as the crucial software that manages hardware and software resources. A detailed block diagram illustrates the OS's components.
3. Components of a Computer:
- The presentation breaks down the primary components of a computer system, including the central processing unit (CPU), memory, input/output devices, and storage devices.
4. Different Generations of Computers:
- A historical perspective is provided on the evolution of computers, detailing the five generations from vacuum tubes to artificial intelligence.
5. Hardware and Software:
- An exploration of the difference between hardware (the physical components of a computer) and software (the programs and applications that run on the hardware). Examples of various hardware components.
6. Input and Output Devices:
- Detailed descriptions of common input devices (such as keyboards and mice) and output devices (such as monitors and printers). This section explains how these devices enable users to interact with the computer and receive feedback.
7. Storage and Memory Devices:
- The presentation covers different types of storage (like hard drives, SSDs, and optical discs) and memory (RAM and ROM).
This presentation serves as a foundational resource for anyone looking to gain a better understanding of computers and their operations. Whether you are a student, educator, or tech enthusiast, "Intro to Computers & OS: Key Concepts" offers valuable insights and a structured approach to learning about the integral components and functions of modern computing systems.
Computer software or simply software is a program that enables a computer to perform a specific task as oppose to the physical components of the system (i.e. hardware).
The computer organization is concerned with the structure and behaviour of digital computers.
Organizational attributes include those hardware details transparent to the programmer, such as control signals, interfaces between the computer and peripherals; and the memory technology used.
Central Processing Unit (CPU) Memory, Communication between Various Units of a Computer System, The Instruction Format, Instruction Set, Processor Speed, Multiprocessor Systems, Multicomputer System
Fundamentals of Computers and Operating System(OS)TUHIN SAHA
This comprehensive PowerPoint presentation is designed to provide a foundational understanding of computers, their components, and their functions. It is ideal for students, educators, and anyone interested in gaining a solid grasp of the basics of computer science.
The presentation covers the following key topics:
1. What is a Computer?
- The presentation begins with a clear definition of a computer, detailing its basic functions as an electronic device that processes data. It highlights the computer's ability to perform arithmetic and logical operations.
2. What is an Operating System?
- This section introduces the operating system (OS) as the crucial software that manages hardware and software resources. A detailed block diagram illustrates the OS's components.
3. Components of a Computer:
- The presentation breaks down the primary components of a computer system, including the central processing unit (CPU), memory, input/output devices, and storage devices.
4. Different Generations of Computers:
- A historical perspective is provided on the evolution of computers, detailing the five generations from vacuum tubes to artificial intelligence.
5. Hardware and Software:
- An exploration of the difference between hardware (the physical components of a computer) and software (the programs and applications that run on the hardware). Examples of various hardware components.
6. Input and Output Devices:
- Detailed descriptions of common input devices (such as keyboards and mice) and output devices (such as monitors and printers). This section explains how these devices enable users to interact with the computer and receive feedback.
7. Storage and Memory Devices:
- The presentation covers different types of storage (like hard drives, SSDs, and optical discs) and memory (RAM and ROM).
This presentation serves as a foundational resource for anyone looking to gain a better understanding of computers and their operations. Whether you are a student, educator, or tech enthusiast, "Intro to Computers & OS: Key Concepts" offers valuable insights and a structured approach to learning about the integral components and functions of modern computing systems.
Computer is an electronic device that is designed to work with Information. The term computer is derived from the Latin term ‘computare’, this means to calculate or programmable machine. Computer cannot do anything without a Program. It represents the decimal numbers through a string of binary digits. The Word 'Computer' usually refers to the Center Processor Unit plus Internal memory.
Charles Babbage is called the "Grand Father" of the computer. The First mechanical computer designed by Charles Babbage was called Analytical Engine. It uses read-only memory in the form of punch cards.
Computer is an advanced electronic device that takes raw data as input from the user and processes these data under the control of set of instructions (called program) and gives the result (output) and saves output for the future use. It can process both numerical and non-numerical (arithmetic and logical) calculations.
A computer is an electronic machine, capable of performing basic operations like addition, subtraction, multiplication, division, etc. The computer is also capable of storing information, which can be used later. It can process millions of instructions in a few seconds and at the same time with high accuracy. Hence a computer can be defined as an automatic electronic machine for performing calculations or controlling operations that are expressible in numerical or logical terms. Computers are very accurate and save time by performing the assigned task very fast. They don’t get bored.
A computer is an electronic device, operating under the control of instructions stored in its own memory that can accept data (input), process the data according to specified rules, provide information (output), and store the information for future use
BASIC OF COMPUTER.pptx regarding detailsMuskanMukhi1
This is basically a presentation of IT regarding the topic Basics of a Computer. So anybody can use it for Information Technology. A PowerPoint presentation on the basics of computers typically covers fundamental concepts such as hardware components (CPU, memory, storage devices), software (operating systems, applications), input and output devices (keyboard, mouse, monitor), and basic computer operations (booting, file management, software installation). It may also touch upon topics like computer networks, internet basics, and computer security. The presentation aims to provide a foundational understanding of computers to beginners, highlighting their essential components and functions in a clear and concise manner.The PowerPoint presentation on the basics of computers provides a comprehensive overview suitable for beginners. It covers fundamental concepts including hardware components like CPU, memory, and storage devices, alongside software such as operating systems and applications. Additionally, it explores input and output devices like keyboards, mice, and monitors, and delves into basic computer operations such as booting, file management, and software installation. The presentation also touches upon computer networks, internet basics, and computer security, offering a foundational understanding of these topics. With clear explanations and visual aids, the presentation aims to equip beginners with essential knowledge about computers and their functionalities in a concise and accessible manner.
It covers hardware components like the CPU, memory, and storage devices, as well as software including operating systems and applications. Furthermore, it explains input and output devices such as keyboards, mice, and monitors, and discusses basic computer operations like booting and file management. Additionally, the presentation touches on computer networks, internet fundamentals, and computer security, providing a well-rounded understanding of key aspects of computing. With clear explanations and visual aids, the presentation aims to demystify computers and empower beginners to navigate the digital world with confidence.
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docxvaibhavrinwa19
Acetabularia acetabulum is a single-celled green alga that in its vegetative state is morphologically differentiated into a basal rhizoid and an axially elongated stalk, which bears whorls of branching hairs. The single diploid nucleus resides in the rhizoid.
Francesca Gottschalk - How can education support child empowerment.pptxEduSkills OECD
Francesca Gottschalk from the OECD’s Centre for Educational Research and Innovation presents at the Ask an Expert Webinar: How can education support child empowerment?
The Roman Empire A Historical Colossus.pdfkaushalkr1407
The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
Culturally, the Romans were eclectic, absorbing and adapting elements from the civilizations they encountered, particularly the Greeks. Roman art, literature, and philosophy reflected this synthesis, creating a rich cultural tapestry. Latin, the Roman language, became the lingua franca of the Western world, influencing numerous modern languages.
Roman architecture and engineering achievements were monumental. They perfected the arch, vault, and dome, constructing enduring structures like the Colosseum, Pantheon, and aqueducts. These engineering marvels not only showcased Roman ingenuity but also served practical purposes, from public entertainment to water supply.
Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
Phyto-Pharmacological Screening, New Strategies for evaluating
Natural Products, In vitro evaluation techniques for Antioxidants, Antimicrobial and Anticancer drugs. In vivo evaluation techniques
for Anti-inflammatory, Antiulcer, Anticancer, Wound healing, Antidiabetic, Hepatoprotective, Cardio protective, Diuretics and
Antifertility, Toxicity studies as per OECD guidelines
A Strategic Approach: GenAI in EducationPeter Windle
Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies such as Generative AI, Image Generators and Large Language Models have had a dramatic impact on teaching, learning and assessment over the past 18 months. The most immediate threat AI posed was to Academic Integrity with Higher Education Institutes (HEIs) focusing their efforts on combating the use of GenAI in assessment. Guidelines were developed for staff and students, policies put in place too. Innovative educators have forged paths in the use of Generative AI for teaching, learning and assessments leading to pockets of transformation springing up across HEIs, often with little or no top-down guidance, support or direction.
This Gasta posits a strategic approach to integrating AI into HEIs to prepare staff, students and the curriculum for an evolving world and workplace. We will highlight the advantages of working with these technologies beyond the realm of teaching, learning and assessment by considering prompt engineering skills, industry impact, curriculum changes, and the need for staff upskilling. In contrast, not engaging strategically with Generative AI poses risks, including falling behind peers, missed opportunities and failing to ensure our graduates remain employable. The rapid evolution of AI technologies necessitates a proactive and strategic approach if we are to remain relevant.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
Operation “Blue Star” is the only event in the history of Independent India where the state went into war with its own people. Even after about 40 years it is not clear if it was culmination of states anger over people of the region, a political game of power or start of dictatorial chapter in the democratic setup.
The people of Punjab felt alienated from main stream due to denial of their just demands during a long democratic struggle since independence. As it happen all over the word, it led to militant struggle with great loss of lives of military, police and civilian personnel. Killing of Indira Gandhi and massacre of innocent Sikhs in Delhi and other India cities was also associated with this movement.
2. Computer is an electronic device which converts row data into
meaningful information .It can perform many task.It work very fast
and accuratc.A computer programmed device with a set of
instnections of perform is spicilic task and generate result at a very
high speed.
The full form of computer……..
C Commonly
O Operated
M Machine
P Particularly
U Used for
T Technical
E Education
R Re-surch
There are three types of computer………
1. Analog computer
2. Digital computer
3. Hybride computer
3. Analog computer process data which is a physical nature.These
computer mainly perform hard.
Digital computer works on binary data 0 and 1.These computer
perform calculating words.Digital computer in fall into four
catagrees upon into their size, processing speed and crossed.
There are 4 types of digital computer………
1. Micro computer
2. Mini computer
3. Main frame computer
4. Super computer
These are both computer
Analog and Digital.
1. Hardware
2. Software
4. Physical componants of computer are called hardware.The
hardware computer devide into two catagrees.
1. Peripheralls
2. C.p.u.
Externall devices which be connect to the computer are
called peripheralls.
Peripheralls falls into three catagrees………
1. Input device
2. Output device
3. Storage device
An input device for a computer allows you to enter
information. The most fundamental pieces of information are
keystrokes on a keyboard and clicks with a mouse. These two
input devices are essential for you to interact with your
computer. Many other input devices exist for entering other
types of information, such as images, audio and video. Input
devices represent one type of computer peripheral - the other
two types are output devices and storage devices.
Examples of Input Devices:-
5. 1. Graphics Tablets
2. Cameras
3. Gamepad
4. Joystick
5. Keyboard
6. Microphone etc
We need to head to the computer store one more time. We've
picked out your system unit and input devices. Now we've really
got to figure out what's important for your output devices, or how
we are going to see and hear the data and information created
and stored in your computer.
Examples of Output Devices:-
1. Monitor (LED, LCD, CRT etc)
2. Printers (all types)
3. Plotters
4. Projector
5. LCD Projection Panels
6. Speakers etc
What is a CPU (Central Processing Unit?)
The full form of CPU is Central Processing Unit. Alternatively, it
is also known by the name of processor, microprocessor or a
6. computer processor. A CPU is an electronics circuit used in a
computer that fetches the input instructions or commands from
the memory unit, performs arithmetic and logic operations and
stores this processed data back to memory.
A CPU or Central Processing Unit is the heart of a computer and
is installed in a socket specified on a motherboard. Since a CPU
performs a lot of calculations at a high speed, it gets heat up
quickly. To cool down the temperature of a CPU a cooling FAN is
installed on it.
Components of a CPU
Control Unit
The Control Unit is an internal part of a CPU that co-ordinates
the instructions and data flow between CPU and other
components of the computer. It is the CU that directs the
operations of a central processing unit by sending timing and
control signals.
7. Arithmetic Logic Unit
The ALU is an internal electronic circuitry of a CPU that
performs all the arithmetic and logical operations in a computer.
The ALU receives three types of inputs.
Control signal from CU ( Control Unit )
Data(operands) to be operated
Status information from operations done previously.
When all the instructions have been operated, the output that
consists of data is stored in memory and status information is
stored in internal registers of a CPU.
Memory
It is part of computer.We can all data and programs stored in
memory.In computing, memory refers to the computer
hardware integrated circuits that store information for immediate
use in a computer; it is synonymous with the term "primary
storage". Computer memory operates at a high speed, for
example random-access memory (RAM), as a distinction
from storage that provides slow-to-access information but offers
higher capacities. If needed, contents of the computer memory
can be transferred to secondary storage, through a memory
management technique called "virtual memory". An archaic
synonym for memory is store.[1]
There are two types of memory............
1. Primary memory
2. Secondary memory
Primary memory
Primary memory is computer memory that a processor or
computer accesses first or directly. It allows a processor to
access running execution applications and services that are
8. temporarily stored in a specific memory location.Primary
memory is also known as primary storage or main memory.
There are two types of primary memory.............
1. RAM
2. ROM
RAM
Random access memory (RAM) is a type of data
storage used in computers that is generally located on
the motherboard. This type of memory is volatile and
all information that was stored in RAM is lost when
the computer is turned off. Volatile memory is
temporary memory while ROM (read-only memory)
is non-volatile and holds data permanently when the
power is turned off.The RAM chip may be
individually mounted on the motherboard or in sets
of several chips on a small board connected to the
motherboard. Older memory types were in the form
of chips called dual in-line package (DIP). Although
DIP chips are still used today, the majority of
memory is in the form of a module, a narrow printed
circuit board attached to a connector on the
motherboard.
ROM
Read-only memory (ROM) is a type of storage
medium that permanently stores data on personal
computers (PCs) and other electronic devices. It
contains the programming needed to start a PC,
which is essential for boot-up; it performs major
input/output tasks and holds programs or software
instructions.
Because ROM is read-only, it cannot be changed; it is permanent
and non-volatile, meaning it also holds its memory even when
9. power is removed. By contrast, random access memory (RAM) is
volatile; it is lost when power is removed.
Secondary memory
Secondary memory is computer memory that is non-volatile and
persistent in nature and is not directly accessed by a
computer/processor. It allows a user to store data that may be
instantly and easily retrieved, transported and used by
applications and services.Secondary memory is also known as
secondary storage.
There are many types of secondary memory.......
CD, Hard disk, Pain drive, Phlopy disk etc
Cache memory is the fisted memory placed between cup and main
memory the access time much less then the main memory. The
main memory increases the operating speed of the system. Cache
memory is a small sized type of volatile computer memory provides
high speed data access to processor and stores frequently used
computer programs application and data. Cache memory, also
called CPU memory, is random access memory (RAM) that a
computer microprocessor can access more quickly than it can
access regular RAM. This memory is typically integrated directly
with the CPU chip or placed on a separate chip that has a separate
bus interconnect with the CPU. The basic purpose of cache memory
is to store program instructions that are frequently re-referenced
by software during operation. Fast access to these instructions
increases the overall speed of the software program.
10. Software is a set of procedures and associated programs
documentation related to an if active operation of the computer
system. Computer hardware in itself cannot perform any useful
task. It must be complemented with some instruction, which the
hardware under stands and obey. Software is two
types---- [1.] system software [2.]
Application software
[1.] System software==== system software, system packages are
sets of one are program that are basically designed to control the
operation of a computer system in generally system software
control the following—(A) Running of other software packages.
(B) Communicating with other peripheral device such age printer
hard disk and tape device etc.
[2.] Application software==== system software are once which
directly talk with the hardware component the application
software intern talk with the system for their execution.
Software
System software Application software
User written Readymade
11. Lodder Assemblers Operating software Compiler
A program which translates a high level language
programs in to machine language program is non as
complier. It checks all kinds of limits, rang, error etc but
its programs execution time is more and occupies a
larger part of memory. It has low speed and low
efficiency of memory utilization.
An inter preter is a program which translate one
statement of a high level language in to machine
language. A complier is nearly 5 to 25 faster than inter
prettier. An inter preter is a smaller program as
compared to the complier. It needs less memory space.