Riley, Jenn. "Applying Digital Library Metadata Standards." Presentation sponsored by the Private Academic Library Network of Indiana (PALNI), May 9, 2006.
presentation on "CATALOGUING" during Training workshop in library science for staff of muktangan school libraries organised by muktangan school teacher reference library, mumbai on 15th November 2010
Techniques for Electronic Resource Management: Crowdsourcing for Best PracticesJill Emery
We invited interested librarians via social media venues such as Facebook, twitter, Tumblr & a wiki. Come learn how this experiment worked and participate in the development of capturing the best practices of electronic resource management. The TERMS Library Technology Report will be made available to attendees.
presentation on "CATALOGUING" during Training workshop in library science for staff of muktangan school libraries organised by muktangan school teacher reference library, mumbai on 15th November 2010
Techniques for Electronic Resource Management: Crowdsourcing for Best PracticesJill Emery
We invited interested librarians via social media venues such as Facebook, twitter, Tumblr & a wiki. Come learn how this experiment worked and participate in the development of capturing the best practices of electronic resource management. The TERMS Library Technology Report will be made available to attendees.
sample syllabus in Organization of Information Sources IICynthia Narra
Computer application to libraries, principles and technologies used in libraries and information centers to store and retrieve information in print and other formats. it offers a basic knowledge of information handling and processing.
Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules AACR2 to acquire an international adaptability.Cataloging & Classification.AACR1 and AACR2.AACR1 Anglo-American Cataloging Rules. North American text. Chicago: American Library Association, 1967.
AACR1, Chap. 12 Anglo-American Cataloging Rules. North American text. Chapter 12. Chicago: American Library
Association,
1975.
AACR2 Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules. 2nd ed. Chicago: American Library Association, 1
Introduction to MARC
History (MARC to MARC 21)
Why MARC 21/Need of MARC 21
Characteristics
Design principle for MARC 21
MARC 21 Documentation
MARC 21Record System
MARC 21 Communication formats
MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data
Component of bibliographic record
Communication Standard
Mapping of MARC 21
MARC 21 Translation
Maintenance Agency
MARC 21 Regulation
Advantage of MARC 21
Problems with MARC 21
Future of MARC 21
Lecture presented by Juan Martin Guasch at PAARL Seminar- workshop with the theme "Managing Today’s Learning Commons: Re-Skilling Seminar for Information Professionals" held on September 20-22, 2016 at the Crown Legacy Hotel, Kisad Road, Baguio City.
This PPT contain details of Z39.50 and useful for Library Science students. This protocol used for information retrieval and in the end list of different types of protocols are given.
101 crash course on the fundamentals of digitizing archival collections from start to finish
---
This introductory level presentation discusses the basics of digitizing collections from start to finish. The author reveals some secrets as well as tips and tricks for achieving efficiency and sustainability of digital projects. All libraries have unique collections that deserve to gain more publicity. This crash course targets librarians passionate to learn how to create efficient workflows and explains in details all steps involved in digitization - from selection, through preparation, digitization, object description (metadata) to publishing online.
sample syllabus in Organization of Information Sources IICynthia Narra
Computer application to libraries, principles and technologies used in libraries and information centers to store and retrieve information in print and other formats. it offers a basic knowledge of information handling and processing.
Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules AACR2 to acquire an international adaptability.Cataloging & Classification.AACR1 and AACR2.AACR1 Anglo-American Cataloging Rules. North American text. Chicago: American Library Association, 1967.
AACR1, Chap. 12 Anglo-American Cataloging Rules. North American text. Chapter 12. Chicago: American Library
Association,
1975.
AACR2 Anglo-American Cataloguing Rules. 2nd ed. Chicago: American Library Association, 1
Introduction to MARC
History (MARC to MARC 21)
Why MARC 21/Need of MARC 21
Characteristics
Design principle for MARC 21
MARC 21 Documentation
MARC 21Record System
MARC 21 Communication formats
MARC 21 Format for Bibliographic Data
Component of bibliographic record
Communication Standard
Mapping of MARC 21
MARC 21 Translation
Maintenance Agency
MARC 21 Regulation
Advantage of MARC 21
Problems with MARC 21
Future of MARC 21
Lecture presented by Juan Martin Guasch at PAARL Seminar- workshop with the theme "Managing Today’s Learning Commons: Re-Skilling Seminar for Information Professionals" held on September 20-22, 2016 at the Crown Legacy Hotel, Kisad Road, Baguio City.
This PPT contain details of Z39.50 and useful for Library Science students. This protocol used for information retrieval and in the end list of different types of protocols are given.
101 crash course on the fundamentals of digitizing archival collections from start to finish
---
This introductory level presentation discusses the basics of digitizing collections from start to finish. The author reveals some secrets as well as tips and tricks for achieving efficiency and sustainability of digital projects. All libraries have unique collections that deserve to gain more publicity. This crash course targets librarians passionate to learn how to create efficient workflows and explains in details all steps involved in digitization - from selection, through preparation, digitization, object description (metadata) to publishing online.
Introduction to Metadata for IDAH FellowsJenn Riley
Riley, Jenn. “Introduction to Metadata for IDAH Fellows.” Presentation to Indiana University Institute for Digital Arts & Humanities staff and faculty fellows, April 9, 2010.
Moving from a Locally-Developed Data Model to a Standard Conceptual ModelJenn Riley
Riley, Jenn. "Moving from a Locally-Developed Data Model to a Standard Conceptual Model." International Conference of the International Society for Knowledge Organization, Montreal, Quebec, Canada, August 6, 2008.
The Canadian Linked Data Initiative: Charting a Path to a Linked Data FutureNASIG
As libraries prepare to shift away from MARC to a linked data framework, new convergences in the metadata production activities of our libraries' technical services units, special collections, and digital libraries are becoming possible. In September 2015, the Canadian Linked Data Initiative (CLDI) was formed to leverage the existing collaboration between the Technical Services departments of Canada’s top 5 research libraries and the Library and Archives of Canada. Working cooperatively, our objective is to provide a path to linked data readiness for our institutions and leadership for the adoption of linked data by libraries across Canada. To achieve this goal, partner libraries are working across departments and institutions to create new workflows and tools and adapt to a new conceptual understanding of descriptive metadata. This presentation is a preliminary report on the progress made in five key areas of interest: digital collections, education and training, MARC record enhancement, evaluation of linked data tools and vendor supplied metadata. Building on existing initiatives, the CLDI is investigating the potential of integrating linked data elements into digitized collections, as well as MARC-based bibliographic and authority records, with the aim of fostering new and interesting pathways for resource discovery. To strengthen and expand the professional knowledge of staff, partner institutions are collaborating in the production of educational and training materials related to linked data principles and practices. The evaluation and potential development of linked data tools is another area of concentration. Finally, with the goal of changing workflows upstream, the CLDI is working to engage publishers and vendors in the linked data conversation. In addition to reporting on the work undertaken in the first year of the project, this presentation will also cover lessons learned and outline some of the new opportunities gained from working on a collaborative project that spans across multiple boundaries.
Marlene van Ballegooie, Metadata Librarian,
University of Toronto
Juliya Borie, University of Toronto Libraries
Andrew Senior, Coordinator,
E-Resources and Serials, McGill University
Introduction to Metadata for IDAH FellowsJenn Riley
Riley, Jenn. "Introduction to Metadata for IDAH Fellows." Presentation to Indiana University Institute for Digital Arts & Humanities staff and faculty fellows, December 5, 2008.
Presented at the OCLC Research Library Partnership meeting by Senior Program Officer, Karen Smith-Yoshimura and hosted by the University of Sydney in Sydney, NSW Australia, 17 February 2017. This meeting provided an opportunity for Research Library Partners to touch base with each other on issues of common concern and explore possible areas of future engagement with the OCLC Research Library Partnership and OCLC Research.
This presentation was provided by
Priscilla Caplan of The Florida Center for Library Automation and Jeremy York of The University of Michigan Library, during the NISO Webinar "What It Takes To Make It Last: E-Resources Preservation" held on February 10, 2011.
This presentation was provided by Jackie Shieh of The Smithsonian Libraries, during the NISO webinar "Implementing Linked Library Data," held on November 13, 2019.
Introduction to Metadata for IDAH FellowsJenn Riley
Riley, Jenn. "Introduction to Metadata for IDAH Fellows." Presentation to Indiana University Institute for Digital Arts & Humanities staff and faculty fellows, March 13, 2009.
"Filling the Digital Preservation Gap" with ArchivematicaJenny Mitcham
A webinar given by Jenny Mitcham and Simon Wilson to Digital Preservation Coalition members on 25th November 2015. It describes work underway in the "Filling the Digital Preservation Gap" project using Archivematica to preserve research data
What do you want to discover today? / Janet Aucock, University of St AndrewsCIGScotland
Overview of resource discovery in libraries today. Presented at the CIG Scotland seminar 'Resource Discovery : from catalogues to discovery services' at the National Library of Scotland, Edinburgh, 21st March 2018
A FAIR Approach to Publishing and Sharing Machine Learning ModelsBen Blaiszik
While there has been a significant increase in the amount of machine learning research across various domains of science, the processes to publish the results and make the resulting models and code available for reuse has been lacking. In this talk, we discuss FAIR data principles applied to machine learning models and how the Data and Learning Hub for Science (DLHub) can help make models more easily discoverable and usable in common scientific workflows. Visit https://www.dlhub.org for more information.
Designing the Garden: Getting Grounded in Linked DataJenn Riley
Riley, Jenn. “Designing the Garden: Getting Grounded in Linked Data.” Beyond the Looking Glass: Real World Linked Data. What Does it Take to Make it Work? ALCTS Preconference, San Francisco, CA, June 26, 2015.
Riley, Jenn. “Launching metaware.buzz.” Panelist, Experimental Scholarly Publishing: Building New Models with Distributed Communities of Practice”, Digital Library Federation Forum, October 28, 2014, Atlanta, GA.
Riley, Jenn. “Getting Comfortable with Metadata Reuse.” O Rare! Performance in Special Collections: The 54th Annual RBMS Preconference, Minneapolis, June 23 – 26, 2013
The Open Archives Initiative and the Sheet Music ConsortiumJenn Riley
Dunn, Jon and Jenn Riley. “The Open Archives Initiative and the Sheet Music Consortium.” Digital Library Program Brown Bag Presentation, October 10, 2003.
Cushman Exposed! Exploiting Controlled Vocabularies to Enhance Browsing and S...Jenn Riley
Dalmau, Michelle and Jenn Riley. "Cushman Exposed! Exploiting Controlled Vocabularies to Enhance Browsing and Searching of an Online Photograph Collection." Digital Library Program Brown Bag Presentation, May 17, 2004.
Handout for Merging Metadata from Multiple Traditions: IN Harmony Sheet Music...Jenn Riley
Riley, Jenn. "Merging Metadata from Multiple Traditions: IN Harmony Sheet Music from Libraries and Museums." Digital Library Program Brown Bag Presentation, October 19, 2005.
Merging Metadata from Multiple Traditions: IN Harmony Sheet Music from Librar...Jenn Riley
Riley, Jenn. "Merging Metadata from Multiple Traditions: IN Harmony Sheet Music from Libraries and Museums." Digital Library Program Brown Bag Presentation, October 19, 2005.
Challenges in the Nursery: Linking a Finding Aid with Online ContentJenn Riley
Johnson, Elizabeth, and Jenn Riley. "Challenges in the Nursery: Linking a Finding Aid with Online Content." Digital Library Program Brown Bag Presentation, March 8, 2006.
Model Attribute Check Company Auto PropertyCeline George
In Odoo, the multi-company feature allows you to manage multiple companies within a single Odoo database instance. Each company can have its own configurations while still sharing common resources such as products, customers, and suppliers.
How to Split Bills in the Odoo 17 POS ModuleCeline George
Bills have a main role in point of sale procedure. It will help to track sales, handling payments and giving receipts to customers. Bill splitting also has an important role in POS. For example, If some friends come together for dinner and if they want to divide the bill then it is possible by POS bill splitting. This slide will show how to split bills in odoo 17 POS.
This is a presentation by Dada Robert in a Your Skill Boost masterclass organised by the Excellence Foundation for South Sudan (EFSS) on Saturday, the 25th and Sunday, the 26th of May 2024.
He discussed the concept of quality improvement, emphasizing its applicability to various aspects of life, including personal, project, and program improvements. He defined quality as doing the right thing at the right time in the right way to achieve the best possible results and discussed the concept of the "gap" between what we know and what we do, and how this gap represents the areas we need to improve. He explained the scientific approach to quality improvement, which involves systematic performance analysis, testing and learning, and implementing change ideas. He also highlighted the importance of client focus and a team approach to quality improvement.
The French Revolution, which began in 1789, was a period of radical social and political upheaval in France. It marked the decline of absolute monarchies, the rise of secular and democratic republics, and the eventual rise of Napoleon Bonaparte. This revolutionary period is crucial in understanding the transition from feudalism to modernity in Europe.
For more information, visit-www.vavaclasses.com
How to Create Map Views in the Odoo 17 ERPCeline George
The map views are useful for providing a geographical representation of data. They allow users to visualize and analyze the data in a more intuitive manner.
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfTechSoup
In this webinar you will learn how your organization can access TechSoup's wide variety of product discount and donation programs. From hardware to software, we'll give you a tour of the tools available to help your nonprofit with productivity, collaboration, financial management, donor tracking, security, and more.
Synthetic Fiber Construction in lab .pptxPavel ( NSTU)
Synthetic fiber production is a fascinating and complex field that blends chemistry, engineering, and environmental science. By understanding these aspects, students can gain a comprehensive view of synthetic fiber production, its impact on society and the environment, and the potential for future innovations. Synthetic fibers play a crucial role in modern society, impacting various aspects of daily life, industry, and the environment. ynthetic fibers are integral to modern life, offering a range of benefits from cost-effectiveness and versatility to innovative applications and performance characteristics. While they pose environmental challenges, ongoing research and development aim to create more sustainable and eco-friendly alternatives. Understanding the importance of synthetic fibers helps in appreciating their role in the economy, industry, and daily life, while also emphasizing the need for sustainable practices and innovation.
We all have good and bad thoughts from time to time and situation to situation. We are bombarded daily with spiraling thoughts(both negative and positive) creating all-consuming feel , making us difficult to manage with associated suffering. Good thoughts are like our Mob Signal (Positive thought) amidst noise(negative thought) in the atmosphere. Negative thoughts like noise outweigh positive thoughts. These thoughts often create unwanted confusion, trouble, stress and frustration in our mind as well as chaos in our physical world. Negative thoughts are also known as “distorted thinking”.
Unit 8 - Information and Communication Technology (Paper I).pdfThiyagu K
This slides describes the basic concepts of ICT, basics of Email, Emerging Technology and Digital Initiatives in Education. This presentations aligns with the UGC Paper I syllabus.
2. 5/6/06 PALNI Metadata Workshop2
Everything you need to know
about metadata on one slide
• Metadata is one view of a resource
• It’s more than cataloging
• It’s an essential part of any digital library
project
• The planning is as important as the
implementation
• Must choose the right tool for the job
• There are lots of acronyms
3. 5/6/06 PALNI Metadata Workshop3
Well, not really…
• “Metadata” means many different things
• It involves applying traditional library
principles to new environments
• These new environments are diverse
• Many of them have been developed for
specific knowledge domains
• Metadata planning requires thinking
abstractly
• There is always more to learn
4. 5/6/06 PALNI Metadata Workshop4
Many definitions of metadata
• “Data about data”
• “Structured information about an
information resource of any media type
or format.” (Caplan)
• “Any data used to aid the identification,
description and location of networked
electronic resources.” (IFLA)
• …etc.
5. 5/6/06 PALNI Metadata Workshop5
More definition
• Other characteristics
• Structure
• Control
• Origin
• Machine-generated
• Human-generated
• Data vs. metadata vs. meta-metadata
• Used in many different environments
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Metadata and cataloging
• Depends on what you mean by metadata and
cataloging!
• But, in general:
• Metadata is broader in scope than cataloging
• Much metadata creation takes place outside of
libraries
• Good metadata practitioners use fundamental
cataloging principles in non-MARC environments
• Metadata created for many different types of
materials
• Metadata is NOT only for Internet resources!
7. 5/6/06 PALNI Metadata Workshop7
Some uses of metadata
• By information specialists
• Describing non-traditional materials
• Cataloging Web sites
• Navigating digital objects
• Managing digital objects long-term
• Managing corporate assets
• By novices
• Preparing Web sites for search engines
• Describing Eprints
• Managing personal CD collections
8. 5/6/06 PALNI Metadata Workshop8
Building “Good digital
collections”*
• Interoperable – with the important goal
of cross-collection searching
• Persistent – reliably accessible
• Re-usable – repositories of digital
objects that can be used for multiple
purposes
*Institute for Museum and Library Services. A Framework of Guidance for Building
Good Digital Collections. Washington, D.C.: Institute for Museum and Library
Services, November 2001. http://www.niso.org/framework/Framework2.html
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Building “Good digital
collections”
• Interoperable – with the important goal
of cross-collection searching
• Persistent – reliably accessible
• Re-usable – repositories of digital
objects that can be used for multiple
purposes
Good metadata promotes good digital
collections.
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Metadata in digital library projects
• Searching
• Browsing
• Display for users
• Interoperability
• Management of digital objects
• Navigation
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Some types of metadata
Type Use
Descriptive metadata Searching
Browsing
Display
Interoperability
Technical metadata Interoperability
Digital object management
Structural metadata Navigation
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Creating descriptive metadata
• Digital library content management
systems
• ContentDM
• ExLibris Digitool
• Greenstone
• Library catalogs
• Spreadsheets & databases
• XML
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Creating other types of metadata
• Technical
• Stored in content management system
• Stored in separate Excel spreadsheet
• Structural
• Created and stored in content management
system
• METS XML
• GIS
• Using specialized software
• Content markup
• In XML
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Implementing metadata in digital
library projects
• Levels of control
• Planning your project
• Choosing standards
• Best practices
• Thinking about interoperability
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Levels of control
• Data structure standards (e.g., MARC)
• “Buckets” of information (fields)
• Both label and scope important
• Data content standards (e.g., AACR2)
• Selection, structure and formatting
of value within a field
• There are others as well
• Standards don’t always fall neatly into
one category
18. 5/6/06 PALNI Metadata Workshop18
Planning your project
• Work collaboratively with technical staff
• Think beyond your local system
• Commit to do it right the first time
• Assess
• Materials
• Currently existing metadata
• Capabilities of your software
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Assessing materials for ease of
metadata creation
• Number of items?
• Homogeneity of items?
• Foreign language?
• Published or unpublished?
• Specialist needed?
• How much information is known?
• Any existing metadata?
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Assessing currently existing
metadata
• Machine-readable?
• Divided into fields?
• What format?
• What content standards?
• Complete?
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Assessing software capabilities
• Are there templates for standard metadata
formats?
• Can you add/remove fields to a template?
• Can you create new templates?
• Can you add additional clarifying information
without creating a separate field?
• Personal vs. corporate names
• Subject vocabulary used
• Is there an XML export? Does it produce valid
records?
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Some factors to consider when
choosing metadata standards
• Genre of materials being described
• Format of materials being described
• Nature of holding institution
• Robustness needed for the given materials
and target users
• What others in your community are doing
• Formats supported by your delivery software
• Dublin Core can be a good choice, but
consider all options
• More information on handout
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Descriptive metadata schemas
• Purpose
• Description
• Discovery
• Some common general schemas
• MARC
• MODS
• Dublin Core
• MANY domain-specific schemas
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Comparison of major players
MARC
[book example]
MODS
[book example]
[photo example]
DC
[book example]
[photo example]
Record format
Binary
(ISO 2709)
XML XML and others
Field labels Numeric Text Text
Reliance on
AACR
Strong Implied None
Common
method of
creation
By specialists
By specialists and
by derivation
By specialists and
by novices
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MODS
• “Metadata Object Description Schema”
• Developed and maintained by the
Library of Congress
• For encoding bibliographic information
• Influenced by MARC, but not equivalent
• Much more robust than Dublin Core
• Quickly gaining adoption
• Base metadata format for DLF Aquifer
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Dublin Core (1)
• National and international standard
• 2001: Released as ANSI/NISO Z39.85
• 2003: Released as ISO 15836
• Maintained by the Dublin Core Metadata
Initiative (DCMI)
• Some important DCMI groups
• DCMI Working Groups
• DC Usage Board
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Dublin Core (2)
• 15-element set
• “Core” across all knowledge domains
• No element required
• All elements repeatable
• Extensible
• 1:1 principle
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Dublin Core (3)
• Two “flavors”
• Unqualified
• Qualified
• Additional elements
• Element refinements
• Encoding schemes (vocabulary and syntax)
• All qualifiers must follow “dumb-down” principle
• Most digital library software uses qualified DC
• Unqualified DC required for sharing metadata
via the Open Archives Initiative
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Data content standards
• Some types of data content standards
• Robust sets of rules (e.g., AACR2)
• Vocabulary encoding schemes
• Syntax encoding schemes
• Sometimes suggested by data structure
standard
• Some for individual elements, some for
multiple elements
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Some specialized metadata
standards
• Metadata formats
• Art & architecture
• Learning materials
• Markup languages
• Archival materials
• Full-text markup
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Art & architecture
• Visual Resources
Association (VRA)
Core
• Data structure standard
• From Visual Resources
Association
• Separates Work from
Image
• Library focus
• Inspiration from Dublin
Core
• Categories for the
Description of Works
of Art (CDWA) Lite
• Data structure standard
• From J. Paul Getty
Trust
• Museum focus
• Conceived for record
sharing
• Cataloging Cultural Objects (CCO)
• Data content standard
• From Visual Resources Association
• Leadership from both museums and libraries
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Learning materials
• Gateway to Educational Materials (GEM)
• From the U.S. Department of Education
• Based on Qualified Dublin Core
• Adds elements for instructional level, instructional method,
etc.
• “GEM's goal is to improve the organization and accessibility
of the substantial collections of materials that are already
available on various federal, state, university, non-profit, and
commercial Internet sites.”*
• IEEE Learning Object Metadata (LOM)
• Elements for technical and descriptive metadata about
learning resources
* From <http://www.thegateway.org/about/documentation/schemas>
35. 5/6/06 PALNI Metadata Workshop35
Archival materials
• Encoded Archival Description (EAD)
• For encoding full text of archival finding aids
• Requires specialized search engine
• Delivery requires specialized software or offline
conversion to HTML
• Describing Archives: A Content Standard
(DACS)
• Replaces APPM
• Can be used with EAD, MARC, etc…
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Full-text markup
• Text Encoding Initiative (TEI)
• TEI in Libraries
• For encoding full texts of documents
• Literary texts
• Letters
• Transcripts
• …etc.
• Requires specialized search engine
• Delivery requires specialized software or
offline conversion to HTML
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Other decisions to make
• Required?
• Repeatable?
• Field lengths
• Public vs. private information
• Unique, persistent identifiers
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No, really, how do I pick?
• It depends. Sorry.
• Be as robust as you can afford
• Plan for future uses of the metadata
you create
• Leverage existing expertise as much as
possible
• Focus on content and value standards
as much as possible
39. 5/6/06 PALNI Metadata Workshop39
Good practices for metadata
• Use library cataloging principles
whenever possible
• Enter one value per field; repeat fields
when necessary
• Clearly describe original vs. digitized
item
• Create clear relationships between
records
• Plan for interoperability
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Best practices for classes of
metadata elements
• Titles
• Names
• Dates
• Subjects/Topics
• Language
• Geographic places
• Identifiers
• Rights
• Types of resources
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Titles
• Provide a title in every record; supply
one if necessary, according to
established standards
• Express multiple titles in repeated fields
• Make the distinction between title and
sub-title clear through the metadata
format used or through standard
punctuation
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Names
• Include all known names expected by your
community of practice
• Format names consistently within a collection,
according to authority files or standards
expected by your community of practice
• Provide as granular an encoding of a name
as possible in the metadata schema being
used
• Express multiple names in repeated fields
43. 5/6/06 PALNI Metadata Workshop43
Dates
• Date elements should contain values
important for discovery of the resource by
end-users
• When providing multiple dates, clearly
indicate the relationship of each to the
resource, and repeat the relevant date
element for each date
• Include only easily-parsable values in date
elements
• Present dates in a consistent format,
according to established machine-readable
standards
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Subjects/Topics
• Choose subject values from relevant
controlled vocabularies consistently and
explicitly
• Repeat subject information in more
specific fields when they are available in
the metadata format being used
• Express multiple subjects in repeated
fields
45. 5/6/06 PALNI Metadata Workshop45
Language
• Supply a language element when
relevant to the resource
• Format the value of the language
element according to the rules of the
metadata format in use
• Express multiple titles in repeated fields
• Supply the language of the metadata
record only in a metadata element
specifically designed for this purpose
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Geographic places
• Choose geographic place values from
relevant controlled vocabularies
consistently and explicitly
• Provide an indication of a hierarchy of
geographic places when possible
47. 5/6/06 PALNI Metadata Workshop47
Identifiers
• Include recognized standard identifiers when
available
• Include a URI or DOI linking to the resource
when available
• Explicitly encode the nature of an identifier
provided
• Identifier must be unique within the repository
context
• Ensure persistence of the identifier
• Express multiple identifiers in repeated fields
48. 5/6/06 PALNI Metadata Workshop48
Rights
• Include rights information about a
resource in the most granular format
possible
• State rights information in plain
language intended for the end-user of a
resource
• Supply rights over the metadata record
only in a metadata element specifically
designed for this purpose
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Types/Genres of resources
• Present format and type/genre
information in all records.
• Choose type values from relevant
controlled vocabularies consistently and
explicitly
• Express multiple type/genre terms in
repeated fields
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Thinking about interoperability
• Metadata as one view of a resource
• Have a stranger review a record out of
context
• Working towards “shareable metadata”
51. 5/6/06 PALNI Metadata Workshop51
Metadata as a view of the
resource
• There is no monolithic, one-size-fits-all
metadata record
• Metadata for the same thing is different
depending on use and audience
• Harry Potter as represented by…
• a public library
• an online bookstore
• a fan site
52. 5/6/06 PALNI Metadata Workshop52
Choice of vocabularies as a
view
• Names
• LCNAF: Michelangelo Buonarroti, 1475-
1564
• ULAN: Buonarroti, Michelangelo
• Places
• LCSH: Jakarta (Indonesia)
• TGN: Jakarta
• Subjects
• LCSH: Neo-impressionism (Art)
• AAT: Pointillism
53. 5/6/06 PALNI Metadata Workshop53
What does this record describe?
identifier: http://name.university.edu/IC-FISH3IC-
X0802]1004_112
publisher: Museum of Zoology, Fish Field Notes
format: jpeg
rights: These pages may be freely searched and displayed.
Permission must be received for subsequent
distribution in print or electronically.
type: image
subject: 1926-05-18; 1926; 0812; 18; Trib. to Sixteen Cr. Trib.
Pine River, Manistee R.; JAM26-460; 05;
1926/05/18; R10W; S26; S27; T21N
language: UND
source: Michigan 1926 Metzelaar, 1926--1926;
description: Flora and Fauna of the Great Lakes Region
Example courtesy of Sarah Shreeves, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
55. 5/6/06 PALNI Metadata Workshop55
Shareable metadata defined
• Metadata for aggregation with records from other
institutions
• Promotes search interoperability - “the ability to
perform a search over diverse sets of metadata
records and obtain meaningful results” (Priscilla
Caplan)
• Is human understandable outside of its local
context
• Is useful outside of its local context
• Preferably is machine processable
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Why share metadata?
• Benefits to users
• One-stop searching
• Aggregation of subject-specific resources
• Benefits to institutions
• Increased exposure for collections
• Broader user base
• Bringing together of distributed collections
Don’t expect users will know about your
collection and remember to visit it.
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Finding the right balance
• Metadata providers know the materials
• Document encoding schemes and
controlled vocabularies
• Document practices
• Ensure record validity
• Aggregators have the processing power
• Format conversion
• Reconcile known vocabularies
• Normalize data
• Batch metadata enhancement
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Five C’s of shareable
metadata
• Consistency
• Coherence
• Content
• Context
• Conformance
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Consistency
• Records in a set should all reflect the
same practice
• Fields used
• Vocabularies
• Syntax encoding schemes
• Allows aggregators to apply same
enhancement logic to an entire group of
records
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Coherence
• Record should be self-explanatory
• Values must appear in appropriate
elements
• Repeat fields instead of “packing” to
explicitly indicate where one value ends
and another begins
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Content
• Choose appropriate vocabularies
• Choose appropriate granularity
• Make it obvious what to display
• Exclude unnecessary “filler”
• Make it clear what links point to
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Context
• Include information not used locally
• Exclude information only used locally
• Current safe assumptions
• Users discover material through shared
record
• User then delivered to your environment for
full context
• Context driven by intended use
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Conformance
• To standards
• Metadata standards (and not just DC)
• Vocabulary and encoding standards
• Descriptive content standards (AACR2,
CCO, DACS)
• Technical standards (XML, Character
encoding, etc)
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A final word on interoperability
• We can no longer afford to only think
about our local users
• Creating shareable metadata will
require more work on your part
• Indiana is moving toward a portal of
Indiana-related digital content – you
should be planning for this now
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Putting it all into practice
• Develop written documentation
• Develop a quality control workflow for
metadata creation
• Share your findings with others
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For more information
• Indiana Digital Library home page:
<http://www.statelib.lib.in.us/www/isl/diglibin/>
• These presentation slides and
handouts:
<http://www.dlib.indiana.edu/~jenlrile/presentations/palni2006/>
• jenlrile@indiana.edu