Panchagavya is an organic product made from five cow products that has benefits for organic farming. Studies have shown Panchagavya can increase crop yields when used as a foliar spray or by mixing it into irrigation water. One study found application of Panchagavya increased rice yields by 250g per plant. Another study saw increases of 167.8 kg/ha in grain yields and 1.75 t/ha in straw yields from Panchagavya use. Studies on cowpea also observed increased growth, yields, and profits with Panchagavya application. Panchagavya is beneficial for farmers as it can restore soil health and yields without chemicals at low cost.

2. Panchagavya an astonishing
product in organic farming
Submitted by:-
Mandeep Singh
Id No. – 16315
MSc.(AG)Seed Sci. & Tech

3. Introduction
▪ Organic farming
It is a type of farming which avoids the use of synthetic
fertilizers, pesticides, growth regulators, and livestock feed
additives.
Ali et al.(2011)

4. Organic why?
➢ Healthy food: Contains no toxic substances and also
produce tasty food
➢ Higher benefit cost ratio due to less external input use
and premium price (20-25%)
➢ Take care of environment

5. Principles of organic farming
❖ The principle of health – organic farming should
sustain and enhance the health of soil, plant, animal and
human
❖The principle of ecology – organic farming should be
based on living ecological systems and cycles, work
with sustain them
❖ The principle of fairness – organic farming should
build on relationships that ensure fairness with regard to
the common environment

6. Aim of organic farming
▪ Increase long-term soil fertility
▪ Control pests and diseases without harming the
environment
▪ Ensure water stays clean and safe
▪ Resources easily available to farmers at low cost
▪ Produce nutritious food and high quality crops to
sell at a good price

7. Organic farming system
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8. Affects of modern farming
➢Modern agriculture uses pesticides, herbicide, fungicides,
and harmful chemicals to produce the contamination food
➢Loss of soil fertility
➢Water contamination
➢Soil erosion
➢Reduce soil porosity
➢Loss of cultivated biodiversity
➢Habitat destruction
➢Threat to individual farmers

9. Differences

10. ▪ Panchagavya is an organic product having the potential to
promoting growth and providing immunity in plant system
▪ Panchagavya consists of five cow products viz. cow dung,
cow urine, milk, curd, ghee
▪ When suitably mixed and used, “these have miraculous
effects”
Panchagavya

11. Panchagavya why?
❖When inorganic systems change in organic farming then
yield reduce. But Panchagavya have the capacity to
restore the efficacy of yield level
❖It can be easily prepared by farmers at low
❖No need of special techniques

12. ➢Used as a growth-promoter
➢Safeguards plants and soil micro-organisms
➢Plants produce largest leaves and develops denser
canopy
➢Plant produce more branches
➢Rooting is penetrating to deep layers and helps in better
intake of nutrients and water
➢ Plants are able to stand protected in drought conditions
Benefits of Panchagavya

13. Ingredients
Fresh cow dung 5 kg
Cow ghee 1 kg
Cow urine 3 lit.
Cow milk 2 lit.
Cow curd 2 kg
= (13 kg)
Alternative ingredients
For better quaility mixed the sugarcane juice= 3 lit.
Tender coconut water = 3 lit.
Ripe bananas = 12
* If sugarcane juice not available we can mix 500gm
juggery dissolve in 3 lit. Water

14. Method of preparation
DAY 4th :-
On the 4th day add the rest of
ingredient and mix them
completely
* This solution must be stirred
daily( Mor./Eve.) At least for 15 mint
DAY 1st :-
First mix the cow dung and ghee
and keep it for 3 days
* Mix it daily( Mor./Eve) at least
for 15 mint

15. DAY 19th :-
On 19th day Panchagavya will
be ready to use
*The container must always be
kept covered with a mosquito net
or cotton cloth
Note:-
*Native Indian breed cow dung, urine, ghee, milk and
curd are the best over that of cross breed cow
(Ali et al.)

16. Properties of Panchagavya
Total N : 1.4%
Total P : 0.08%
Total K : 0.5%
Organic C : 14%
EC : 4.6
Ali et al.(2011)
pH
: 5.6

17. ➢Pre flowering phase : once in 15 days, two sprays
depending upon duration of crops
➢Flowering and pod setting stage : once in 10 days, two
sprays
➢Fruit/pod maturation stage : once during pod maturation.
Times of application

18. Crops Time schedule
Rice 10,15,30 and 50days after transplanting
Sunflower 30,45 and 60 days after sowing
Black gram Rain fed:- 1st flowering and 15 days after flowering
Irrigated:- 15, 25 and 40 days after sowing
Green gram 15, 25, 40 and 50 days after sowing
Castor 30 and 45 days after sowing
Groundnut 25 and 40 days after sowing
Okra 30, 45, 60 and 75 days after sowing
Tomato Nursery and 40 days after transplanting
Onion 0, 45 and 60 days after transplanting
Application times for different crops

19. ➢On standing crop 3% solution
are more effective.
➢It dose not harmfully in higher
and lower concentration.
➢When sprayed with power
sprayer, solution are to be filtered.
Spray system
Application systems

20. The solution of Panchagavya
can be mixed with irrigation
water at 50 liters per hectare.
Flow system
.

21. Seed treatment & storage
➢ In 3% solution can be soaked the
seeds or dip the seedlings for 20
minutes before planting.
➢ Rhizomes of Turmeric, Ginger
and sets of Sugarcane can be soaked for
30 minutes before planting.
➢ 3% of Panchagavya solution can
be used to dip the seeds before drying
and storing them.

22. ➢The rooting is profuse and dense.
➢Further they remain fresh for a
long time.
➢The roots spread and grow into
deeper layers
➢All such roots help maximum
intake of nutrients and water.
On roots
Effect of Panchagavya

23. The trunk produces side shoots,
which are sturdy and capable of
carrying maximum fruits on
maturity.
Branching is comparatively high.
On stem

24. Plants sprayed with Panchagavya invariably produce bigger
leaves
Plant develop denser canopy.
 The photosynthetic system is activated for enhanced
biological efficiency.
On leaf

25. ➢When the land is converted to organic farming from
inorganic systems of culture there will be yield depression
under normal condition
➢ Then Panchagavya is restore the efficacy of yield level
➢The crops ready to harvest is advanced by 15 days
➢It not only enhances the shelf life of vegetables, fruits and
grains, but also improves the taste
Yield

26. ❖Can be stored for 6 month without deterioration in quality
❖It stir daily (Mor./Eve.) To keep punchgavya to avoid
thickness
❖Add cow urine, when solution become thick
Storage of punchgavya

27. Case
Study

28. Krishnapriya et al.,(2011) studied the effect of Panchagavya on
the growth and biochemical contents of Oryza Sativa var. Ponni
Method :-
➢Panchagavya prepared
➢Applied through flow irrigation on the 15,30,45,and 60 DAS(Day
after sowing)
1

29. Krishnapriya et al.,(2011)
1
1
(250g)

30. Biochemical analysis of Panchagavya and Sanjibani and
their effect in crop yield and soil health
Ali et al.,(2011) studied on different crops they showed the effect
of Panchagavya and Sanjibani on crop yield
2
Method
T0 –control
T1- Panchagavya 3% foliar spray
T2 - They use sanjeevani 10% (cow dung 1kg, cow urine 1lit.
And water 2 lit.) foliar spray

31. Ali et al.,(2011)
167.80
1.75
24.23

32. 3
Thirumeninathan et al.,(2017) Studied on cowpea they showed the
response of Panchagavya foliar spray on growth, Yield and
economics of fodder cowpea
They used several treatments for their experiment which are as follows :-
T1- Control,
T2 – Recommended Dose Fertilizer (RDF) (25: 40: 20 NPK/ha)
T3 – Panchagavya spray 2% @ 10 days interval
T4 - Panchagavya spray 3% @ 10 days interval
T5 - Panchagavya spray 2% @ 15 days interval
T6 - Panchagavya spray 3% @ 15days interval
T7 - Panchagavya spray 2% @ 20 days interval
T8 - Panchagavya spray 3% @ 20 days interval

33. Thirumeninathan et al.,(2017)
Table - 4
2.71
28.80
26.40
2.41

34. Patel et al.,(2013) Worked on cowpea which showed the effect of
Panchagavya on growth and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.)
They used several treatments for their experiment which are as follows
T1 = RDF (25:40:20 NPK/ ha)
T2 = Soil application of Panchagavya (6 %) at 20 DAS,
T3 = Soil application of Panchagavya (6 %) at 20 & 40 DAS,
T4 = Foliar spray of Panchagavya (3 %) at 20 DAS,
T5 = Foliar spray of Panchagavya (3 %) at 40 DAS,
T6 = Foliar spray of Panchagavya (3 %) at 20 & 40 DAS,
T7 = Foliar spray of Panchagavya (6 %) at 20 DAS,
T8 = Foliar spray of Panchagavya (6 %) at 40 DAS,
T9 = Foliar spray of Panchagavya(6 %) at 20 & 40 DAS,
T10 = T2 + T5 and T11 = T2 + T8.
4

35. Patel et al.,(2013)
Table -5
2373
2267
1509
1395

36. Conclusion
➢Panchagavya is best product for increase crop yield
➢It is easily available for farmer at low cost
➢It is also increase soil fertility and take care of
environment

37. Thank you