Panchagavya is an organic product made from five cow products that has benefits for organic farming. Studies have shown Panchagavya can increase crop yields when used as a foliar spray or by mixing it into irrigation water. One study found application of Panchagavya increased rice yields by 250g per plant. Another study saw increases of 167.8 kg/ha in grain yields and 1.75 t/ha in straw yields from Panchagavya use. Studies on cowpea also observed increased growth, yields, and profits with Panchagavya application. Panchagavya is beneficial for farmers as it can restore soil health and yields without chemicals at low cost.
What is Panchgavya?
ORGANIC PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
COW PRODUCT
PROCEDURE
PHYSIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION
EFFECT OF PANCHGAVYA IN SOIL AND CROP
preparation of panchgavya,
This study examined the effect of Panchagavya, a liquid mixture made from cow products, on the microbial degradation of vegetable and fruit wastes during vermicomposting. The vermicomposts produced with Panchagavya had higher microbial activity, as well as improved pH, carbon/nitrogen ratio, organic carbon, nitrogen and other nutrient levels compared to those without Panchagavya. The results indicate that Panchagavya enhanced the microbial decomposition and nutrient mineralization of wastes during composting.
- Panchakaviya is a mixture used in Hindu rituals made by mixing five cow-derived products: cow dung, urine, milk, curd, and ghee. It is allowed to ferment for one month.
- According to ancient Ayurvedic texts, each component has medicinal properties and benefits health. It is also used in organic farming to promote plant growth and provide immunity.
- When properly prepared and applied, research has shown Panchakaviya increases crop yields, enhances drought tolerance, and improves plant growth, stem strength, root development, and shelf life of crops.
This document provides instructions for making Panchagavya, a natural fertilizer and pesticide made from cow products. It lists the ingredients as fresh cow dung, ghee, urine, milk, curd, sugarcane juice, coconut water, banana, and toddy or yeast for fermentation. The ingredients are mixed and stirred daily for 19 days. Panchagavya can then be used as a foliar spray, soil application, or for seed treatment to promote plant growth and increase yields for crops like rice and vegetables. Regular application increases photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, and disease resistance in plants.
1) The document discusses the role of Panchagavya, a liquid formulation made from cow's five products, in crop growth. It provides details on the ingredients, method of preparation, composition, recommended doses and effects of Panchagavya on various crops like rice, maize and sorghum.
2) Research findings from several studies show that application of Panchagavya increases growth, yield and nutritional quality of crops like blackgram, chickpea, cowpea and babycorn. Optimal doses and stages of application are identified.
3) Some constraints in adopting Panchagavya include lack of awareness, contamination risks, slow action and limited availability. Further research is needed
Role of traditional organic liquid formulations in organic farmingkoushalya T.N
Traditional organic liquid formulations like beejamrutha, jeevamrutha, vermiwash, panchagavya, and cow urine can play an important role in organic farming by providing nutrients to soils and crops. These formulations are made from locally available materials like cow dung, urine, milk and help improve soil health and fertility while providing balanced nutrition to crops with few disadvantages like possible odors. Studies show these liquid formulations increase yields and farmer incomes while reducing costs when compared to chemical methods. Their easy preparation and use of local materials also make them suitable for rural farmers.
Panchagavya is an organic product made from five cow products that has benefits for organic farming. Studies have shown Panchagavya can increase crop yields when used as a foliar spray or by mixing it into irrigation water. One study found application of Panchagavya increased rice yields by 250g per plant. Another study saw increases of 167.8 kg/ha in grain yields and 1.75 t/ha in straw yields from Panchagavya use. Studies on cowpea also observed increased growth, yields, and profits with Panchagavya application. Panchagavya is beneficial for farmers as it can restore soil health and yields without chemicals at low cost.
What is Panchgavya?
ORGANIC PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY
COW PRODUCT
PROCEDURE
PHYSIOCHEMICAL COMPOSITION
EFFECT OF PANCHGAVYA IN SOIL AND CROP
preparation of panchgavya,
This study examined the effect of Panchagavya, a liquid mixture made from cow products, on the microbial degradation of vegetable and fruit wastes during vermicomposting. The vermicomposts produced with Panchagavya had higher microbial activity, as well as improved pH, carbon/nitrogen ratio, organic carbon, nitrogen and other nutrient levels compared to those without Panchagavya. The results indicate that Panchagavya enhanced the microbial decomposition and nutrient mineralization of wastes during composting.
- Panchakaviya is a mixture used in Hindu rituals made by mixing five cow-derived products: cow dung, urine, milk, curd, and ghee. It is allowed to ferment for one month.
- According to ancient Ayurvedic texts, each component has medicinal properties and benefits health. It is also used in organic farming to promote plant growth and provide immunity.
- When properly prepared and applied, research has shown Panchakaviya increases crop yields, enhances drought tolerance, and improves plant growth, stem strength, root development, and shelf life of crops.
This document provides instructions for making Panchagavya, a natural fertilizer and pesticide made from cow products. It lists the ingredients as fresh cow dung, ghee, urine, milk, curd, sugarcane juice, coconut water, banana, and toddy or yeast for fermentation. The ingredients are mixed and stirred daily for 19 days. Panchagavya can then be used as a foliar spray, soil application, or for seed treatment to promote plant growth and increase yields for crops like rice and vegetables. Regular application increases photosynthesis, nutrient uptake, and disease resistance in plants.
1) The document discusses the role of Panchagavya, a liquid formulation made from cow's five products, in crop growth. It provides details on the ingredients, method of preparation, composition, recommended doses and effects of Panchagavya on various crops like rice, maize and sorghum.
2) Research findings from several studies show that application of Panchagavya increases growth, yield and nutritional quality of crops like blackgram, chickpea, cowpea and babycorn. Optimal doses and stages of application are identified.
3) Some constraints in adopting Panchagavya include lack of awareness, contamination risks, slow action and limited availability. Further research is needed
Role of traditional organic liquid formulations in organic farmingkoushalya T.N
Traditional organic liquid formulations like beejamrutha, jeevamrutha, vermiwash, panchagavya, and cow urine can play an important role in organic farming by providing nutrients to soils and crops. These formulations are made from locally available materials like cow dung, urine, milk and help improve soil health and fertility while providing balanced nutrition to crops with few disadvantages like possible odors. Studies show these liquid formulations increase yields and farmer incomes while reducing costs when compared to chemical methods. Their easy preparation and use of local materials also make them suitable for rural farmers.
Organic Fertilizer 3 | Fermented Plant Juice (FPJ)Kirk Go
The Fermented Plant Juice Production Guide is published by the Department of Agriculture (Agricultural Training Institute).
Steps in producing Fermented Plant Juice as well as application rates and usage are discussed.
This document discusses Panchakavya, an organic fertilizer made from cow products. Panchakavya is made by mixing cow dung, urine, milk, curd, ghee, banana, tender coconut, and water. It is left to ferment for 15-20 days. Regular mixing is important during fermentation. Panchakavya has a pH of 5.45 and contains nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. It also contains beneficial microbes. When used as a 30% foliar spray, Panchakavya improves plant leaf growth, stems, roots, yield, and drought resistance for many commercial crops like acid lime, guava, banana, turmeric, and
Presentation of RAWE & AIA Harichandra Singh.pptxहरिश ठकुरी
This document summarizes the rural agricultural work experience and agro-industrial attachment of Mr. Harichandra Singh. It describes his training in organic farming techniques like preparing panchagavya and his experience with remote sensing and GIS tools. It also outlines his off-campus training, including working with plant clinics to identify diseases, internships at a food processing center and village visits to understand farmer challenges. His unit attachment involved field visits, participating in farmer training programs and seminars to support local agricultural development projects. The program provided hands-on learning opportunities for Mr. Singh across various areas of agriculture.
The student completed an entomology module focused on the mass production of bio-agents and bio-pesticides. Over the course of the module, the student learned how to prepare the fungus Metarhizium as a bio-pesticide through processes like media preparation, inoculation, and quality control testing. The student also gained experience rearing laboratory hosts and extending this knowledge to farmers through demonstration and guidance on using bio-control agents. An economic analysis of the module's 3-month production indicated a net profit of Rs. 167042 and a benefit-cost ratio of 1.17:1.
Cucumbers are an important crop that are a good source of potassium and various antioxidants. They prefer light, well-drained soils and temperatures between 20-28°C for optimal growth and production. Common diseases include downy mildew and powdery mildew. Management involves growing resistant varieties, maintaining good airflow, removing crop debris, and applying fungicides like mancozeb. Popular varieties in India include Pusa Sanyog, Pusa Uday, and Japanese Long Green.
Shove is a 360 degree solution for all the issues related to soil. It increases the fertility of soil as well as gives a better taste and shelf life to all the crops.
Fermented plant juice (FPJ) is made by mixing young plant materials like leaves, fruits, and grasses with crude sugar or molasses, then storing and fermenting the mixture. The fermented liquid contains beneficial microorganisms and can be applied to plants and soil to promote growth, or used as livestock drink or bedding spray to increase microbial activity and nutrient absorption. FPJ is produced by chopping and mixing plant materials with sugar in a bag, compressing the bag, sealing it to ferment for 7 days, then extracting and storing the brown, sweet-smelling liquid.
This document discusses the production technology of stevia. It describes that stevia is a perennial herb known for its sweet leaves and zero calories. It contains compounds that are sweetening. The document outlines the nutritional value, economic importance for its high profits, medicinal uses including regulating blood pressure and blood sugar. It details the time and methods for cultivating stevia including land preparation, sowing, irrigation, fertilizers, weed management, harvesting and drying the leaves to obtain yields.
Nano-GroTM is a homeopathic pre-planting treatment for plants containing very low concentrations of various minerals that is claimed to increase yields by 20% on average, enhance nutritional values, and strengthen plant health and immunity. Trials showed increased yields ranging from 17-80% for various crops as well as faster growth, earlier fruiting, and greater resistance to pests and weather impacts. The treatment involves soaking or spraying seeds and seedlings with a water solution of Nano-GroTM pellets prior to planting.
Produce Organic Concoctions and Extracts
The learner demonstrates an understanding of the basic concepts, underlying theories, and principles in the production of various concoction and extracts.
Advances in flower regulation and fruiting management of vegetables in protec...Basavaraj Panjagal
This document discusses advances in regulating flowering and fruit production of vegetable crops under protected cultivation. It provides information on ideal temperature, light, nutrient, and pollination conditions for crops like tomato, pepper, cucumber, and melon to optimize flowering and fruit set. It also discusses training techniques, pruning, thinning, and the use of plant growth regulators to control flowering and increase yields of these crops under protected structures. Several studies investigating the effects of temperature, light quality, pollination methods, and plant growth regulators on crop flowering and production are summarized.
Transformation of tomato using CRISPER- CAS9 construct to enhance the shelf l...ShreyasGowda87
This document summarizes a student project to transform tomato plants using CRISPR-Cas9 to enhance shelf life. The objectives are to standardize tomato hypocotyl regeneration and optimize genetic transformation using a CRISPR construct targeting two tomato pectate lyase genes. The methodology involves germinating tomato seeds, taking hypocotyl explants, co-cultivating with Agrobacterium containing the CRISPR construct, regenerating plants on selection media, and rooting regenerants to obtain transgenic plants with increased shelf life. Preliminary results showed regeneration of putative transgenic shoots from several batches of explants.
This document provides information about mushroom cultivation. It discusses Mr. Mushroom's vision of mushrooms for all seasons and their mission to create affordable livelihoods. It then covers topics like the classes and factors influencing mushroom growth, the nutrition in edible mushrooms, and the state of the mushroom industry in Central Luzon, Philippines. The document outlines the stages of mushroom cultivation using tissue culture methods, including pure culture preparation, rapid multiplication, spawn preparation, and fruit production. It also discusses culture media, tissue culture procedures, spawn media preparation, and mushroom houses.
Liquid organic manures are produced from fermented organic matter like crop residues, animal waste, and plant materials. They provide nutrients to plants and can act as pest control. While organic manures slowly release nutrients, a combination with other organic amendments like green manures and composts can better meet crop nutrient needs. Several types of liquid organic manures are described, including jeevamrutha, panchagavya, beejamrutha, biogas spent slurry, and their production methods and benefits are outlined.
Parnanetra Sanshodhanalay has established Ayurvedic organic farming techniques called "Anupaan Concept" since 1988. It researches and develops Ayurvedic formulations for plants and living beings. It manufactures and markets products like Anupaan, Anupaan-R, Pallav, Pallav-16 and AVR-100 to restore balance in plants, soil, and atmosphere according to Ayurvedic principles. These products have been tested successfully on various crops by multiple organizations.
Parnanetra Sanshodhanalay has established Ayurvedic organic farming techniques called "Anupaan Concept" since 1988. It researches and develops Ayurvedic formulations for plants and living beings. It manufactures and markets products like Anupaan, Anupaan-R, Pallav, Pallav-16 and AVR-100 to restore balance in plants, soil, and atmosphere according to Ayurvedic principles. These products have been tested successfully on various crops by multiple organizations.
Parnanetra Sanshodhanalay has established Ayurvedic organic farming techniques called "Anupaan Concept" since 1988. It researches and develops Ayurvedic formulations for plants and living beings. It manufactures and markets products like Anupaan, Anupaan-R, Pallav, Pallav-16 and AVR-100 to restore balance in plants, soil, and atmosphere according to Ayurvedic principles. These products have been tested successfully on various crops by multiple organizations.
Organic farming avoids synthetic fertilizers and pesticides and relies on organic materials like manure. Panchgavya is a bioenhancer used in organic farming that contains cow dung, urine, milk, curd and ghee fermented for 7 days. It provides nutrients and microorganisms to improve soil health and fertility while controlling pests and diseases, increasing yield and quality at low cost. Panchgavya can be applied as a 3% solution through spraying, seed/seedling treatment, or mixing with irrigation water. The total cost to produce panchgavya is approximately 1,675 rupees, making it an inexpensive input for organic farmers.
Seed treatment involves subjecting seeds to compounds, processes, or energy forms to enhance germination. There are physical (e.g. hot water), chemical, and biological seed treatments. Hot water treatment kills diseases but can damage old seeds. Scarification mechanically or chemically damages seed coats to allow water penetration. Stratification exposes seeds to temperatures to overcome dormancy. Chemical treatments use salts or other compounds. Ultrasound increases seed permeability and germination in some crops like chickpeas but decreases it in others like peppers. It is a non-chemical method that increases alpha-amylase and germination speed.
19212AGC101 Prakash Kumar Report on Organic Cultivation Of Kodo Millet PRAKASHKHURANA
Organic cultivation of Kodo millet involves growing the crop without synthetic pesticides or fertilizers. Crop rotation, companion planting, and organic fertilizers are used to control pests and enrich the soil. Kodo millet is a drought-resistant crop well-suited to dry, poor soils. It provides income for farmers and helps combat malnutrition through its nutritional value. The document discusses the preparation, planting, and care of organic Kodo millet crops.
Panchgavya Final presentation under Student Experiential Learning.pdfPRAKASHKHURANA
Panchgavya is a mixture made from five cow products - urine, milk, ghee, curd, and dung. It has various agricultural and medicinal benefits. When used as a fertilizer or spray, it improves soil fertility and plant growth by increasing nutrients in the soil and uptake by plants. It also benefits livestock - adding it to cow feed and water increases milk yield, and mixing it with poultry and fish feed improves growth and health. Several institutions in India research and promote the uses of panchgavya. In a case study, panchgavya application increased various metrics of rice plant growth and yield compared to untreated plants.
Organic Fertilizer 3 | Fermented Plant Juice (FPJ)Kirk Go
The Fermented Plant Juice Production Guide is published by the Department of Agriculture (Agricultural Training Institute).
Steps in producing Fermented Plant Juice as well as application rates and usage are discussed.
This document discusses Panchakavya, an organic fertilizer made from cow products. Panchakavya is made by mixing cow dung, urine, milk, curd, ghee, banana, tender coconut, and water. It is left to ferment for 15-20 days. Regular mixing is important during fermentation. Panchakavya has a pH of 5.45 and contains nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium. It also contains beneficial microbes. When used as a 30% foliar spray, Panchakavya improves plant leaf growth, stems, roots, yield, and drought resistance for many commercial crops like acid lime, guava, banana, turmeric, and
Presentation of RAWE & AIA Harichandra Singh.pptxहरिश ठकुरी
This document summarizes the rural agricultural work experience and agro-industrial attachment of Mr. Harichandra Singh. It describes his training in organic farming techniques like preparing panchagavya and his experience with remote sensing and GIS tools. It also outlines his off-campus training, including working with plant clinics to identify diseases, internships at a food processing center and village visits to understand farmer challenges. His unit attachment involved field visits, participating in farmer training programs and seminars to support local agricultural development projects. The program provided hands-on learning opportunities for Mr. Singh across various areas of agriculture.
The student completed an entomology module focused on the mass production of bio-agents and bio-pesticides. Over the course of the module, the student learned how to prepare the fungus Metarhizium as a bio-pesticide through processes like media preparation, inoculation, and quality control testing. The student also gained experience rearing laboratory hosts and extending this knowledge to farmers through demonstration and guidance on using bio-control agents. An economic analysis of the module's 3-month production indicated a net profit of Rs. 167042 and a benefit-cost ratio of 1.17:1.
Cucumbers are an important crop that are a good source of potassium and various antioxidants. They prefer light, well-drained soils and temperatures between 20-28°C for optimal growth and production. Common diseases include downy mildew and powdery mildew. Management involves growing resistant varieties, maintaining good airflow, removing crop debris, and applying fungicides like mancozeb. Popular varieties in India include Pusa Sanyog, Pusa Uday, and Japanese Long Green.
Shove is a 360 degree solution for all the issues related to soil. It increases the fertility of soil as well as gives a better taste and shelf life to all the crops.
Fermented plant juice (FPJ) is made by mixing young plant materials like leaves, fruits, and grasses with crude sugar or molasses, then storing and fermenting the mixture. The fermented liquid contains beneficial microorganisms and can be applied to plants and soil to promote growth, or used as livestock drink or bedding spray to increase microbial activity and nutrient absorption. FPJ is produced by chopping and mixing plant materials with sugar in a bag, compressing the bag, sealing it to ferment for 7 days, then extracting and storing the brown, sweet-smelling liquid.
This document discusses the production technology of stevia. It describes that stevia is a perennial herb known for its sweet leaves and zero calories. It contains compounds that are sweetening. The document outlines the nutritional value, economic importance for its high profits, medicinal uses including regulating blood pressure and blood sugar. It details the time and methods for cultivating stevia including land preparation, sowing, irrigation, fertilizers, weed management, harvesting and drying the leaves to obtain yields.
Nano-GroTM is a homeopathic pre-planting treatment for plants containing very low concentrations of various minerals that is claimed to increase yields by 20% on average, enhance nutritional values, and strengthen plant health and immunity. Trials showed increased yields ranging from 17-80% for various crops as well as faster growth, earlier fruiting, and greater resistance to pests and weather impacts. The treatment involves soaking or spraying seeds and seedlings with a water solution of Nano-GroTM pellets prior to planting.
Produce Organic Concoctions and Extracts
The learner demonstrates an understanding of the basic concepts, underlying theories, and principles in the production of various concoction and extracts.
Advances in flower regulation and fruiting management of vegetables in protec...Basavaraj Panjagal
This document discusses advances in regulating flowering and fruit production of vegetable crops under protected cultivation. It provides information on ideal temperature, light, nutrient, and pollination conditions for crops like tomato, pepper, cucumber, and melon to optimize flowering and fruit set. It also discusses training techniques, pruning, thinning, and the use of plant growth regulators to control flowering and increase yields of these crops under protected structures. Several studies investigating the effects of temperature, light quality, pollination methods, and plant growth regulators on crop flowering and production are summarized.
Transformation of tomato using CRISPER- CAS9 construct to enhance the shelf l...ShreyasGowda87
This document summarizes a student project to transform tomato plants using CRISPR-Cas9 to enhance shelf life. The objectives are to standardize tomato hypocotyl regeneration and optimize genetic transformation using a CRISPR construct targeting two tomato pectate lyase genes. The methodology involves germinating tomato seeds, taking hypocotyl explants, co-cultivating with Agrobacterium containing the CRISPR construct, regenerating plants on selection media, and rooting regenerants to obtain transgenic plants with increased shelf life. Preliminary results showed regeneration of putative transgenic shoots from several batches of explants.
This document provides information about mushroom cultivation. It discusses Mr. Mushroom's vision of mushrooms for all seasons and their mission to create affordable livelihoods. It then covers topics like the classes and factors influencing mushroom growth, the nutrition in edible mushrooms, and the state of the mushroom industry in Central Luzon, Philippines. The document outlines the stages of mushroom cultivation using tissue culture methods, including pure culture preparation, rapid multiplication, spawn preparation, and fruit production. It also discusses culture media, tissue culture procedures, spawn media preparation, and mushroom houses.
Liquid organic manures are produced from fermented organic matter like crop residues, animal waste, and plant materials. They provide nutrients to plants and can act as pest control. While organic manures slowly release nutrients, a combination with other organic amendments like green manures and composts can better meet crop nutrient needs. Several types of liquid organic manures are described, including jeevamrutha, panchagavya, beejamrutha, biogas spent slurry, and their production methods and benefits are outlined.
Parnanetra Sanshodhanalay has established Ayurvedic organic farming techniques called "Anupaan Concept" since 1988. It researches and develops Ayurvedic formulations for plants and living beings. It manufactures and markets products like Anupaan, Anupaan-R, Pallav, Pallav-16 and AVR-100 to restore balance in plants, soil, and atmosphere according to Ayurvedic principles. These products have been tested successfully on various crops by multiple organizations.
Parnanetra Sanshodhanalay has established Ayurvedic organic farming techniques called "Anupaan Concept" since 1988. It researches and develops Ayurvedic formulations for plants and living beings. It manufactures and markets products like Anupaan, Anupaan-R, Pallav, Pallav-16 and AVR-100 to restore balance in plants, soil, and atmosphere according to Ayurvedic principles. These products have been tested successfully on various crops by multiple organizations.
Parnanetra Sanshodhanalay has established Ayurvedic organic farming techniques called "Anupaan Concept" since 1988. It researches and develops Ayurvedic formulations for plants and living beings. It manufactures and markets products like Anupaan, Anupaan-R, Pallav, Pallav-16 and AVR-100 to restore balance in plants, soil, and atmosphere according to Ayurvedic principles. These products have been tested successfully on various crops by multiple organizations.
Organic farming avoids synthetic fertilizers and pesticides and relies on organic materials like manure. Panchgavya is a bioenhancer used in organic farming that contains cow dung, urine, milk, curd and ghee fermented for 7 days. It provides nutrients and microorganisms to improve soil health and fertility while controlling pests and diseases, increasing yield and quality at low cost. Panchgavya can be applied as a 3% solution through spraying, seed/seedling treatment, or mixing with irrigation water. The total cost to produce panchgavya is approximately 1,675 rupees, making it an inexpensive input for organic farmers.
Seed treatment involves subjecting seeds to compounds, processes, or energy forms to enhance germination. There are physical (e.g. hot water), chemical, and biological seed treatments. Hot water treatment kills diseases but can damage old seeds. Scarification mechanically or chemically damages seed coats to allow water penetration. Stratification exposes seeds to temperatures to overcome dormancy. Chemical treatments use salts or other compounds. Ultrasound increases seed permeability and germination in some crops like chickpeas but decreases it in others like peppers. It is a non-chemical method that increases alpha-amylase and germination speed.
19212AGC101 Prakash Kumar Report on Organic Cultivation Of Kodo Millet PRAKASHKHURANA
Organic cultivation of Kodo millet involves growing the crop without synthetic pesticides or fertilizers. Crop rotation, companion planting, and organic fertilizers are used to control pests and enrich the soil. Kodo millet is a drought-resistant crop well-suited to dry, poor soils. It provides income for farmers and helps combat malnutrition through its nutritional value. The document discusses the preparation, planting, and care of organic Kodo millet crops.
Panchgavya Final presentation under Student Experiential Learning.pdfPRAKASHKHURANA
Panchgavya is a mixture made from five cow products - urine, milk, ghee, curd, and dung. It has various agricultural and medicinal benefits. When used as a fertilizer or spray, it improves soil fertility and plant growth by increasing nutrients in the soil and uptake by plants. It also benefits livestock - adding it to cow feed and water increases milk yield, and mixing it with poultry and fish feed improves growth and health. Several institutions in India research and promote the uses of panchgavya. In a case study, panchgavya application increased various metrics of rice plant growth and yield compared to untreated plants.
19212AGC101 Prakash Kumar Organic Pearl Millet Bajra.pptxPRAKASHKHURANA
P1) The document summarizes an organic pearl millet cultivation project being conducted by an agriculture student. Key details include the plot size, variety planted, spacing used, fertilization with FYM and vermicompost, irrigation dates, growth stages and heights recorded over time for 4 plots.
P2) Tables show observations recorded at different growth stages like number of tillers, nodes, leaves, and panicle details. Overall population was 559 plants with an emergence rate of 85% and average of 3 effective tillers per plant.
P3) Recommendations are provided for critical irrigation stages, seedbed preparation, mulching, weed control, and insect management. Proper crop handling, weed removal
This document provides an acknowledgement and thanks to various individuals who provided support and guidance during the completion of an assignment. It expresses gratitude to professors for their mentorship and support. Thanks are also given to friends for their assistance. Finally, the document acknowledges the support of family members, especially parents, who provided motivation, encouragement, patience and served as the backbone throughout the work.
19212AGC101,PRAKASH KUMAR Parag VISIT Report and Parle JiPRAKASHKHURANA
The document provides a summary of Prakash Kumar's visit to Parag Dairy in Varanasi and Parle Ji biscuit manufacturing plant. It describes the 3-tier cooperative structure of Parag Dairy including village-level dairy cooperative societies (DCS), district-level unions, and state-level federations. It details the milk procurement, processing, and packaging operations at Parag Dairy including quality testing, pasteurization, and production of products like paneer, ghee, and flavored milk. It also summarizes the 6-step biscuit manufacturing process at Parle Ji including raw material testing, mixing, molding, baking, cooling, and packing.
Student Ready Program RAWE 19212AGC101,PRAKASH KUMAR ,SRP.pptxPRAKASHKHURANA
The document summarizes a student's presentation on the Student READY Programme (SRP-411), a government initiative to develop entrepreneurship skills in agricultural graduates. The key points covered include:
1) SRP-411 was launched in 2015 to make agriculture graduates employable and develop entrepreneurs for knowledge-intensive agriculture.
2) It aims to build skills like project development, decision-making, problem-solving and understanding markets and conflict resolution.
3) The presentation provides details of the student's visits to dairy, biscuit and seed companies, a village, research organizations and a discussion with farmers to learn about their challenges and potential solutions.
Physiology and chemistry of skin and pigmentation, hairs, scalp, lips and nail, Cleansing cream, Lotions, Face powders, Face packs, Lipsticks, Bath products, soaps and baby product,
Preparation and standardization of the following : Tonic, Bleaches, Dentifrices and Mouth washes & Tooth Pastes, Cosmetics for Nails.
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty, In...Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
Exploiting Artificial Intelligence for Empowering Researchers and Faculty,
International FDP on Fundamentals of Research in Social Sciences
at Integral University, Lucknow, 06.06.2024
By Dr. Vinod Kumar Kanvaria
How to Manage Your Lost Opportunities in Odoo 17 CRMCeline George
Odoo 17 CRM allows us to track why we lose sales opportunities with "Lost Reasons." This helps analyze our sales process and identify areas for improvement. Here's how to configure lost reasons in Odoo 17 CRM
Assessment and Planning in Educational technology.pptxKavitha Krishnan
In an education system, it is understood that assessment is only for the students, but on the other hand, the Assessment of teachers is also an important aspect of the education system that ensures teachers are providing high-quality instruction to students. The assessment process can be used to provide feedback and support for professional development, to inform decisions about teacher retention or promotion, or to evaluate teacher effectiveness for accountability purposes.
How to Build a Module in Odoo 17 Using the Scaffold MethodCeline George
Odoo provides an option for creating a module by using a single line command. By using this command the user can make a whole structure of a module. It is very easy for a beginner to make a module. There is no need to make each file manually. This slide will show how to create a module using the scaffold method.
ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, and GDPR: Best Practices for Implementation and...PECB
Denis is a dynamic and results-driven Chief Information Officer (CIO) with a distinguished career spanning information systems analysis and technical project management. With a proven track record of spearheading the design and delivery of cutting-edge Information Management solutions, he has consistently elevated business operations, streamlined reporting functions, and maximized process efficiency.
Certified as an ISO/IEC 27001: Information Security Management Systems (ISMS) Lead Implementer, Data Protection Officer, and Cyber Risks Analyst, Denis brings a heightened focus on data security, privacy, and cyber resilience to every endeavor.
His expertise extends across a diverse spectrum of reporting, database, and web development applications, underpinned by an exceptional grasp of data storage and virtualization technologies. His proficiency in application testing, database administration, and data cleansing ensures seamless execution of complex projects.
What sets Denis apart is his comprehensive understanding of Business and Systems Analysis technologies, honed through involvement in all phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC). From meticulous requirements gathering to precise analysis, innovative design, rigorous development, thorough testing, and successful implementation, he has consistently delivered exceptional results.
Throughout his career, he has taken on multifaceted roles, from leading technical project management teams to owning solutions that drive operational excellence. His conscientious and proactive approach is unwavering, whether he is working independently or collaboratively within a team. His ability to connect with colleagues on a personal level underscores his commitment to fostering a harmonious and productive workplace environment.
Date: May 29, 2024
Tags: Information Security, ISO/IEC 27001, ISO/IEC 42001, Artificial Intelligence, GDPR
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Introduction to AI for Nonprofits with Tapp NetworkTechSoup
Dive into the world of AI! Experts Jon Hill and Tareq Monaur will guide you through AI's role in enhancing nonprofit websites and basic marketing strategies, making it easy to understand and apply.
Main Java[All of the Base Concepts}.docxadhitya5119
This is part 1 of my Java Learning Journey. This Contains Custom methods, classes, constructors, packages, multithreading , try- catch block, finally block and more.
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1. Institute of Agricultural Sciences
Department of Agronomy
Assignment
On
Panchagavya Preparation
Under the Supervision of
Dr. R.S. Meena Sir
SUBMITTED BY
Prakash kumar
ID- 19212AGC101 Enrolment -412197
2. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Apart from my efforts, the success of any work mostly
depends on the encouragement & guidance of others. I would
like to express my sincere gratitude to the people who have
given me golden opportunity to learn new things via this
programs & given their valuable guidance & encouragement
in successful completion of this assignment.
My special thanks to respected professor Dr. R.N. Meena for
mentoring my assignment. I show my greatest gratitude to
them for their tremendous support & help. I always feel
motivated & encouraged after working under their guidance &
without them this assignment would have been materialize.
I would also thank my friends for the tremendous support in
completion the assignment. I would like to thanks the
omnipotent god & a friend who helped me directly or
indirectly in my assertation work.
I would like to express my sincere gratitude to my family for
their love, patience, encouragement & understanding. My
parents are the source of my motivation & inspiration
throughout my work. They act as backbone in my entire life.
3. ▪ Panchagavya is an organic product having the potential to
promoting growth and providing immunity in plant system
▪ Panchagavya consists of five cow products viz. cow dung,
cow urine, milk, curd, ghee
▪ When suitably mixed and used, “these have miraculous
effects” Panchagavya
Why Panchagavya?
❖When inorganic systems change in organic farming then
yield reduce. But Panchagavya have the capacity to restore the
efficacy of yield level
❖It can be easily prepared by farmers at low
❖No need of special techniques
➢Used as a growth-promoter
➢Safeguards plants and soil micro-organisms
➢Plants produce largest leaves and develops denser canopy
➢Plant produce more branches
➢Rooting is penetrating to deep layers and helps in better
intake of nutrients and water
➢ Plants are able to stand protected in drought conditions
Benefits of Panchagavya
Ingredients-
Fresh cow dung 5 kg Cow ghee 1 kg Cow urine 3 lit. Cow milk
2 lit. Cow curd 2 kg = (13 kg) Alternative ingredients
For better quaility mixed the sugarcane juice= 3 lit.
Tender coconut water = 3 lit.
Ripe bananas = 12
4. * If sugarcane juice not available we can mix 500gm juggery
dissolve in 3 lit. Water
Procedure-
Take a wide mouth plastic, clay or wooden container. Do NOT
use a metal container. We have taken clay pot available at
farm. Make sure it’s clean and sundry it for a day or two to
sterilize it.
• Mix the cow dung and ghee in the container using a wooden
stick. Again, do not use any metal here.
Mix the cow dung and ghee in the container using a wooden
stick. Again, do not use any metal here. Stir in clockwise
direction in a rhythmic motion. Then stir in anti-clockwise
direction. Do not mix vigorously. It will kill the beneficial
microbes in cow dung.
• Cover the container using thick cloth to protect it from insects.
Leave this mixture for three days. Keep it away from direct
sunlight and rain. Give it a stir once in the morning and once in
the evening. Twelve times in each direction works well.
5. • On the fourth day slowly stir in all other ingredients. Make
sure you are mixing them in while stirring the mixture in a single
direction slowly.
Leave this to ferment for 15 days. Give it a stir once in the
morning and once in the evening. Store it in a place away from
direct sun and rain. Keep it covered and give it a stir two times
a day.
Physio-chemical properties of Panchagavya
Chemical
composition
Microbial load
6. pH 5.45 Fungi 38800/ml
EC dSm2 10.22 Bacteria 1880000/ml
Total N (ppm) 229 Lactobacillus 2260000/ml
Total P (ppm) 209 Total
anaerobes
10000/ml
Total K (ppm) 232 Acid Formers 360/ml
Sodium 90 Methanogen 250/ml
Calcium 25
IAA (ppm) 8.5
GA (ppm) 3.5
Times of application-
➢Pre flowering phase: once in 15 days, two sprays depending
upon duration of crops
➢Flowering and pod setting stage: once in 10 days, two sprays
➢Fruit/pod maturation stage: once during pod maturation.
Application systems
➢On standing crop 3% solution are more effective. ➢It doses
not harmfully in higher and lower concentration. ➢When
sprayed with power sprayer, solution is to be filtered. Spray
system
The solution of Panchagavya can be mixed with irrigation water
at 50 litres per hectare.
Seed treatment & storage-
➢ In 3% solution can be soaked the seeds or dip the
seedlings for 20 minutes before planting.
➢ Rhizomes of Turmeric, Ginger and sets of Sugarcane
can be soaked for 30 minutes before planting.
➢ 3% of Panchagavya solution can be used to dip the
seeds before drying and storing them.
➢The rooting is profuse and dense.
7. ➢Further they remain fresh for a long time.
On roots Effect of Panchagavya -
➢The roots spread and grow into deeper layers
➢All such roots help maximum intake of nutrients and
water.
On stem
The trunk produces side shoots, which are sturdy and
capable of carrying maximum fruits on maturity.
Branching is comparatively high.
On Leaf
Plants sprayed with Panchagavya invariably produce
bigger leaves
Plant develops denser canopy.
The photosynthetic system is activated for enhanced
biological efficiency.
Yield
➢When the land is converted to organic farming from
inorganic systems of culture there will be yield depression
under normal condition
➢ Then Panchagavya is restore the efficacy of yield level
➢The crops ready to harvest is advanced by 15 days
➢It not only enhances the shelf life of vegetables, fruits
and grains, but also improves the taste.
Storage of Panchagavya
❖Can be stored for 6 months without deterioration in
quality
❖It stir daily (Mor./Eve.) To keep Panchagavya to avoid
thickness
❖Add cow urine, when solution become thick
Case Study-
8. Krishnapriya et al., (2011) studied the effect of Panchagavya
on the growth and biochemical contents of Oryza Sativa var.
Ponni
Method: - ➢Panchagavya prepared
➢Applied through flow irrigation on the 15,30,45, and 60 DAS
(Day after sowing).
Table- Growth & Yield attributes of Oryza sativa Var. ponni
Parameters Panchagavya
amended soil
Control
Shoot length (cm) 17.2 16.4
Height of the plant
(cm)
128 117
No. of grains in
each spikelet
205 87
No. of spikelets 21 16
Weight of the
spikelets(g)
90 75
1000 grains
weight(g)
450 357
Table- Biochemical analysis of Oryza sativa Var. ponni
grains
Biochemical
contents (250g)
Panchagavya
amended soil
Control
Protein(g) 19 12
Carbohydrates (g) 169 155
2nd Case Study-
Thirumeninathan et al., (2017) Studied on cowpea they
showed the response of Panchagavya foliar spray on growth,
Yield and economics of fodder cowpea
9. They used several treatments for their experiment which are as
follows: -
T1- Control,
T2 – Recommended Dose Fertilizer (RDF) (25: 40: 20 NPK/ha)
T3 – Panchagavya spray 2% @ 10 days interval
T4 - Panchagavya spray 3% @ 10 days interval
T5 - Panchagavya spray 2% @ 15 days interval
T6 - Panchagavya spray 3% @ 15days interval
T7 - Panchagavya spray 2% @ 20 days interval
T8 - Panchagavya spray 3% @ 20 days interval
Table- Effect of Panchagavya on growth, leaf- Stem ratio,
Yield & Economics of fodder Cowpea
Treatments Plan
t
heig
ht
(cm)
Lea
f &
Ste
m
rati
o
Gree
n
Fora
ge
Yield
(t/ha)
Dry
Matter
Yield(t/
ha)
Cros
s
Retu
rn
(Rs/h
a)
Net
retur
n
(Rs/h
a)
B:C
Rat
io
T1- Control 84.8
7
0.7
5
23.93 3.13 2900
0
1135
0
1.6
4
T2-
Recommend
ed Dose
Fertilizer
(25N:40P:20
K/ha)
121.
90
0.7
8
28.80 6.44 5660
0
3308
3
2.4
1
T3-
Panchagavy
a spray 2%
@ 10 days
interval
101.
47
0.8
1
24.80 46.97 4960
0
2935
0
2.4
5
T4- 113. 0.8 26.93 51.76 5380 3395 2.6
10. Panchagavy
a spray 3%
@ 10 days
interval
50 8 0 0 4
T5-
Panchagavy
a spray 2%
@ 15 days
interval
95.8
3
0.7
8
24.10 42.95 4820
0
2795
0
2.3
2
T6-
Panchagavy
a spray 3%
@ 15 days
interval
108.
50
0.8
6
26.40 50.62 5280
0
3335
0
2.7
1
T7-
Panchagavy
a spray 2%
@ 20 days
interval
93.1
3
0.7
5
23.33 41.02 4780
0
2795
0
2.4
1
T8-
Panchagavy
a spray 3%
@ 20 days
interval
103.
43
0.8
1
25.46 48.21 5080
0
3135
0
2.5
4
S. Ed 6.33 0.0
5
9.72 4.50 - - -
CD (p=0.05) 7.57 0.1
0
2.085 0.96 - - -
Conclusion ➢Panchagavya is best product for increase crop
yield.
➢It is easily available for farmer at low cost.
➢It also increase soil fertility and take care of environment.