The student completed an entomology module focused on the mass production of bio-agents and bio-pesticides. Over the course of the module, the student learned how to prepare the fungus Metarhizium as a bio-pesticide through processes like media preparation, inoculation, and quality control testing. The student also gained experience rearing laboratory hosts and extending this knowledge to farmers through demonstration and guidance on using bio-control agents. An economic analysis of the module's 3-month production indicated a net profit of Rs. 167042 and a benefit-cost ratio of 1.17:1.

1. ACTUAL WORK EXPERIENCE
ENTOMOLOGY DEPARTMENT
(MASS PRODUCTION OF BIO-AGENTS AND BIO-PESTICIDES
Course no -SRP-EL-ENTO 406
Student’s name-Jyothsna.A
Reg.Number-K/17/095
Semester-VII
2021-2022

2. Introduction
India is a country rich in biological diversity. So, biological control of insects, weeds, and diseases
by using their natural enemies has been practiced in India from many years ago .Due to high success
rate, biological control has been used as a promising alternative to chemical control In our country.
entomology module was a great opportunity to know more about different bio-control agents and
its production. We learnt a lot things, which include the preparation Metarhizium bio-pesticide
preparation of the media for the growth of M.anisopliae ,rearing of laboratory hosts, quality control
testing methods etc.
TThe manager of this module is Dr. A S Bagade sir .This module was allotted to student’s batch of
40 which is subdivided into 2 batches of 20 students each. And each batch Is again divided into 4 group
containing 5 students in each group. the weekly schedule is assigned to each group.

3. For the proper allotment works for ESRP EL ENTO 406 mass production of bio agents and bio
pesticides the module in charge alloted the batches of each batch and and alote them working
schedule for each day. My group members were,
G.R Ghanvant S.S Gurgude P.C Jdav
Y. V Jangamwar Jyothsna A
Weekly schedule
Monday Mixing and packing
Tuesday Inoculation
Wednesday Media preparation
Thursday Lab cleaning
Friday Mixing and packing
Saturday Inoculation
Sunday Media preparation

4. Work performed
Preparation of metarhizium Rearing of mealy bud
Quality control testes
Rearing of Helicoverpa armigera
Other extension activities
Media preparation
Cleaning of lab and lab utensils
Rearing of Corcyra cephalonica

5. Lab cleaning
• Maintenance and cleaning of labs are very important to prevent contamination in culture at
laborataries. In the module we have to clean EPN lab, inoculation room,store room,and the
room where powder mixing take place.
• We also want to wash the lab utensils,used for Metarhizium culture preparation&media
preparation
Washing lab utensils Cleaning lab

6. Media preparation
Take 5L of water
and add 500 ml
of molasses into
it
Mix the solution
well with grinder
Add 100 ml of
the solution into
each conical
flasks
Cover it with
cotton plug.and
tie it with paper
and rubber
After that keep
the conical
flasks in the
autoclave
@121°c for 15
psi

7. Take the fully matured
culture and grind it
well
Mix the culture ell
with talcum powder
seive it twice with
mesh
Weighing of the
packets
Powder preparation and packing

8. Packed phule
metarhizium
Packing the
metarhizium packets
Keeping the packets
in the rack

9. Cook the potato pieces in 500
ml of water for 30 mints.
collect extract of cooked potato by
filtering through muslin cloth
add 20 g of dextrose to the extract Add agar –agar
Take 250 g potato peel off the
skin and cut it into small pieces
P. D. A Preparation

10. After cooling Pour into
petri-dish
Pour PDA into the
conical flasks
Covering the flask’s
mouth with paper
Autoclave the media for 15
psi pressure

11. Rearing of Corcyra cephalonica
• Take the wooden box of 45×30×15 cm and clean it properly.
• Sterilise the sorghum or wheat grains by oven for 30 minutes.and spray it with 0.1% of
formalin.
• Mill the grain to make 3-5 pieces of grains .
• Then fill the wooden box with,
1. 2.5kg of Crushed jowar or wheat grains
2. 25 g of crushed groundnut
3. 2g of protein
4. 1-1.5g of sulphur powder
5. 0.5 g of streptocyclin
6. 0.5 cc Corcyra cephalonica egg.
• Mix the materials properly after filling it in the box .and cover it with lid
• Keep it in the iron rack for 40-45 days
• After 45-50 days the moths of Corcyra cephalonica will emerge out
• Then collect the moths in the ovipositor cage.

12. Pupa formed
Filling container Mixing the ingredients
Adding eggs of rice moth

13. Rearing of Helicoverpa armigera
• Collected the larvae of H.armigera from chick pea field at pod formation stage.Collected
• Procedure for preparation of artificial diet
Then one cube is provided to each larvae for feeding
Then cut it into Cube size of 1×1×1 cm approximate
It allowed to cool
The grinded material mixed in agar-agar solution.this semi solid diet poured in a
aluminium tray
Then grinded the rest meterial in 300 ml water
We warmed agar-agar in 300ml water in a big container
First we waited Gram flour 105 gm.,distilled water 600ml,agar-agar 12.5gm,ascorbic acid-2gm
,sorbic acid-1gm,B-complex 1tablespoon.

15. Mass culturing of mealy Bug on red pumpkin
Pumpkin after mealy bug infestation
• Take a well developed red pumpkin with more no. of
furrows
• Dip it in the bavistin solution(0.1%) to prevent
contamination
• After drying fill the injuries or holes with paraffin wax
• Then tie the threads along with ridges which helps the
crawlers to crawl
• Then transfer the ovisacs of mealy bug to the
pumpkin with help of a camel hair brush
• Allow the mealy bugs for growth. And they develop
after 30-40 days

16. PDA media is
used for the
preparation of
mother culture.
Media is
sterilized at 121
degree celsius
for 30 min in
autoclave
Test tubes kept in
slanting position
Then it is
inoculated with
stock culture
Incubated at
room
temperature
PREPARATION OF
MOTHER
CULTURE

17. Inoculation
On the laminar airflow & on the UV light
for 20 minutes
On the daylight & sterilize surface & hand
with 0.1% Hgcl2
Lit spirit lamp and heat the needle
Insert hot needle on mother culture
Inoculate the media bottle with fungi
Seal the flask with cotton plug and keep in
the rack

18. Serial
dilution
Procedure
• Prepare 10 test tubes with 1oml of distilled water in one and 9 ml of distilled water in remaining test tubes(it
will be 10^-1 concentration )
• After that add 1g of Metarhizium powder in the first test tube.
• Shake it well to make a homogenous solution.
• Then puppet out 1ml of the dilutent from the first test tube and transfer it into the second test tube.
• Shake the test tube well.and again transfer 1ml of dilutent to the next test tube
• Repeat the process upto 10th test tube.
• The last test will be of 10^-10 concentration
Adding 1g of metarhizium powder into
10 ml water and shaking it
Pippeting out 1 ml of the solution Adding it into test tube containing 9ml of
distilled water

19. COLONY COUNTING
Transfer 1 ml of
dilutebt from
each test tube
of
concentration
10^-1 to 10^-
10 into petri
plates
Add small
quantity of PDA
into petri plates
Allow it to
solidify and tie it
with rubber
Keep it in B O
D Incubator for
5 days in
inverted
position
After 5 days
take colony
count on colony
counter

20. EXTENSION
ACTIVITIES
Giving information about metarhizium to
the farmers

21. Preparation of neem seed kernel extract
Method of preparation
 neem seed kernels are collected ,washed
,cleaned in pure water and shade dried for a few
days
The outer rind of seed is broken and kernels are
gathered and ground well as paste form
20 litre of water and 15 ml of soap solution are
added and kept undisturbed for overnight
Filter it and spray in the morning
Home activities

22. Method of preparation
 take a 200 litre vessel ( either plastic drum or similar ones)
Pour the water first
Submerge all 10 different leaves in the water
Pour cow urine and cow dung on top of the submerged leaves
Mix them well and leave it for 5 days
On the sixth day ,add 5-7 litre of water and again mix all the content in the vessel
Leave the same as it is for a month
The Dashparni ark is ready to use after filtering it
Preparation of Dashparni ark

23. Submerging the leaves Adding cow urine Adding cow dung Mixing it well

24. Business area coverage
Area covered by RCSM kolhapur entomology unit is all over kolhapur district and its 12 talukas and also nearby
districts. Of kolhapur. Also farmers from satara, sangli districts and from nipani districts of karnataka are coming
to buy the product
Distribution strategy
kolhapur is a district with majority population engaged in agriculture and large number of farmers were aware about
the mass production unit and bio-pesticides at AC kolhapur
Business networking is through contact with the farnmers,nursary growers,gardners,krishi seva kendra etc
Marketing channels
Department Farmers

25. Entomology module gave us opportunity to develop business networking skills being genuine,
, authentic and by building trust.
Focus
Empathy
Communication and
listening
Mutual support
Positive perspective
Diverse thinking
Business network skills acquired
Social skills

26. Communication and listening skills
Creative thinking
Teamwork and leadership skills
Ambition
Willingness to learn
Time management and organizational
skills
Customer service skills
courage and risk bearing
Entrepreneurship skills

27. MARKETING STRATEGY
• Marketing of the bio pesticide was done with the help of
folders,leaflets
1
• The rural agricultural work experience (Rawe) program is conducted
by universities for student where they spent 6 months in village and
guides farmers about the modern techniques in agriculture
2
• Organizes group discussion and lectures on the Agriculture topics by
professors of college, for awareness and guidance
3
• Visit to the field,mass discussion by agriculture professors and
scientist
4

28. SWOT Analysis
SWOT Analysis is a simple but useful framework for analyzing the organization's strengths,
weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. It helps us to build on what we do well, to address we you're
lacking, to minimize risks, and to take the greatest possible advantage of chances for success.
STRENGHTHS
Proper guidance
Better utilization of resources
Availability of adequate manpower
Customer reliability
Infrastructure availability
Better team work
WEAKNESS
Tedious legal procedure for registration
Regular application required
Lack of awareness of bio pesticides among
farmers
It’s efficiency depend upon the climate
Opportunities
Wide market of kolhapur
Chances of extending the business
coverage
High demand for bio agents
Threats
Risk of new entrant in market

29. Total cost Rs 9,39,376
Production of 3 months 5523 kg
Rate per kg Rs 200
Per kg cost of production 170.08 Rs /kg
Receipts for 3 Month Rs 1106400
Net profit Rs 167042
B.C ratio 1.17:1
Economic analysis

30. Thank you …